71,560 research outputs found

    USSF CAPABILITY GAP IN THE ARCTIC

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    Includes Supplementary MaterialHow can the United States Army Special Operations Command (USASOC) influence Arctic policy, improve Arctic strategy, and optimize Arctic readiness in support of the 2022 National Defense Strategy and National Security Strategy, 2019 DOD Arctic Strategy, and the 2022 Army Arctic Strategy? As we shift focus from Global War on Terror to Strategic Competition, we find ourselves unprepared to compete in critical areas across a range of emerging competition zones, especially in the Arctic. SOF is often ahead of the larger military apparatus in innovation and development and as such must take an active role in defining its role and strategy in the Arctic. This recommended guidance would help address some of our primary findings: ● Arctic security and readiness require Special Operations support. ● Strategic leaders lack a clear understanding of SOF capabilities in the Arctic. ● USASOC units lack the manning, training, and equipping to campaign effectively in the Arctic and to successfully partner with our High North allies and our own indigenous Alaskans. Our findings underpin the recommendation for SOCOM and USASOC to publish Arctic strategies and guidance to ensure our units are better prepared to operate in Arctic environments.Major, United States ArmyMajor, United States ArmyMajor, United States ArmyApproved for public release. Distribution is unlimited

    Entrepreneurial Ventures and the Developmental State: Lessons from the Advanced Economies

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    A basic intellectual challenge for those concerned with the poverty of nations is to come to grips with the nature and causes of the wealth of the world?s wealthier nations. One might then be in a position to inform the poorer nations how they might achieve similar outcomes. This paper is organized around what I call ?the theory of innovative enterprise?, a perspective derived from the historical and comparative study of the development of the advanced economies. The theory of innovative enterprise provides the essential analytical link between entrepreneurship and development. Section 2 offers, as a point of departure, a contrast between entrepreneurship in rich and poor nations. Section 3 outlines the theory of the innovating firm in which entrepreneurship has a role to play. Section 4 identifies the roles of entrepreneurship in new firm formation in terms of the types of strategy, organization, and finance that innovation requires, and emphasizes the ?disappearance? of entrepreneurship with the growth of the firm. In Section 5 I argue that, in the advanced economies, successful entrepreneurship in knowledge intensive industries has depended heavily upon a combination of business allocation of resources to innovative investment strategies, and government investment in the knowledge base, state sponsored protection of markets and intellectual property rights, and state subsidies to support these business strategies. One cannot understand national economic development without understanding the role of the developmental state. At the same time, the specific agenda and ultimate success of the developmental state cannot be understood in abstraction from the dynamics of innovative enterprise. It is through the interaction of the innovative enterprise and the developmental state that entrepreneurial activity inserts itself into the economic system to contribute to the process of economic development.entrepreneurship, innovative enterprise, developmental state

    China's absorptive State: research, innovation and the prospects for China-UK collaboration

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    China's innovation system is advancing so rapidly in multiple directions that the UK needs to develop a more ambitious and tailored strategy, able to maximise opportunities and minimise risks across the diversity of its innovation links to China. For the UK, the choice is not whether to engage more deeply with the Chinese system, but how. This report analyses the policies, prospects and dilemmas for Chinese research and innovation over the next decade. It is designed to inform a more strategic approach to supporting China-UK collaboration

    Strategic decision process in SME’s context : a new perspective using indigenous, institution, firm, and environment characteristics

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    Purpose: This paper aimed to contribute to fill the gap of the strategic decision-making process framework in the context of an SME. Not only adds a new perspective in the strategic decision-making process framework, but also suggests new perspectives of firms, environment, institutions and indigenous characteristics as the new approach that magnifies strategic decision-making’s models with respect to SMEs’ scale. Design/methodology/approach: The purposive sampling method has been used in this study. First, we used the CEO as the respondent to fulfilll decision involvement criteria. Second, the samples were selected based on the criterion that the last project of this SME has finished in the last 3 years. Then we choose a project bidding decision from construction SMEs to minimize decision bias. Finally, from 4253 SMEs listed in Papua, we finished with 350 respondents. The study had collected 156 SME's project decisions. Findings: The Heuristic decision, that previously neglected because of information bias and short decision process, deemed to be the most profound dimension in strategic decision making and demonstrated significant results toward SMEs’ project performance. All variables, exclude institution, shows good and significant results. The research uses project decision in the construction industry as the main unit analysis. Practical implications: Exploring strategic decision-making theory in the SME context could convince SME’s CEO to evaluate its external factors before taking a project, processing all the information needed toward its project performance. Originality/value: This heuristic measurement scale is the first valid and reliable tool, based on several previous researches (Busenitz and Barney, 1997; Artinger et al., 2015), that could identify and measure the heuristic process in a strategic decision process.peer-reviewe

    The Bellagio Global Dialogues on Intellectual Property

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    Reviews Rockefeller's conference series on intellectual property and its efforts to promote policies and institutional capacities that better serve the poor, with a focus on food security and public health. Discusses global policy, development, and trade

    The 3G standard setting strategy and indigenous innovation policy in China is TD-SCDMA a flagship?

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    In the time of “network economy”, industries and the public have stressed several “battles for dominance” between two or more rival technologies, often involving well-known firms operating in highly visible industries. In this paper, we are going to focus on the Chinese self-developed standard TD-SCDMA to perceive the implication and target of the nation’s policy and strategy. The motivation of the research starts from the interesting fact we observed: TD-SCDMA is named as the Chinese made standard, however the Chinese hold core patent technology is still about 7%, while most of the rest part is still taken by other foreign companies. The “faultage” between the small share reality and a self made standard sweet dream implies a well plotted strategy. In order to understand it, we firstly raise the question of why the Chinese government postpones the 3G decision again and again. Then we go further to probe why the standard-setting of TD-SCDMA has aroused wide attention as a strategic tool to fulfill “indigenous innovation”, and finally becomes part of national science and technology policy to increase international competitiveness? We are going to use economics theories to understand the essence of the creation of TD-SCDMA, and its relation to China’s interests.3G, standard, innovation, China

    An integrated innovation model: how innovations are born and what are their impacts on firm performance?

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    The main objective of this paper is to present a comprehensive and integrated model of innovation at the firm level and to discuss the effects of firm characteristics on the innovativeness capabilities of companies. The results are based on an empirical survey covering 184 manufacturing firms in the Northern Marmara region within Turkey. In this study, first an integrated model of innovativeness is proposed. Later, the innovation determinants, especially firm characteristics, which have a significant role on innovation development success, are analyzed together with how innovativeness of firms influences their competitiveness and performance

    Perceptions of Intellectual Property:A Review

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    In “The right to good ideas: patents and the poor”, The Economist depicts two driving forces in the contemporary discourse on IP and globalization. The one is interested in advancing the knowledge economy, an approach based on the belief that knowledge is the driving factor behind economic growth. The other resides on a belief that IP is a major means to advance the process of globalization. While the former is strongly motivated by new economic growth theory, as for example advanced by Stanford professor Paul Romer, the latter is based on typical anti-globalization arguments, such as for example the position that the IP system helps multinational companies to build up monopolies to the detriment of the poor, drives small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and local business in developing countries out of business and increases prices for consumer products, be they pharmaceuticals or software. The purpose of this review is to help understand the current discourse on intellectual property, to grasp underlying themes, assumptions and connotations associated with the term “IP”, so as to identify paths leading to a more comprehensive understanding of IP and the opportunities and pitfalls it may provide

    Innovation determinants in manufacturing firms

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    In this paper the findings of an empirical study concerning the innovation determinants in manufacturing firms is presented. The empirical study covers 184 manufacturing firms located in the Northern Marmara region of Turkey. The types of innovation considered here are product, process, marketing and organizational innovations. An extensive literature survey on innovation determinants is provided. A model is proposed to explore the probable effects and the amount of contribution of the innovation determinants to firm’s innovativeness level. Among all possible determinants considered, intellectual capital has the highest impact on innovativeness followed by organization culture
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