62,831 research outputs found
Towards a Distributed Quantum Computing Ecosystem
The Quantum Internet, by enabling quantum communications among remote quantum
nodes, is a network capable of supporting functionalities with no direct
counterpart in the classical world. Indeed, with the network and communications
functionalities provided by the Quantum Internet, remote quantum devices can
communicate and cooperate for solving challenging computational tasks by
adopting a distributed computing approach. The aim of this paper is to provide
the reader with an overview about the main challenges and open problems arising
with the design of a Distributed Quantum Computing ecosystem. For this, we
provide a survey, following a bottom-up approach, from a communications
engineering perspective. We start by introducing the Quantum Internet as the
fundamental underlying infrastructure of the Distributed Quantum Computing
ecosystem. Then we go further, by elaborating on a high-level system
abstraction of the Distributed Quantum Computing ecosystem. Such an abstraction
is described through a set of logical layers. Thereby, we clarify dependencies
among the aforementioned layers and, at the same time, a road-map emerges
Exploring More-Coherent Quantum Annealing
In the quest to reboot computing, quantum annealing (QA) is an interesting
candidate for a new capability. While it has not demonstrated an advantage over
classical computing on a real-world application, many important regions of the
QA design space have yet to be explored. In IARPA's Quantum Enhanced
Optimization (QEO) program, we have opened some new lines of inquiry to get to
the heart of QA, and are designing testbed superconducting circuits and
conducting key experiments. In this paper, we discuss recent experimental
progress related to one of the key design dimensions: qubit coherence. Using
MIT Lincoln Laboratory's qubit fabrication process and extending recent
progress in flux qubits, we are implementing and measuring QA-capable flux
qubits. Achieving high coherence in a QA context presents significant new
engineering challenges. We report on techniques and preliminary measurement
results addressing two of the challenges: crosstalk calibration and qubit
readout. This groundwork enables exploration of other promising features and
provides a path to understanding the physics and the viability of quantum
annealing as a computing resource.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. Accepted by the 2018 IEEE International
Conference on Rebooting Computing (ICRC
A Brief Review on Mathematical Tools Applicable to Quantum Computing for Modelling and Optimization Problems in Engineering
Since its emergence, quantum computing has enabled a wide spectrum of new possibilities and advantages, including its efficiency in accelerating computational processes exponentially. This has directed much research towards completely novel ways of solving a wide variety of engineering problems, especially through describing quantum versions of many mathematical tools such as Fourier and Laplace transforms, differential equations, systems of linear equations, and optimization techniques, among others. Exploration and development in this direction will revolutionize the world of engineering. In this manuscript, we review the state of the art of these emerging techniques from the perspective of quantum computer development and performance optimization, with a focus on the most common mathematical tools that support engineering applications. This review focuses on the application of these mathematical tools to quantum computer development and performance improvement/optimization. It also identifies the challenges and limitations related to the exploitation of quantum computing and outlines the main opportunities for future contributions. This review aims at offering a valuable reference for researchers in fields of engineering that are likely to turn to quantum computing for solutions. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-01-020 Full Text: PD
CMOS Quantum Computing: Toward A Quantum Computer System-on-Chip
Quantum computing is experiencing the transition from a scientific to an
engineering field with the promise to revolutionize an extensive range of
applications demanding high-performance computing. Many implementation
approaches have been pursued for quantum computing systems, where currently the
main streams can be identified based on superconducting, photonic, trapped-ion,
and semiconductor qubits. Semiconductor-based quantum computing, specifically
using CMOS technologies, is promising as it provides potential for the
integration of qubits with their control and readout circuits on a single chip.
This paves the way for the realization of a large-scale quantum computing
system for solving practical problems. In this paper, we present an overview
and future perspective of CMOS quantum computing, exploring developed
semiconductor qubit structures, quantum gates, as well as control and readout
circuits, with a focus on the promises and challenges of CMOS implementation
Microwaves in Quantum Computing
Quantum information processing systems rely on a broad range of microwave
technologies and have spurred development of microwave devices and methods in
new operating regimes. Here we review the use of microwave signals and systems
in quantum computing, with specific reference to three leading quantum
computing platforms: trapped atomic ion qubits, spin qubits in semiconductors,
and superconducting qubits. We highlight some key results and progress in
quantum computing achieved through the use of microwave systems, and discuss
how quantum computing applications have pushed the frontiers of microwave
technology in some areas. We also describe open microwave engineering
challenges for the construction of large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum
computers.Comment: Invited review article, to appear in IEEE Journal of Microwaves. 29
pages, 13 figures, to H
Hybrid classical-quantum computing: are we forgetting the classical part in the binomial?
The expectations arising from the latest achievements in the quantum
computing field are causing that researchers coming from classical artificial
intelligence to be fascinated by this new paradigm. In turn, quantum computing,
on the road towards usability, needs classical procedures. Hybridization is, in
these circumstances, an indispensable step but can also be seen as a promising
new avenue to get the most from both computational worlds. Nonetheless, hybrid
approaches have now and will have in the future many challenges to face, which,
if ignored, will threaten the viability or attractiveness of quantum computing
for real-world applications. To identify them and pose pertinent questions, a
proper characterization of the hybrid quantum computing field, and especially
hybrid solvers, is compulsory. With this motivation in mind, the main purpose
of this work is to propose a preliminary taxonomy for classifying hybrid
schemes, and bring to the fore some questions to stir up researchers minds
about the real challenges regarding the application of quantum computing.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure, paper accepted for being presented in the upcoming
IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering - IEEE QCE
202
Demonstration of Adiabatic Variational Quantum Computing with a Superconducting Quantum Coprocessor
Adiabatic quantum computing enables the preparation of many-body ground
states. This is key for applications in chemistry, materials science, and
beyond. Realisation poses major experimental challenges: Direct analog
implementation requires complex Hamiltonian engineering, while the digitised
version needs deep quantum gate circuits. To bypass these obstacles, we suggest
an adiabatic variational hybrid algorithm, which employs short quantum circuits
and provides a systematic quantum adiabatic optimisation of the circuit
parameters. The quantum adiabatic theorem promises not only the ground state
but also that the excited eigenstates can be found. We report the first
experimental demonstration that many-body eigenstates can be efficiently
prepared by an adiabatic variational algorithm assisted with a multi-qubit
superconducting coprocessor. We track the real-time evolution of the ground and
exited states of transverse-field Ising spins with a fidelity up that can reach
about 99%.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Towards Large-Scale Quantum Networks
The vision of a quantum internet is to fundamentally enhance Internet
technology by enabling quantum communication between any two points on Earth.
While the first realisations of small scale quantum networks are expected in
the near future, scaling such networks presents immense challenges to physics,
computer science and engineering. Here, we provide a gentle introduction to
quantum networking targeted at computer scientists, and survey the state of the
art. We proceed to discuss key challenges for computer science in order to make
such networks a reality.Comment: To be presented at the Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on
Nanoscale Computing and Communication, Dublin, Irelan
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