eSTIMe : une approche visuelle, interactive et modulable pour l'analyse multi-points de vue des mobilités quotidiennes

International audienceNous proposons un environnement de géovisualisation qui vise à accompa-gner l'analyse de la mobilité quotidienne selon trois points de vues : les déplacements et les flux, les trajectoires individuelles, et la dynamique de peuplement du territoire. Chacun de ces points de vue s'appuie sur la définition d'indicateurs spécifiques qui font l'objet de représentations visuelles innovantes. L'approche choisie pour favoriser l'analyse visuelle repose sur le concept de tableaux de bord modulables et mobilise des techniques issues du domaine de la visualisation et de l'interaction homme-machine. ABSTRACT. We propose a geovisualization environment to assist the analysis of daily mobility data focused on three standpoints: the flows and displacements, the individual trajectories, and the territory settlement dynamics. We derive specific indicators from the data to study these aspects, which we explore through synchronized novel visual representations displayed on analytic flexible dashboards. Our approach combines concepts and techniques from visualization and human-computer interaction domains. MOTS-CLÉS : mobilité quotidienne, géovisualisation, analyse geovisuelle, tableau de bord analytique, données spatio-temporelle

Contested Niche Innovations in Transport: Experiences from the Inter-comunal Bicycle Sharing System in Santiago de Chile, 2011-2017

Significant new technological developments in transport are already part of our urban landscape, helped by trends in the globalisation of economic activities. Acknowledging that technology is a facilitator of key changes in urban mobility, this thesis examines the institutional context in which a new transport technology is deployed, highlighting concerns not only about possible failures of an ‘enabling state’, but also about the ‘enabling environment’ as a central policy issue. This perspective provides a suitable space to further discuss the increasing governance hybridity in deploying new technologies in transport, acknowledging that the balance of power appears to be shifting. This research seeks to analyse the role of decision-making processes in triggering transformative adaptations that account for a mobility justice transition towards more equitable and inclusive mobility landscapes. Empirically, the thesis presents a case study promoting utility cycling via the deployment of an inter-comunal Bicycle Sharing Scheme, comprising 14 comunas in Santiago, Chile’s capital city, a fragmented metropolitan area with high socio-spatial inequalities. This research approach combines quantitative and qualitative methods of data gathering and analysis. A survey of 343 current bike-hire users at the busiest stations in order to gauge the perceived benefits of such deployment was complemented by interviews with key decision-makers and direct observations of operational logistics in the field. Business model innovation and public tendering processes provided valuable insights into the decision-making process as a subject of analysis. Findings suggest that a mobility justice transition is a relational matter. Indeed, inter-governmental agreements and collaborative actions were crucial in challenging patterns of socio-spatial inequality and proved to be a transformative strategy for change. However, prospects for a radical transition towards greater mobility justice are mixed. In conclusion, partnerships supporting niche-innovations operate within norms, values and practices, which are socially and culturally conditioned, and systematically shaped by the actions of society. Unfolding this rationale and ‘working through’ tensions and synergies towards the search for a common interest on the basis of transparency, collaboration, trust and deliberation, there is potential for setting out a mobility justice transition pathway