Modeling and Optimum Capacity Allocation of Micro-Grids Considering Economy and Reliability

This paper centers on the modeling and optimum capacity allocation of micro-grids capable of operating autonomously from (or in parallel with) an unreliable grid network. The aim is to estimate the monetary cost of reliable power served, considering the unreliable nature of electric power grid in the developing world. The micro-grid developed consists of the photovoltaic and wind energy conversion systems, the hybrid (super-capacitor/battery) storage and a power conversion system. The grid model utilized a probability-based prediction technique due to the random nature of grid network. The formulated optimization problem was solved using the hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Pattern Search (h-GAPS) based model. The problem objectives were considered in terms of monetary cost while constraining the micro-grid to reliably satisfy the power demand based on the proposed energy management strategy. The process was simulated for a telecommunication system load at Abuja (lat. 9.08°N, long. 7.53°E). The simulation results are presented and discussed