Fractional integral equations tell us how to impose initial values in fractional differential equations

The goal of this work is to discuss how should we impose initial values in fractional problems to ensure that they have exactly one smooth unique solution, where smooth simply means that the solution lies in a certain suitable space of fractional differentiability. For the sake of simplicity and to show the fundamental ideas behind our arguments, we will do this only for the Riemann-Liouville case of linear equations with constant coefficients. In a few words, we study the natural consequences in fractional differential equations of the already existing results involving existence and uniqueness for their integral analogues, in terms of the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral. Under this scope, we derive naturally several interesting results. One of the most astonishing ones is that a fractional differential equation of order $\beta>0$ with Riemann-Liouville derivatives can demand, in principle, less initial values than $\lceil \beta \rceil$ to have a uniquely determined solution. In fact, if not all the involved derivatives have the same decimal part, the amount of conditions is given by $\lceil \beta - \beta_* \rceil$ where $\beta_*$ is the highest order in the differential equation such that $\beta-\beta_*$ is not an integer

Distributed order equations as boundary value problems

This is a PDF version of a preprint submitted to Elsevier. The definitive version was published in Computers and mathematics with applications and is available at www.elsevier.comThis preprint discusses the existence and uniqueness of solutions and proposes a numerical method for their approximation in the case where the initial conditions are not known and, instead, some Caputo-type conditions are given away from the origin

Nonlinear normal modes and spectral submanifolds: Existence, uniqueness and use in model reduction

We propose a unified approach to nonlinear modal analysis in dissipative oscillatory systems. This approach eliminates conflicting definitions, covers both autonomous and time-dependent systems, and provides exact mathematical existence, uniqueness and robustness results. In this setting, a nonlinear normal mode (NNM) is a set filled with small-amplitude recurrent motions: a fixed point, a periodic orbit or the closure of a quasiperiodic orbit. In contrast, a spectral submanifold (SSM) is an invariant manifold asymptotic to a NNM, serving as the smoothest nonlinear continuation of a spectral subspace of the linearized system along the NNM. The existence and uniqueness of SSMs turns out to depend on a spectral quotient computed from the real part of the spectrum of the linearized system. This quotient may well be large even for small dissipation, thus the inclusion of damping is essential for firm conclusions about NNMs, SSMs and the reduced-order models they yield.Comment: To appear in Nonlinear Dynamic

On the Index and the Order of Quasi-regular Implicit Systems of Differential Equations

This paper is mainly devoted to the study of the differentiation index and the order for quasi-regular implicit ordinary differential algebraic equation (DAE) systems. We give an algebraic definition of the differentiation index and prove a Jacobi-type upper bound for the sum of the order and the differentiation index. Our techniques also enable us to obtain an alternative proof of a combinatorial bound proposed by Jacobi for the order. As a consequence of our approach we deduce an upper bound for the Hilbert-Kolchin regularity and an effective ideal membership test for quasi-regular implicit systems. Finally, we prove a theorem of existence and uniqueness of solutions for implicit differential systems

The Nahm Pole Boundary Condition

The Nahm pole boundary condition for certain gauge theory equations in four and five dimensions is defined by requiring that a solution should have a specified singularity along the boundary. In the present paper, we show that this boundary condition is elliptic and has regularity properties analogous to more standard elliptic boundary conditions. We also establish a uniqueness theorem for the solution of the relevant equations on a half-space with Nahm pole boundary conditions. These results are expected to have a generalization involving knots, with applications to the Jones polynomial and Khovanov homology.Comment: 60 pp, minor corrections in v.