Secondary centres of economic activity in the East Midlands: final report

This report outlines the findings of a study of secondary centres of economic activity in the East Midlands. The study builds on previous work undertaken in the ‘GDP Growth in the East Midlands and Yorkshire and Humberside regions’ project by the Enterprise Research and Development Unit on behalf of emda and Yorkshire Forward

'All Yorkshiremen are from Yorkshire, but some are more "Yorkshire" than others': British Asians and the myths of Yorkshire cricket

This article explores the contemporary relationship between Yorkshire cricket and South Asian communities through oral testimonies with white and British Asian cricketers within the region. The article documents how the myths and invented traditions surrounding Yorkshire as an insular county have extended to all levels of Yorkshire cricket culture. Evidence is presented to argue that, despite the growing representation of British Asians within the Yorkshire leagues and within the structure of Yorkshire County Cricket Club, cultural and institutionalized forms of racism continue to be intrinsic to the sport. The article presents evidence to suggest that, regardless of being committed to Yorkshire and their 'Yorkshireness', white Yorkshire people may never fully accept British Asians as 'one of us'. Finally, Yorkshire cricket's (alleged) commitment to 'colour blindness' is deconstructed by presenting evidence that British Asians continue to feel marginalized by, and on the fringes of, mainstream cricket culture in Yorkshire. © 2012 Taylor & Francis

Evaluation of Careers Yorkshire and the Humber: inspiration activity and good practice guide.

The evaluation captures the work of Careers Yorkshire and the Humber in their response to the government's 'inspiration agenda' which aims to support schools, colleges and prisons to inspire career aspiration in young people. Careers Yorkshire and the Humber is a regional provider of the National Careers Service.Careers Yorkshire and the Humbe

HEALTHWATCH INVESTIGATIONS: Developing good practice

Investigating issues and concerns raised by service users, carers, patients and the wider public and getting feedback, is core business for local Healthwatch. This is an extremely challenging role. Local Healthwatch are small organisations who are charged with influencing large organisations and local health systems. In order to be successful local Healthwatch have to provide an analysis of the experiences of the public in a way that is credible and understandable to large organisations who will have much greater analytical and professional expertise and who may feel (rightly or wrongly) that they have a better grasp on what the challenges are and ‘what needs to be done’ than a local Healthwatch! This report summarises some of the thinking and practice that has emerged from work that has been led by Health Together1 and involved Healthwatch Leeds, Healthwatch Wakefield and other local Healthwatch in West Yorkshire - Bradford, Calderdale and Kirklees - as well as a briefing session facilitated by Involve Yorkshire and Humber which was attended by a further six Yorkshire and Humber Healthwatch

What can we do for LGBQ youth in north Yorkshire

This report is the summary of a five-month project commissioned by Yorkshire MESMAC which investigated the provision of support for lesbian,gay, bisexual and questioning (LGBQ) youth livingin the North Yorkshire sub-region. The projectconsisted of two elements: Study - Part 1 The first part of the study was a mapping exerciseof the current support available to LGBQ youth(16-25) in the North Yorkshire sub-region. Fivevoluntary and 15 statutory sector service providers provided input. Assessment was based on the extent to which each service provider catered for the specific needs of LGBQ youth. Results indicated a deficit in LGBQ specific service provision. Support specifically aimed at the LGBQ population was limited to three voluntary sector service providers and one youth group. Generic service providers varied in their ability to cater for the needs of LGBQ youth and only one was found to adequately address the needs of LGBQ youth. Study - Part 2 The second part of the study involved a qualitative investigation into the experiences and perceived needs of twenty-two LGBQ youth living in the North Yorkshire sub-region. Participants reported a diverse range of needs linked to their perceptions of isolation and a lack of social support. Recommendations Based upon the findings from Parts 1 and 2 of this study, the following recommendations are offered: ● The development of a sub-regional internet site for rural LGBQ youth to access information and online support ● The establishment of LGBQ youth groups across the county, preferably run on weekends, and at times that coincide with the provision of public transport ● The provision of drop-in venues with appropriately trained support staff ● The provision of training opportunities for staff within generic support services. ● Regular evaluation of LGBQ youth provision among generic services and regular monitoring of access by LGBQ youth ● The development and maintenance of links between service providers for LGBQ communities and more generic service providers

Energy embodied in household cookery: the missing part of a sustainable food system? Part 2: A life cycle assessment of roast beef and Yorkshire pudding

This paper firstly reviews the current state of knowledge on sustainable cookery and the environmental impacts of the food consumption phase. It then uses the example of a dish of roast beef and Yorkshire pudding to explore energy use in food production and consumption. Part 1 of this paper conducts a meta-analysis of 33 roast beef and Yorkshire pudding recipes in order to create a representative recipe for analysis. Part 2 of this paper then uses life cycle assessment and energy use data is coupled with the representative recipe of roast beef and Yorkshire pudding, to calculate the embodied energy of the meal. Seven interventions are modelled to illustrate how sustainable cookery can play a role as part of a sustainable food system. Interventions show that sustainable cookery has the potential to reduce cookery related energy use by 18%, and integrating sustainable cookery within a sustainable food system has the potential to reduce the total energy use by 55%. Finally, the paper discusses the issue of how the adoption of the sustainable cookery agenda may help or hinder attempts to shift consumers towards sustainable diets

"Aye, but It Were Wasted on Thee": Cricket, British Asians, Ethnic Identities, and the 'Magical Recovery of Community'

People in sport tend to possess rather jaded perceptions of its colour-blindness and thus, they are reluctant to confront the fact that, quite often racism is endemic. Yorkshire cricket in particular, has faced frequent accusations from minority ethnic communities of inveterate and institutionalised racism and territorial defensiveness. Drawing upon semi-structured interviews conducted with amateur white and British Asian cricketers, this paper examines the construction of regional identities in Yorkshire at a time when traditional myths and invented traditions of Yorkshire and 'Yorkshireness' are being deconstructed. This is conceptualised through a reading of John Clarke's 'magical recovery of community'. Although cricket has been multiracial for decades, I argue that some people's position as insiders is more straightforward than others. I present evidence to suggest that, regardless of being committed to Yorkshire and their 'Yorkshireness', white Yorkshire people may never fully accept British Asians as 'one of us'. Ideologically and practically, white Yorkshire people are engaged in constructing British Asians as anathema to Yorkshire culture. The paper concludes by advocating that, for sports cultures to be truly egalitarian, the ideology of sport itself has to change. True equality will only ever be achieved within a de-racialised discourse that not only accepts difference, but embraces it.British Asians; Community; Cricket; Identity; Racism; Symbolic Boundaries

A comparative study of defoliation in Holcus lantanus and Lolium perenne pastures grazed by sheep : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Agriculture at Massey University

Objectives of this study were (i) to extend limited information on the assessment of relative defoliation of grass and legume components in mixed ryegrass/white clover and yorkshire fog/white clover pastures, (ii) to test whether the balance of preference between ryegrass and clover differed from that between yorkshire fog and clover, and (iii) to compare the behaviour and the potential reaction of the two grass species under grazing conditions. Observations were made on plots of ryegrass/white clover and yorkshire fog/white clover grazed by sheep at high (12% live weight) and medium (6% live weight) herbage allowance. There were four replicates of each treatment, which were grazed in rotation over a four week period. Detailed sward measurements were made before and after grazing. Measurement of herbage mass, sward height, sward components, pasture structure and defoliation are reported. Sward surface heights were very similar for the two swards both before and after grazing. The sown grasses formed the dominant proportions in both swards, while white clover proportions were similar. The proportion of dead material was higher for yorkshire fog/white clover pasture than ryegrass/white clover pasture both before and after grazing. Tiller populations were higher for yorkshire fog than ryegrass (10355 vs. 6505 ±919 m·2). Mean stem length was greater for yorkshire fog than ryegrass (62.3 vs.35.0 ±2.8 mm), and the distribution of stem length showed a stronger positive skew. Yorkshire fog had a shorter leaf length than ryegrass. The population density of white clover nodes was similar in the two swards. White clover nodes in the two swards were quite similar in leaf weight, number and area both before and after grazing. The defoliated heights for clover in ryegrass/white clover and yorkshire fog/white clover swards (3 cm and 5 cm respectively) were similar at both low and high grazing allowance. The proportion of grass in the grazed stratum was higher for ryegrass than for yorkshire fog pasture before grazing, but the proportion of white clover was lower. Three parameters estimated from pre- and post-grazing measurements on individual grass tillers and clover nodes were used in the interpretation of pasture defoliation: namely defoliation frequency, defoliation severity and defoliation pressure (frequency x severity). In ryegrass/white clover pastures, the defoliation of leaf was significantly higher for ryegrass than white clover for all three parameters. In the comparison within yorkshire fog/white clover pastures, the defoliation frequency was not different between grass and clover, but the severity of defoliation and defoliation pressure were significantly higher for grass than clover. Ryegrass stem was grazed more severely than white clover petiole in ryegrass/white clover pastures. Defoliation parameters for yorkshire fog stems and white clover petioles in yorkshire fog/white clover pastures showed smaller and not significant differences. There was a highly significant effect of allowance on leaf defoliation in ryegrass/white clover pastures, but the effect was less marked in yorkshire fog/white clover pastures. More ryegrass leaf was grazed per day than yorkshire fog leaf. The proportion of leaf removed and the pressure of defoliation were higher in ryegrass than in fog. When white clovers were compared between the two swards, there were no differences in any of the three defoliation parameters. Leaf defoliation effects were greater at medium allowance than at high allowance. For all parameters, allowance effects were greater for grass than clover. The fact that grasses were defoliated more severely than the companion clovers in both swards reflected the effects of vertical distribution of sward components. However, the much lower defoliated height for clovers in both swards strongly suggested that sheep actively selected clover in the mixed swards despite the fact that clover was distributed much lower in the sward canopies. The greater defoliation of ryegrass than yorkshire fog leaf was attributed to greater preference of the animal for ryegrass than yorkshire fog in comparison with the companion clover

Epidemiological associations between brachycephaly and upper respiratory tract disorders in dogs attending veterinary practices in England

Background: Brachycephalic dog breeds are increasingly common. Canine brachycephaly has been associated with upper respiratory tract (URT) disorders but reliable prevalence data remain lacking. Using primary-care veterinary clinical data, this study aimed to report the prevalence and breed-type risk factors for URT disorders in dogs. Results: The sampling frame included 170,812 dogs attending 96 primary-care veterinary clinics participating within the VetCompass Programme. Two hundred dogs were randomly selected from each of three extreme brachycephalic breed types (Bulldog, French Bulldog and Pug) and three common small-to medium sized breed types (moderate brachycephalic: Yorkshire Terrier and non-brachycephalic: Border Terrier and West Highland White Terrier). Information on all URT disorders recorded was extracted from individual patient records. Disorder prevalence was compared between groups using the chi-squared test or Fisher’s test, as appropriate. Risk factor analysis used multivariable logistic regression modelling. During the study, 83 (6.9 %) study dogs died. Extreme brachycephalic dogs (median longevity: 8.6 years, IQR: 2.4-10.8) were significantly younger at death than the moderate and non-brachycephalic group of dogs (median 12.7 years, IQR 11.1-15.0) (P \u3c 0.001). A higher proportion of deaths in extreme brachycephalic breed types were associated with URT disorders (4/24 deaths, 16.7 %) compared with the moderate and non-brachycephalic group (0/59 deaths, 0.0 %) (P = 0.001). The prevalence of having at least one URT disorder in the extreme brachycephalic group was higher (22.0 %, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 18.0-26.0) than in the moderate and non-brachycephalic group (9.7 %, 95 % CI: 7.1-12.3, P \u3c 0.001). The prevalence of URT disorders varied significantly by breed type: Bulldogs 19.5 %, French Bulldogs 20.0 %, Pugs 26.5 %, Border Terriers 9.0 %, West Highland White Terriers 7.0 % and Yorkshire Terriers 13.0 % (P \u3c 0.001). After accounting for the effects of age, bodyweight, sex, neutering and insurance, extreme brachycephalic dogs had 3.5 times (95 % CI: 2.4-5.0, P \u3c 0.001) the odds of at least one URT disorder compared with the moderate and non-brachycephalic group. Conclusions: In summary, this study reports that URT disorders are commonly diagnosed in Bulldog, French Bulldog, Pug, Border Terrier, WHWT and Yorkshire Terrier dogs attending primary-care veterinary practices in England. The three extreme brachycephalic breed types (Bulldog, French Bulldog and Pug) were relatively short-lived and predisposed to URT disorders compared with three other small-to-medium size breed types that are commonly owned (moderate brachycephalic Yorkshire Terrier and non-brachycephalic: Border Terrier and WHWT). Conclusions: In summary, this study reports that URT disorders are commonly diagnosed in Bulldog, French Bulldog, Pug, Border Terrier, WHWT and Yorkshire Terrier dogs attending primary-care veterinary practices in England. The three extreme brachycephalic breed types (Bulldog, French Bulldog and Pug) were relatively short-lived and predisposed to URT disorders compared with three other small-to-medium size breed types that are commonly owned (moderate brachycephalic Yorkshire Terrier and non-brachycephalic: Border Terrier and WHWT)