SISTEM PAKAR PENANGANAN LIMBAH GAS PABRIK KARET REMAH

Natural Rubber Industry cause negative inrpact by its waste like gaseous waste which need appropriate treatment. This situation reduce arnenity of community which live around the rubber factory. Problents which occur while designing the appropriate treatntent for gaseous waste like treatment unit are expensive and there are several options for gaseous treatment method. This paper discuss the use of expert system for supporting the decision to handle gaseous waste which is produced by crumb rubber factory. According ta the result of knowledge acquisition from experts can be concluded that the recommendation for treatment of gaseous waste from cruntb rubber factory are decided by several criterias which are factory location, community acceptance around the factory, crumb rubber processing method, gaseous waste handling criteria, fund availability, and condition of wastewater treatment facilities. Recommendations which are produced l) the rubber factory spend social cost, 2) the rubber factory apply the gaseous waste treatment unit, and 31 the rubber factory spend social cost and apply the gaseous waste treatment uni

Analisis Pengaruh Penambahan Limbah Karet terhadap Durabilitas dan Flexibilitas Aspal Beton (Ac-wc)

Availability of roads is an absolute prerequisite for the entry of investment into a region, for this reason it is necessary to plan strong, durable and high durability pavement for plastic deformation. Damage in Indonesia is generally caused by excessive loading. The cause of damage to this pavement requires the use of material for higher quality road pavement in the form of aggregate material as a filler and asphalt as a binder. The addition of rubber waste to the concrete asphalt mixture is a solution for highway planning and reducing pollution of rubber waste produced by rubber factories. From the results of the addition of rubber waste mixture affect the flexibility and durability of asphalt, Marshall Quotien value and residual Marshall Stability that affect flexibility and durability when compared with normal mixtures decreased, the decrease in value was due to the number of cavities in the test object mixed with rubber waste. From the results of the mixture of rubber waste produced an optimization value on Marshall stability in the percentage of 6% rubber waste of 93.68% and Marshall Quotien in the percentage of 6% rubber waste of 272.20 kg / mm

Rubber/crete: mechanical properties of scrap to reuse tire-derived rubber in concrete. A review

The recycling of waste tires is of paramount importance for the environment protection and for economic reasons too. The amount of scrapped tires in USA reached 550 million tires per year and it is still raising. In the EU even higher numbers are estimated reaching the value of 1 billion tires per year. Disused tires are transformed into wastes, causing a highly negative environmental impact. Tire disposal mainly involves highly polluting treatments (e.g. combustion processes for the production of fuel oil), while only a small percentage of waste (from 3% to 15%) is destined for less invasive treatments such as powdering. In this work we will see some previous study in which waste tire powder of different ranges used in combination with cement concrete mixture, providing a final product with suitable mechanical properties for the chosen engineering application. As results of previous work recorded that reaching a good compressive strength can be achieved through replacing 30% of powder tire with crush sand. First, the percentage of aggregation between crumb rubber and crushed sand increases the compressive strength will drop extremely. Second, aggregation replacement between crumb rubber and crushed sand lower than 30 % can show reduction in density at around 10% leading lower in its weight. Third, modulus of elasticity depends on the percentage of addition, the more rubber added to concrete the lesser it will be. In addition to that, the lower the toughness of concrete means the higher strength. Moreover; addition of rubber to concrete increases the toughness value of it (1)

Investigating the impact of curing system on structure-property relationship of natural rubber modified with brewery by-product and ground tire rubber

The application of wastes as a filler/reinforcement phase in polymers is a new strategy to modify the performance properties and reduce the price of biocomposites. The use of these fillers, coming from agricultural waste (cellulose/lignocellulose-based fillers) and waste rubbers, constitutes a method for the management of post-consumer waste. In this paper, highly-filled biocomposites based on natural rubber (NR) and ground tire rubber (GTR)/brewers’ spent grain (BSG) hybrid reinforcements, were prepared using two different curing systems: (i) sulfur-based and (ii) dicumyl peroxide (DCP). The influence of the amount of fillers (in 100/0, 50/50, and 0/100 ratios in parts per hundred of rubber) and type of curing system on the final properties of biocomposites was evaluated by the oscillating disc rheometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, swelling behavior, tensile testing, and impedance tube measurements. The results show, that the scorch time and the optimum curing time values of sulfur cured biocomposites are affected by the change of the hybrid filler ratio while using the DCP curing system, and the obtained values do not show significant variations. The results conclude that the biocomposites cured with sulfur have better physico-mechanical and acoustic absorption, and that the type of curing system does not influence their thermal stability. The overall analysis indicates that the difference in final properties of highly filled biocomposites cured with two different systems is mainly affected by the: (i) cross-linking efficiency, (ii) partial absorption and reactions between fillers and used additives, and (iii) affinity of additives to applied fillersPostprint (published version

The properties of recycled rubber from waste tires in the production of cement composites

This article presents the results of a study dealing with the use of a combination of recycled rubber from waste tires as a 100% substitute in the production of cement composites. Aggregate was replaced with recycled rubber in two ratios, namely the ratio of 50/50 and the ratio of 40/60 of the share of fraction 0/1 mm and fraction 1/3 mm. The designed formulas of cement compositeswere subjected to the tests of their physical and mechanical properties in order to determine the properties of the used recycled rubber combination. The tests included the consistency of the grain curve, mixing water properties, consistency of cement mortar, and strength characteristics (tensile flexural strength and compressive strength). The study presents results that are fundamentally different from the comparative samples and their use in the building industry; however, at the same time, they open upnew possibilities of their utilization as a building material

Thermal Conductivity of Crumb Rubber as Partial Sand Replacement and Recycled Aggregates as Partial Coarse Aggregate Replacement in Concrete

Disposal of waste tire rubber has become a major environmental issue worldwide and is increasing day by day, especially in Malaysia where carbon emission is among the highest in the world. Therefore, recycled waste materials are being used as construction materials in order to create new innovative products that are able to mitigate environmental pollution, reduce the cost of construction and improve the properties of concrete. This study discusses the utilisation of crumb rubber and recycled aggregates in concrete construction and the objective of this study is to determine the thermal conductivity of crumb rubber and compare the optimum strength of concrete materials. 12 cube samples measuring 200 200 100 mm containing different percentages of crumb rubber (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5%) as fine aggregate substitute and 50% of recycled aggregates as coarse aggregate substitute were produced. The concrete grade used for these specimens is grade 35. The curing process was conducted on the samples to achieve the standard strength of concrete in 7 and 28 days. Therefore, the real strength of concrete was measured after the curing process. A slump test was conducted to determine the properties of crumb rubber. In addition, the samples were examined using the guarded hot box method to obtain the optimum percentage of crumb rubber as partial sand replacement in concrete for thermal conductivity. The results show that thermal conductivity (k-value) decreased slightly with the increase in crumb rubber content. However, the quality of concrete also slightly increased as the percentage of crumb rubber content increased. Lastly, based on the results, 5% of crumb rubber and 50% of recycled aggregates were suggested as the optimum percentages to be used in concrete as it achieved the lowest thermal conductivity compared to conventional concrete

Waste tire rubber in polymer blends: a review on the evolution, properties and future

This review addresses the progress in waste tire recycling with a particular attention to incorporation of waste tire rubber (WTR) into polymeric matrices. Methods of waste tire downsizing, importance of WTR characterization and current practice of WTR modification has been emphasized. Detailed discussion on influence of WTR size, loading, modification, compatibilization and crosslinking on the rheological, mechanical and thermal properties of rubber, thermoplastic and thermoplastic elastomer blends utilizing WTR has been reported. By far, thermoplastic elastomer blends; though still in its infancy; has shown the most promising properties balance which is capable of commercialization. Rubber/WTR blends also show ease of processing and acceptable properties. Thermoplastic/WTR blends suffers in term of toughness and elongation at break. However, the waste thermoplastic/WTR is a viable solution to address polymeric waste problem. Review also highlights the lack of studies concentrating on dynamic mechanical, aging, thermal and swelling properties of WTR polymeric blends

Pengaruh Penambahan ‘Limbah Karet Ban Luar\u27 Terhadap Karakteristik Marshall Pada Lapis Tipis Aspal Pasir (Latasir) Kelas B

Asphalt mixture Latasir called HRSS (Hot Rolled Sand Sheet). Proper aggregate gradation,asphalt latasir distinct class A and class B. A known class Latasir HRSS-A with a nominal minimumthickness of 1.5 cm. As a class known as HRSS Latasir B-B with a nominal minimum thickness of2 cm. Latasir intended for asphalt road with light traffic, especially in areas where coarse aggregateis not available. The use of “rubber tire waste” as asphalt additives latasir is expected to reduce theuse of asphalt and benefits, including increases due to the braking surface traction and reduces tirenoise due to friction with the floor surface. The addition of “waste tire rubber” mixing the asphaltmade with a variety B latasir rubber content of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% of the bitumen content. Itis known that a mixture of asphalt latasir B with the addition of “waste rubber tire ‘can improve thequality of Marshal. In the rubber content optimum for the ratio of 0312% rubber content andasphalt content of 7.89%, resulting in a mixture characteristics: Marshall Stability 950 kg, MarshallQuotient 4.1 kN/mm, Air Voids 3.5 % dan film thickness 8 μm

Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Singkong Termodifikasi Alkanolamida Sebagai Bahan Pengisi Dalam Produk Lateks Karet Alam: Pengaruh Waktu Vulkanisasi

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of drying time on the mechanical properties of natural rubber latex filled with cassava peel waste modified alkanolamide. Cassava peel is a waste, containing cellulose which is potential as fillers in natural rubber latex products. Cassava peel waste was dried and milled until the size of 100 mesh. Alkanolamide is one type of non-ionic surfactant which is synthesized from RBDPS (Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Stearin) and diethanolamine. Alkanolamide has polar group which can modified cassava peel waste and make strong chemical bonding with natural rubber latex. The production of natural rubber latex products was started from pre-vulcanization at 70°C until the system was cured and the chloroform number has reached number 3. Natural rubber latex was formed into films by coagulant dipping and drying method at 120°C for 10 minutes and 20 minutes. Results show that longer drying time will improve the crosslink density and tensile strength of natural rubber latex products until the addition of 15 phr cassava peel waste powder

Characterization And Properties Of Styrene Butadiene Rubber/Recycled Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber (Sbr/Nbr) Blends

Pengitaran atau penggunaan semula sarung tangan getah kitar semula akrilonitril-butadiena (NBRr) dengan pencampuran getah sintetik stirena butadiena (SBR) boleh mewujudkan suatu peluang terhadap altematif produk baru. The recycling or reuse of waste rubber from recycled acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber glove (recycled NBR glove) by means of blending together with synthetic rubber styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) can gives an opportunity as an alternative product