109,978 research outputs found
Fast Multi-Scale Community Detection based on Local Criteria within a Multi-Threaded Algorithm
Many systems can be described using graphs, or networks. Detecting
communities in these networks can provide information about the underlying
structure and functioning of the original systems. Yet this detection is a
complex task and a large amount of work was dedicated to it in the past decade.
One important feature is that communities can be found at several scales, or
levels of resolution, indicating several levels of organisations. Therefore
solutions to the community structure may not be unique. Also networks tend to
be large and hence require efficient processing. In this work, we present a new
algorithm for the fast detection of communities across scales using a local
criterion. We exploit the local aspect of the criterion to enable parallel
computation and improve the algorithm's efficiency further. The algorithm is
tested against large generated multi-scale networks and experiments demonstrate
its efficiency and accuracy.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1204.100
Accurator: Nichesourcing for Cultural Heritage
With more and more cultural heritage data being published online, their
usefulness in this open context depends on the quality and diversity of
descriptive metadata for collection objects. In many cases, existing metadata
is not adequate for a variety of retrieval and research tasks and more specific
annotations are necessary. However, eliciting such annotations is a challenge
since it often requires domain-specific knowledge. Where crowdsourcing can be
successfully used for eliciting simple annotations, identifying people with the
required expertise might prove troublesome for tasks requiring more complex or
domain-specific knowledge. Nichesourcing addresses this problem, by tapping
into the expert knowledge available in niche communities. This paper presents
Accurator, a methodology for conducting nichesourcing campaigns for cultural
heritage institutions, by addressing communities, organizing events and
tailoring a web-based annotation tool to a domain of choice. The contribution
of this paper is threefold: 1) a nichesourcing methodology, 2) an annotation
tool for experts and 3) validation of the methodology and tool in three case
studies. The three domains of the case studies are birds on art, bible prints
and fashion images. We compare the quality and quantity of obtained annotations
in the three case studies, showing that the nichesourcing methodology in
combination with the image annotation tool can be used to collect high quality
annotations in a variety of domains and annotation tasks. A user evaluation
indicates the tool is suited and usable for domain specific annotation tasks
Towards a classification framework for social machines
The state of the art in human interaction with computational systems blurs the line between computations performed by machine logic and algorithms, and those that result from input by humans, arising from their own psychological processes and life experience. Current socio-technical systems, known as ‘social machines’ exploit the large-scale interaction of humans with machines. Interactions that are motivated by numerous goals and purposes including financial gain, charitable aid, and simply for fun. In this paper we explore the landscape of social machines, both past and present, with the aim of defining an initial classificatory framework. Through a number of knowledge elicitation and refinement exercises we have identified the polyarchical relationship between infrastructure, social machines, and large-scale social initiatives. Our initial framework describes classification constructs in the areas of contributions, participants, and motivation. We present an initial characterization of some of the most popular social machines, as demonstration of the use of the identified constructs. We believe that it is important to undertake an analysis of the behaviour and phenomenology of social machines, and of their growth and evolution over time. Our future work will seek to elicit additional opinions, classifications and validation from a wider audience, to produce a comprehensive framework for the description, analysis and comparison of social machines
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