Using ant colony optimisation to improve the efficiency of small meander line RFID antennas

Increasing the efficiency of meander line antennas is an important real-world problem within radio frequency identification (RFID). Meta-heuristic search algorithms, such as ant colony optimisation, are very efficient at solving problems that require paths to be constructed. This search technique is adapted to solve the grid based path problem for meander line antennas and incorporates the NEC evaluation suite. The results for grid sizes up to 10 x 10 grid indicates that ant colony optimisation is extremely effective at this real-world proble