151,359 research outputs found
Context-Free Path Queries on RDF Graphs
Navigational graph queries are an important class of queries that canextract
implicit binary relations over the nodes of input graphs. Most of the
navigational query languages used in the RDF community, e.g. property paths in
W3C SPARQL 1.1 and nested regular expressions in nSPARQL, are based on the
regular expressions. It is known that regular expressions have limited
expressivity; for instance, some natural queries, like same generation-queries,
are not expressible with regular expressions. To overcome this limitation, in
this paper, we present cfSPARQL, an extension of SPARQL query language equipped
with context-free grammars. The cfSPARQL language is strictly more expressive
than property paths and nested expressions. The additional expressivity can be
used for modelling graph similarities, graph summarization and ontology
alignment. Despite the increasing expressivity, we show that cfSPARQL still
enjoys a low computational complexity and can be evaluated efficiently.Comment: 25 page
Towards Parameterized Regular Type Inference Using Set Constraints
We propose a method for inferring \emph{parameterized regular types} for
logic programs as solutions for systems of constraints over sets of finite
ground Herbrand terms (set constraint systems). Such parameterized regular
types generalize \emph{parametric} regular types by extending the scope of the
parameters in the type definitions so that such parameters can relate the types
of different predicates. We propose a number of enhancements to the procedure
for solving the constraint systems that improve the precision of the type
descriptions inferred. The resulting algorithm, together with a procedure to
establish a set constraint system from a logic program, yields a program
analysis that infers tighter safe approximations of the success types of the
program than previous comparable work, offering a new and useful efficiency vs.
precision trade-off. This is supported by experimental results, which show the
feasibility of our analysis
Hidden protocols: Modifying our expectations in an evolving world
When agents know a protocol, this leads them to have expectations about future observations. Agents can update their knowledge by matching their actual observations with the expected ones. They eliminate states where they do not match. In this paper, we study how agents perceive protocols that are not commonly known, and propose a semantics-driven logical framework to reason about knowledge in such scenarios. In particular, we introduce the notion of epistemic expectation models and a propositional dynamic logic-style epistemic logic for reasoning about knowledge via matching agentsÊ expectations to their observations. It is shown how epistemic expectation models can be obtained from epistemic protocols. Furthermore, a characterization is presented of the effective equivalence of epistemic protocols. We introduce a new logic that incorporates updates of protocols and that can model reasoning about knowledge and observations. Finally, the framework is extended to incorporate fact-changing actions, and a worked-out example is given. © 2013 Elsevier B.V
Algebraic optimization of recursive queries
Over the past few years, much attention has been paid to deductive databases. They offer a logic-based interface, and allow formulation of complex recursive queries. However, they do not offer appropriate update facilities, and do not support existing applications. To overcome these problems an SQL-like interface is required besides a logic-based interface.\ud
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In the PRISMA project we have developed a tightly-coupled distributed database, on a multiprocessor machine, with two user interfaces: SQL and PRISMAlog. Query optimization is localized in one component: the relational query optimizer. Therefore, we have defined an eXtended Relational Algebra that allows recursive query formulation and can also be used for expressing executable schedules, and we have developed algebraic optimization strategies for recursive queries. In this paper we describe an optimization strategy that rewrites regular (in the context of formal grammars) mutually recursive queries into standard Relational Algebra and transitive closure operations. We also describe how to push selections into the resulting transitive closure operations.\ud
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The reason we focus on algebraic optimization is that, in our opinion, the new generation of advanced database systems will be built starting from existing state-of-the-art relational technology, instead of building a completely new class of systems
Four Lessons in Versatility or How Query Languages Adapt to the Web
Exposing not only human-centered information, but machine-processable data on the Web is one of the commonalities of recent Web trends. It has enabled a new kind of applications and businesses where the data is used in ways not foreseen by the data providers. Yet this exposition has fractured the Web into islands of data, each in different Web formats: Some providers choose XML, others RDF, again others JSON or OWL, for their data, even in similar domains. This fracturing stifles innovation as application builders have to cope not only with one Web stack (e.g., XML technology) but with several ones, each of considerable complexity. With Xcerpt we have developed a rule- and pattern based query language that aims to give shield application builders from much of this complexity: In a single query language XML and RDF data can be accessed, processed, combined, and re-published. Though the need for combined access to XML and RDF data has been recognized in previous work (including the W3C’s GRDDL), our approach differs in four main aspects: (1) We provide a single language (rather than two separate or embedded languages), thus minimizing the conceptual overhead of dealing with disparate data formats. (2) Both the declarative (logic-based) and the operational semantics are unified in that they apply for querying XML and RDF in the same way. (3) We show that the resulting query language can be implemented reusing traditional database technology, if desirable. Nevertheless, we also give a unified evaluation approach based on interval labelings of graphs that is at least as fast as existing approaches for tree-shaped XML data, yet provides linear time and space querying also for many RDF graphs. We believe that Web query languages are the right tool for declarative data access in Web applications and that Xcerpt is a significant step towards a more convenient, yet highly efficient data access in a “Web of Data”
Inner products in integrable Richardson-Gaudin models
We present the inner products of eigenstates in integrable Richardson-Gaudin
models from two different perspectives and derive two classes of Gaudin-like
determinant expressions for such inner products. The requirement that one of
the states is on-shell arises naturally by demanding that a state has a dual
representation. By implicitly combining these different representations, inner
products can be recast as domain wall boundary partition functions. The
structure of all involved matrices in terms of Cauchy matrices is made explicit
and used to show how one of the classes returns the Slavnov determinant
formula. This framework provides a further connection between two different
approaches for integrable models, one in which everything is expressed in terms
of rapidities satisfying Bethe equations, and one in which everything is
expressed in terms of the eigenvalues of conserved charges, satisfying
quadratic equations.Comment: 21+16 pages, minor revisions compared to the previous versio
Adjoint orbits, generalised parallelisable spaces and consistent truncations
The aim of this note is to present some new explicit examples of
-generalised Leibniz parallelisable spaces arising as the normal
bundles of adjoint orbits of some semi-simple Lie group .
Using this construction, an explicit expression for a generalised frame is
given in the case when the orbits are regular, but subtleties arise when they
become degenerate. In the case of regular orbits, the resulting space is a
globally flat fiber bundle over which can be made compact,
allowing for a generalised Scherk-Schwartz reduction. This means these spaces
should admit consistent supergravity truncations. For degenerate orbits, the
procedure hinges on the existence of a suitable metric, allowing for a
consistent normalisation of the generalised frame.Comment: 10 pages; typos corrected, references adde
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