Examples of using laser scanning as a support for traditional measuring methods in hard coal mining

In recent years, the growing interest in new techniques for spatial data acquisition, processing and analysis has also found applications in surveying and geological departments, where it is used in the process of developing documentation. In the conditions of mining operations, surveying measurements must be carried out quickly, safely and with sufficient accuracy. The use of laser scanning allows the collection of a significant amount of data, which requires time-consuming processing, but is necessary for accurate modelling of objects in 3D. The legal basis for the use of laser scanning in mining is the acts that regulate activities in the field of surveying, geological survey documentation and technical standards for surveying. The process of implementing laser scanning in underground mining requires compliance with occupational safety regulations and technical standards, as well as proper training of personnel. The laser scanners used in practice are equipped with the SLAM algorithm, enabling precise measurement and point cloud generation. Appropriate software is crucial for processing and analysing the collected data. The use of laser scanning makes it possible to efficiently perform non-standard measurements, which contributes to streamlining work at mining facilities. However, to realize its full potential, it is necessary to train personnel and raise the level of use of this technology

The use of the open-source software QGIS for the assessment of the risk caused by mining the longwall face to buildings on the ground surface

The aim of our work is to present a variant analysis of the threat to buildings in the event of mining the underground coal seam using longwall face. QGIS, the currently open-source spatial information system, was used to assess the threat to buildings. The assessment consisted of comparing the hazard category of the mining area with the resistance category of the building. In the case of mines, an inventory of the resistance of buildings is carried out during the development of mining plans. The second important aspect of our work is the transition from traditional CAD technology to the use of GIS technology. The new technology makes it easier and quicker to carry out analyses such as the threat posed by mining to listed buildings. It helps to produce annexes to the mining plan, such as hazard maps for buildings and a table listing buildings at risk

Construction of the geological model of the “Knurów” deposit and its application to the exploitation design

The “Knurów” deposit is characterized by intense and rich fold and fault tectonics. The model of the “Knurów” deposit includes 11 seams belonging to the Orzesze, Ruda Śląska and Siodłowe layers. Each of these seams is recognized by boreholes, but also properly documented by mining, which greatly facilitates the modelling of its surface. The article addresses selected issues related to the construction of a three-dimensional model of the deposit. The method of modelling the surface of the terrain and the erosion surface of the Carboniferous is presented, which are used to calculate the location of subcrops of modelled seams and to predict the deformation of the terrain under the influence of mining. The general principles of fault modelling are presented, and so are ways of designing mining surfaces in longwalls passing through a fault. In the analysed deposit there are also seam splits. The article discusses the principles adopted for the development of the deposit model and its visualization, as well as the use of a dedicated algorithm for calculating the location of mining surfaces in such zones