Unified processing of constraints for interactive simulation

International audienceThis paper introduces a generic way of dealing with a set of different constraints (bilateral, unilateral, dry friction) in the context of interactive simulation. We show that all the mentioned constraints can be handled within a unified framework: we define the notion of generalized constraints, which can be derived into most classical constraints types. The solving method is based on an implicit treatment of constraints that provides good stability for interactive applications using deformable models and rigid bodies. Each constraint law is expressed in constraint subspace, making constraint evaluation much easier. A global solution is calculated using an iterative process that takes into account the mechanical coupling between the constraints. Various examples, from basic to more complex, show the practical advantage of using generalized constraints, as a way of creating heterogeneously constrained systems, as well as the scalability of the proposed method

Unified processing of constraints for interactive simulation

International audienceThis paper introduces a generic way of dealing with a set of different constraints (bilateral, unilateral, dry friction) in the context of interactive simulation. We show that all the mentioned constraints can be handled within a unified framework: we define the notion of generalized constraints, which can be derived into most classical constraints types. The solving method is based on an implicit treatment of constraints that provides good stability for interactive applications using deformable models and rigid bodies. Each constraint law is expressed in constraint subspace, making constraint evaluation much easier. A global solution is calculated using an iterative process that takes into account the mechanical coupling between the constraints. Various examples, from basic to more complex, show the practical advantage of using generalized constraints, as a way of creating heterogeneously constrained systems, as well as the scalability of the proposed method

Navigation d'une aiguille médicale déformable

Les environnements actuels de navigation de gestes interventionnels avec aiguille font l'hypothèse de l'indéformabilité de celle-ci. Hypothèse non vérifiée cliniquement avec comme conséquence immédiate une perte de précision du geste réalisé et à plus long terme de potentielles conséquences morbides. En pratique, cette aiguille peut être amenée à se déformer du fait des interactions avec les tissus. Il est donc nécessaire d'incorporer dans les systèmes de navigation des données sur la déformée de l'aiguille à l'aide, par exemple, de jauges de déformation. Ces dernières permettent d'accéder en temps réel à des informations locales de déformation, a partir desquelles il sera possible de reconstruire la déformée de l'aiguille. L'objectif de ce travail consiste donc à l'élaboration d'une nouvelle génération de système de navigation permettant de localiser en 3D et en temps réel, la déformée d'une aiguille instrumentée.The current environments of navigation of interventional gestures with needle make the assumption of the indeformability of this one. Unchecked hypothesis clinicaly with as immediate consequence a loss of precision of the gesture carried out and longer-term of potential morbid consequences. In practice, this needle can be brought to deform because of the interactions with tissues. It is thus necessary to incorporate in the navigation systems of the data on the bending of the needle to the assistance, for example, of strain gauges. These last ones allow to reach in real time local information of deformation, has to leave of which it will be possible to rebuild the deformation of the needle. The objective of this work thus consists with the development of a new generation of navigation system allowing to localize in 3D and real time, the deformation of an instrumented needle.SAVOIE-SCD - Bib.électronique (730659901) / SudocGRENOBLE1/INP-Bib.électronique (384210012) / SudocGRENOBLE2/3-Bib.électronique (384219901) / SudocSudocFranceF