Measuring ethnocentric tendencies of consumers in Tuzla Canton

Consumer ethnocentrism is a tendency of consumers to buy and consume domestic products and services. The aim of the paper was to identify the key attitudes and barriers related to consumer ethnocentrism, and to examine the impact of socio–demographic characteristics of households on the tendencies in consumer ethnocentrism in the Tuzla Canton area. The study was conducted on a random sample of 110 households, and the questionnaire consisted of two parts. In the first part, questions were answered from the standard CET scale with 17 claims, while the second part of the questionnaire consisted of a set of questions that concerned habits and preferences of consumers, barriers to consumer ethnocentrism, and socio-demographic characteristics of respondents. It was found that Bosnia and Herzegovina consumers are ethnocentric, most prominently in the purchase of domestic food products. The extent of Pearson’s coefficient of correlation shows that their tendency towards purchasing domestic products significantly correlates positively with promotional activities. The results of the study showed that for most of the socio–demographic characteristics of the respondents there was no statistically significant difference in relation to the tendency of consumer ethnocentrism. The only exception is the ethnicity of the respondents. In addition, consumers do not reject foreign products, but agree that they should be limited in the Tuzla Canton area. The results of the conducted empirical research can provide valuable guidelines for improving the business activities of production companies in both Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Tuzla Canton

The Acceleration of Birth Weight and Birth Length of Hypotrophic and Hypertrophic Newborns From Tuzla Canton from 1976 to 2007

The acceleration or secular changes are long-term systematic changes across a broad spectrum of anthropological variables in successive generations of the population living in the same territory. The phenomenon can be seen in the size of newborns in the period of childhood and early youth, but also at the population level. The research used the data from the book of protocols, from the Departament of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Centre in Tuzla. The sample taken from 19312 newborns (10037 boys, or 51.97%, and, 9275 girls, or 48.03%) was composed of four sub-samples of newborns of both sexes, as follows: sub-samples of infants between 01 January and 31 December of the following calendar years: 1976, 1987, 1997 and 2007. The aim of this research paper is to determine the acceleration of birth weight and birth length of hypotrophic (birth weight less than 2500g) and hypertrophic infants (birth weight greater than 4000g) of both sexes in Tuzla Canton, in four time points. On the basis of mathematical-statistical methods, the acceleration of the birth weight of the total sample of hypotrophic neonates with negative values, ranged from - 21.39 g / decade and -2.48 g / dec in hypertrophic newborns. The acceleration of birth length of hypotrophic infants in the total sample was 0.14 cm / decade, and in hypertrophic 0.62 cm / decade. Conclusion: it is presumed that this secular change was caused by massive and violent population migrations during the 1992-1996 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, when there was a change in the geneti

Migration Flows in Bosnia and Herzegovina After 1992.

Bosnia and Herzegovina is known as migratory dynamic state. Causes for this migration are mainly of political and economical nature. Intensity of migration through Bosnia and Herzegovina in second half of the 19th century and throughout 20th century was cicely intensifying at almost regular time intervals and was caused mainly with political, but also with economical factors. This paper is intended to examine migration streaming in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the last decade of 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. It examines the forced migration generated by war that was raging in the state in the period of 1992-1995, as well as the post-war migration caused by economical and political factors, but it also examines the return of displaced people to their homes after the war ending. By using all available domestic and foreign written sources in this field, authors will give consideration to entire series of questions that are intruding into these issues. Analysis of the consequences of former migration flows and probability of their reduction, that is, defining the vision of the state in these new conditions, certainly dominates this paper among all other things.

KNOWLEDGE OF NURSES/TECHNICIANS ON THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC WOUNDS IN RELATION TO THE LEVEL OF HEALTHCARE

It is estimated that 1 to 2% of the population in developed countries will experience a chronic wound during their lifetime. Nurses are leaders in applying innovations that can create positive results in preventing and treating chronic wounds in patients admitted to acute care hospitals. The aim of the research is to examine the knowledge of nurses-technicians about the knowledge of measures for the prevention and treatment of chronic wounds. In the research of knowledge on the treatment of chronic wounds, 349 respondents participated, employed at the primary and tertiary levels of health care. For the purposes of the research, the authors created a questionnaire based on a review of professional and scientific literature, as well as evidence in practice. The research was conducted through the Chamber of Nurses-Technicians of Sarajevo Canton and the Chamber of Tuzla Canton. Respondents from Sarajevo Canton worked significantly longer in practice, and 36.2% of respondents worked from 21 to 30 years, and 10.9% of respondents worked longer than 30 years, while among respondents from Tuzla Canton 34.8% of them, worked from 21 to 30 years and 9.9% worked for more than 30 years. 43.9% of respondents from Tuzla Canton and 39.6% of respondents from Sarajevo Canton had a certificate for the care of chronic wounds (X 2 = 9.077; p = 0.028). The assessment of knowledge is in a direct positive relationship with the level of health care (rho = 0.187; p = 0.001). Analysis of the knowledge in relation to the level of health care showed that respondents employed at the tertiary level of health care, have significantly better knowledge about the treatment of chronic wounds. We conclude that the assessment of knowledge is in a direct positive relationship with the level of health care

Perinatal and Maternal Outcomes in Tuzla Canton during 1992-1995 War in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Aim: To compare perinatal and maternal outcomes in Tuzla Canton during the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina with those before (1988-1991) and after (2000-2003) the war. Methods: We retrospectively collected data on a total of 59 707 liveborn infants and their mothers from the databases of Tuzla University Department for Gynecology and Obstetrics and Tuzla Institute for Public Health. Data on the number of live births, stillbirths, early neonatal deaths, causes of death, gestational age, and birth weights were collected. We also collected data on the number of medically unattended deliveries, examinations during pregnancy, preterm deliveries, and causes of maternal deaths. Perinatal and maternal outcomes were determined for each study period. Results: There were 23 194 live births in the prewar, 18 302 in the war, and 18 211 in the postwar period. Prewar perinatal mortality of 23.3 per 1000 live births increased to 25.8 per 1000 live births during the war (P<0.001), due to a significant increase in early neonatal mortality (10.3‰ before vs 15.1‰ after the war, P<0.001). After the war, both perinatal mortality (14.4‰) and early neonatal mortality (6.6‰) decreased (P<0.001 for both). The most frequent cause of early neonatal death during the war was prematurity (55.7%), with newborns most often dying within the first 24 hours after birth. During the war, there were more newborns with low birth weight (<2500 g), while term newborns had lower average body weight. Women underwent 2.4 examinations during pregnancy (5.4 before and 6.3 after the war, P<0.001 for both) and 75.9% had delivery attended by a health care professional (99.1% before and 99.8% after the war; P<0.001 for both). Maternal mortality rate of 65 per 100 000 deliveries during the war was significantly higher than that before (39 per 100 000 deliveries) and after (12 per 100 000 deliveries) the war (P<0.001 for both). Conclusion: Perinatal and maternal mortality in Tuzla Canton were significantly higher during the war, mainly due to lower adequacy and accessibility of perinatal and maternal health care

THE SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOL USE DISORDER IN THE AREA OF THE TUZLA CANTON - BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Background: Researches to date had indicated that socioeconomic status is a strong predictor of health behavior but also it has two-way effect with alcohol use disorder. This study examines social factors and their impact on alcohol use disorder and places individual alcohol use in the context of the status and conditions in which people live. To determine the distribution and characteristics of social factor in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) in the area of the Tuzla Canton (TC) in the period 01.01.2011 - 31.12.2015, in relation to: age, sex, marital status, level of education, municipality of residence, home ownership status, family structure, employment status, and monthly monetary income. Subject and methods: Retrospective research was conducted using a systematic sample of 1863 patients with AUD, using documentation from the Psychiatry clinic of the University Clinical Centre (UCC) and the protocols of Health Centres. Results: The sample was composed 1808 (97.05%) men and 55 (2.95%) women; the ratio of men to women was 33:1. the ages of the patients in the sample were 54.4±9.79 years - men 54.49±9.74 years; women 51.45±10.94 years. Most of the men in the sample were married (71.1%) and most of the women were widowed (54.5%). The largest number of patients had elementary school education (66.5%), were unemployed (56.8%), with a monthly monetary income less than 300 convertible marks (KM) (62.2%), owned their own home (78.2%), and 36.1% of them lived with a partner or their own children. Conclusions: There are significantly more men being treated for AUD; most of them are married, and most of the women are widowed. The largest number of patients treated for AUD have elementary school education, are unemployed, have monthly monetary income less than 300 km, own their own house, and a little more than one third of them lived with their partner or their own children

KNOWLEDGE OF NURSES/TECHNICIANS ON THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC WOUNDS IN RELATION TO THE LEVEL OF HEALTHCARE

It is estimated that 1 to 2% of the population in developed countries will experience a chronic wound during their lifetime. Nurses are leaders in applying innovations that can create positive results in preventing and treating chronic wounds in patients admitted to acute care hospitals. The aim of the research is to examine the knowledge of nurses-technicians about the knowledge of measures for the prevention and treatment of chronic wounds. In the research of knowledge on the treatment of chronic wounds, 349 respondents participated, employed at the primary and tertiary levels of health care. For the purposes of the research, the authors created a questionnaire based on a review of professional and scientific literature, as well as evidence in practice. The research was conducted through the Chamber of Nurses-Technicians of Sarajevo Canton and the Chamber of Tuzla Canton. Respondents from Sarajevo Canton worked significantly longer in practice, and 36.2% of respondents worked from 21 to 30 years, and 10.9% of respondents worked longer than 30 years, while among respondents from Tuzla Canton 34.8% of them, worked from 21 to 30 years and 9.9% worked for more than 30 years. 43.9% of respondents from Tuzla Canton and 39.6% of respondents from Sarajevo Canton had a certificate for the care of chronic wounds (X 2 = 9.077; p = 0.028). The assessment of knowledge is in a direct positive relationship with the level of health care (rho = 0.187; p = 0.001). Analysis of the knowledge in relation to the level of health care showed that respondents employed at the tertiary level of health care, have significantly better knowledge about the treatment of chronic wounds. We conclude that the assessment of knowledge is in a direct positive relationship with the level of health care