7,278 research outputs found
UMSL Bulletin 2023-2024
The 2023-2024 Bulletin and Course Catalog for the University of Missouri St. Louis.https://irl.umsl.edu/bulletin/1088/thumbnail.jp
Introduction to Facial Micro Expressions Analysis Using Color and Depth Images: A Matlab Coding Approach (Second Edition, 2023)
The book attempts to introduce a gentle introduction to the field of Facial
Micro Expressions Recognition (FMER) using Color and Depth images, with the aid
of MATLAB programming environment. FMER is a subset of image processing and it
is a multidisciplinary topic to analysis. So, it requires familiarity with
other topics of Artifactual Intelligence (AI) such as machine learning, digital
image processing, psychology and more. So, it is a great opportunity to write a
book which covers all of these topics for beginner to professional readers in
the field of AI and even without having background of AI. Our goal is to
provide a standalone introduction in the field of MFER analysis in the form of
theorical descriptions for readers with no background in image processing with
reproducible Matlab practical examples. Also, we describe any basic definitions
for FMER analysis and MATLAB library which is used in the text, that helps
final reader to apply the experiments in the real-world applications. We
believe that this book is suitable for students, researchers, and professionals
alike, who need to develop practical skills, along with a basic understanding
of the field. We expect that, after reading this book, the reader feels
comfortable with different key stages such as color and depth image processing,
color and depth image representation, classification, machine learning, facial
micro-expressions recognition, feature extraction and dimensionality reduction.
The book attempts to introduce a gentle introduction to the field of Facial
Micro Expressions Recognition (FMER) using Color and Depth images, with the aid
of MATLAB programming environment.Comment: This is the second edition of the boo
Integrating materials supply in strategic mine planning of underground coal mines
In July 2005 the Australian Coal Industry’s Research Program (ACARP) commissioned Gary Gibson to identify constraints that would prevent development production rates from achieving full capacity. A “TOP 5” constraint was “The logistics of supply transport distribution and handling of roof support consumables is an issue at older extensive mines immediately while the achievement of higher development rates will compound this issue at most mines.” Then in 2020, Walker, Harvey, Baafi, Kiridena, and Porter were commissioned by ACARP to investigate Australian best practice and progress made since Gibson’s 2005 report. This report was titled: - “Benchmarking study in underground coal mining logistics.” It found that even though logistics continue to be recognised as a critical constraint across many operations particularly at a tactical / day to day level, no strategic thought had been given to logistics in underground coal mines, rather it was always assumed that logistics could keep up with any future planned design and productivity. This subsequently meant that without estimating the impact of any logistical constraint in a life of mine plan, the risk of overvaluing a mining operation is high.
This thesis attempts to rectify this shortfall and has developed a system to strategically identify logistics bottlenecks and the impacts that mine planning parameters might have on these at any point in time throughout a life of mine plan. By identifying any logistics constraints as early as possible, the best opportunity to rectify the problem at the least expense is realised. At the very worst if a logistics constraint was unsolvable then it could be understood, planned for, and reflected in the mine’s ongoing financial valuations. The system developed in this thesis, using a suite of unique algorithms, is designed to “bolt onto” existing mine plans in the XPAC mine scheduling software package, and identify at a strategic level the number of material delivery loads required to maintain planned productivity for a mining operation. Once an event was identified the system then drills down using FlexSim discrete event simulation to a tactical level to confirm the predicted impact and understand if a solution can be transferred back as a long-term solution. Most importantly the system developed in this thesis was designed to communicate to multiple non-technical stakeholders through simple graphical outputs if there is a risk to planned production levels due to a logistics constraint
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Noninvasive, low-cost RNA-sequencing enhances discovery potential of transcriptome studies
Transcriptome studies disentangle functional mechanisms of gene expression regulation and may lend key insights into disease mechanisms. However, the cost of RNA-sequencing and types of tissues currently assayed pose major limitations to study expansion and disease-relevant discovery. This thesis develops methods for sampling noninvasive biospecimens for transcriptome studies, investigating their technical and biological characteristics, and assessing the feasibility of using noninvasive samples in transcriptomic and clinical applications.
Chapter 1 explores the technical and biological features of four potential noninvasive sample types (buccal swabs, hair follicles, saliva, and urine cell pellets) in a pilot study of 19 individuals whereby four separate collections of each tissue were performed (i.e. 76 samples/tissue, 304 samples in total). From this data, consistency of library preparation, cell type content, replication of GTEx cis-eQTLs, and disease applications were assessed. In all, hair follicles and urine cell pellets were found to be most promising for future applications.
Chapter 2 investigates the scaling potential of noninvasive sampling in SPIROMICS, a COPD clinical cohort. To do so, 140 hair follicle and 110 buccal swab samples were collected from seven different clinical sites. Consistency of sample quality was observed to be high for hair follicles, and hair cell type abundance estimates were consistent within SPIROMICS and compared to the 19 subject pilot study. Mapping of cis-eQTLs in hair revealed 339 associations not identified in any prior study. These cis-eQTLs show higher replication in GTEx tissues that share cell types with hair follicles, indicating hair follicles may indeed capture gene expression regulatory mechanisms found in more invasive tissue types of the body.
This thesis suggests future use of noninvasive sampling will facilitate discovery by increasing sample sizes in more diverse populations and in tissues with greater cell type diversity and biological relatedness to disease mechanisms. Moreover, the nature of noninvasive sampling enables complex, longitudinal study designs with greater ability to capture context-dependent mechanisms of genetic regulation not currently able to be interrogated
The automatic processing of multiword expressions in Irish
It is well-documented that Multiword Expressions (MWEs) pose a unique challenge
to a variety of NLP tasks such as machine translation, parsing, information retrieval,
and more. For low-resource languages such as Irish, these challenges can be exacerbated by the scarcity of data, and a lack of research in this topic. In order to
improve handling of MWEs in various NLP tasks for Irish, this thesis will address
both the lack of resources specifically targeting MWEs in Irish, and examine how
these resources can be applied to said NLP tasks.
We report on the creation and analysis of a number of lexical resources as part
of this PhD research. Ilfhocail, a lexicon of Irish MWEs, is created through extract-
ing MWEs from other lexical resources such as dictionaries. A corpus annotated
with verbal MWEs in Irish is created for the inclusion of Irish in the PARSEME
Shared Task 1.2. Additionally, MWEs were tagged in a bilingual EN-GA corpus
for inclusion in experiments in machine translation. For the purposes of annotation, a categorisation scheme for nine categories of MWEs in Irish is created, based
on combining linguistic analysis on these types of constructions and cross-lingual
frameworks for defining MWEs.
A case study in applying MWEs to NLP tasks is undertaken, with the exploration of incorporating MWE information while training Neural Machine Translation
systems. Finally, the topic of automatic identification of Irish MWEs is explored,
documenting the training of a system capable of automatically identifying Irish
MWEs from a variety of categories, and the challenges associated with developing
such a system.
This research contributes towards a greater understanding of Irish MWEs and
their applications in NLP, and provides a foundation for future work in exploring
other methods for the automatic discovery and identification of Irish MWEs, and
further developing the MWE resources described above
The Complexity of Infinite-Horizon General-Sum Stochastic Games
We study the complexity of computing stationary Nash equilibrium (NE) in n-player infinite-horizon general-sum stochastic games. We focus on the problem of computing NE in such stochastic games when each player is restricted to choosing a stationary policy and rewards are discounted. First, we prove that computing such NE is in PPAD (in addition to clearly being PPAD-hard). Second, we consider turn-based specializations of such games where at each state there is at most a single player that can take actions and show that these (seemingly-simpler) games remain PPAD-hard. Third, we show that under further structural assumptions on the rewards computing NE in such turn-based games is possible in polynomial time. Towards achieving these results we establish structural facts about stochastic games of broader utility, including monotonicity of utilities under single-state single-action changes and reductions to settings where each player controls a single state
Segment Anything
We introduce the Segment Anything (SA) project: a new task, model, and
dataset for image segmentation. Using our efficient model in a data collection
loop, we built the largest segmentation dataset to date (by far), with over 1
billion masks on 11M licensed and privacy respecting images. The model is
designed and trained to be promptable, so it can transfer zero-shot to new
image distributions and tasks. We evaluate its capabilities on numerous tasks
and find that its zero-shot performance is impressive -- often competitive with
or even superior to prior fully supervised results. We are releasing the
Segment Anything Model (SAM) and corresponding dataset (SA-1B) of 1B masks and
11M images at https://segment-anything.com to foster research into foundation
models for computer vision.Comment: Project web-page: https://segment-anything.co
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