The Impact Of Reflexive Learning Strategy On Mathematics Achievement By First Intermediate Class Students And Their Attitudes Towards E-Learning

Reflected learning strategy has been identified as one of the modern strategies that contribute to the academic success of students in mathematics. With the increasing requirements and the global trend to modernize teaching methods, which focus on students and not the teacher, teachers pay great attention to the use of modern teaching methods and to find their impact on important variables. Therefore, the research aims to find the effect of a reflexive learning strategy on mathematics achievement by first-grade intermediate students and their attitudes towards e-learning in Baghdad. The research community consisted of first intermediate students for the first course for the academic year (2019-2020 AD), and the two researchers adopted the experimental research method, while the research sample was (50) students who were selected by random sample and divided into two groups, one experimental and the other control. The two tools that were used were the achievement test and a measure of the trend towards e-learning. The results indicated that there are statistically significant differences in academic achievement in favor of the experimental group, and students who studied the course through the strategy of reflexive learning were more effective and positive than those who studied by the traditional method, and within the experimental group there is a strong positive trend towards the use of e-learning in teaching

An investigation of the computer training needs of the teachers and students at teacher colleges in Saudi Arabia

Worldwide discussion has been initiated about the role of computers and information technology in schools. In Saudi Arabia, the introduction of computers into education institutes has been a feature of development planning since 1990, but many educationalists assert that the technology is underestimated and blame inadequate teacher preparation.The main purpose of this study was to investigate the computer experience, computer knowledge, computer training needs and attitude toward computers of Teacher College teaching staff and students in Saudi Arabia. It also examines the availability of human and physical resources for appropriate training in this area.The survey sample was 147 teaching staff and 472 students drawn from all departments and levels of study in five men's Teacher Colleges, one from each of the five regions of the country. In addition, a small number of policy- makers (e. g. college deans and ministry officials) were interviewed.Data were collected via a questionnaire survey, using an instrument adapted from Fodah (1990), containing multiple- choice questions on computer experience, knowledge and training needs, and a 5- part Likert-type attitude scale. Information on computer courses, resources and related policy were addressed by semi-structured interviews. Lack of access to computers, deficiencies in computer knowledge and low computer experience were found among staff and students. Lack of computer training appears to be one of the main causes of low utilization; inadequate material and human resources are another obstacle. Nevertheless, both groups had positive attitudes to computers.If Saudi Arabia is to keep abreast of the information revolution, Teacher Colleges need a high level of equipment and service infrastructure, and well-prepared computer teachers and staff capable of training their colleagues and students to integrate computers in teaching and learning

Using quick response code (QR) to access the educational material at the Saudi's iEN (National education portal website)

The study aimed to identify the use of Quick Response Code (QR) to access the educational for the "iEN" website, the national learning portal in Saudi Arabia. The research team applied the analytical survey method of the study using the primary tool (the questionnaire) to a sample of 911 students of both genders. The study found extensive and active use of secondary and middle school students in the Northern Border region in Saudi Arabia. The study came up with the following main recommendations: The need to periodically measure the quality of the iEN's website's electronic courses to identify and enhance their strengths, with the need to update the quality standards of electronic content provided through the E-learning "iEN" platform. It is also essential to gradually apply Quick Response Code in public education in Saudi Arabia, with the gradual dispensation of the traditional system in the educational process. There is a need to expand the dissemination of the culture of using Quick Response Code among all segments of society, including students and faculty, and directing them to benefit from the advantages of e-learning that respects quality standards

Attitude of Saudi Female Math Teachers toward Integrating E-learning in Teaching Math at High Schools in Saudi Arabia

Leaders in government and education have launched an extensive program to reform general education in Saudi Arabia. This initiative was designed to achieve many goals with a major emphasis being the enhancement of the Saudi curriculum to take advantage of the use of technology to improve education. A goal of this project was for e-learning to be a part of public education in an attempt to improve student learning and to make education accessible to all citizens.;This study was designed to examine high school female math teachers\u27 attitudes toward the use of e-learning in teaching mathematics in selected high schools in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. It also sought to determine the extent to which e-learning had been adopted in high schools. The study also examined the results to determine if there were any statistically significant differences in female math teachers\u27 attitudes toward e-learning based on the variables of academic degree, years of experience, computer course training, and computer lab availability.;A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to collect data on teacher attitudes toward the use of e-learning in education. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze much of the data generated from the questionnaire. Means, standard deviations, ranges, frequencies, percentages, and diagrams were used to compile and analyze the data. A t-test was used to test for statistically significant differences in teachers\u27 attitudes for the variables of academic degree, years of experience, computer course training, and computer lab availability.;The analysis of the responses to the questionnaire revealed that the female high school math teachers\u27 attitudes toward the use of e-learning were highly positive. The mean responses to the questionnaire items revealed that the teachers believed that e-learning made teaching more effective, more interesting, and enhanced the quality of teaching. There was general agreement that e-learning helped them meet the individual needs of the learners. The results of the study revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in teachers\u27 attitudes toward e-learning when examined for the variables of academic degree, years of teaching experience, computer course training, and computer lab availability. Recommendations were made for professional development, in-service training, technology integration, and logistics and infrastructure improvement

'Moral discipline', state power and surveillance : the rise and operation of CCTV surveillance in Riyadh

The employment of CCTV in contemporary control policy has produced various perspectives and debates in an attempt to understand this phenomenon. In non-western countries, however, there has to date been no academic writing on the topic of CCTV. This thesis aims to make a contribution to these debates by exploring this trend in Saudi Arabia (S.A.) by asking how the rise and use of CCTV cameras fits in with the existing theoretical literature. Moreover, this research seeks to identify and define the structure and operational practices within CCTV sites. With the introduction of CCTV in the process of social control, the research explores its mechanisms by outlining how operators and surveillance technology are organized to meet the requirements and the criteria of those parties who implement surveillance, and thereby to contribute to a better understanding of the employment of CCTV cameras in the Saudi context. It is argued that the employment of CCTV and its rise are attributable mainly to the aspiration of central political control, which has been shaped and formed by cultural values that are dominant in the Saudi society.Triangulation of research methods was adopted by using three instruments: documentary sources, observation and semi-structured interview.The findings show the dominance of the central structure of gaze in the current surveillance practices. Although the contemporary surveillance is carried out by various actors, the decentralized surveillance structure is reassembled by state authority for the purpose of strengthening the political control of the state. Moreover, due to the social and cultural characteristics of the Saudi society, the operation of CCTV and the process of targeting are shaped by moral principles and cultural values. Significantly, the present study emphasizes the persistence of 'moral surveillance' in both the operators‟ attitudes towards targeting and the operational process of CCTV cameras in public settings

Unmet goals of tracking: within-track heterogeneity of students' expectations for

Educational systems are often characterized by some form(s) of ability grouping, like tracking. Although substantial variation in the implementation of these practices exists, it is always the aim to improve teaching efficiency by creating homogeneous groups of students in terms of capabilities and performances as well as expected pathways. If students’ expected pathways (university, graduate school, or working) are in line with the goals of tracking, one might presume that these expectations are rather homogeneous within tracks and heterogeneous between tracks. In Flanders (the northern region of Belgium), the educational system consists of four tracks. Many students start out in the most prestigious, academic track. If they fail to gain the necessary credentials, they move to the less esteemed technical and vocational tracks. Therefore, the educational system has been called a 'cascade system'. We presume that this cascade system creates homogeneous expectations in the academic track, though heterogeneous expectations in the technical and vocational tracks. We use data from the International Study of City Youth (ISCY), gathered during the 2013-2014 school year from 2354 pupils of the tenth grade across 30 secondary schools in the city of Ghent, Flanders. Preliminary results suggest that the technical and vocational tracks show more heterogeneity in student’s expectations than the academic track. If tracking does not fulfill the desired goals in some tracks, tracking practices should be questioned as tracking occurs along social and ethnic lines, causing social inequality

Evaluating the Effectiveness of the E-learning Experience in Some Universities in Saudi Arabia from Male Students’ Perceptions

ABSTRACT This study applies social science methodology to the innovation of e-learning so that decision makers and other stakeholders can assess aspects of its effectiveness, to provide a more secure base for action. In this study, e-learning’s effectiveness was evaluated at two universities in Saudi Arabia, through male learners’ perceptions. Some account was taken of variables to assess statistically significant differences in their views. The data was collected by mixed methods: using a questionnaire from a sample of 300 learners and a focus group interview attended, later, by 21 learners. The findings showed that e-learners believe that they are able to learn autonomously using all features made available by the technology. They reported that they were motivated by the interactivity of e-learning and pursued their courses with intensity and success. There was positive agreement in all four dimensions considered by the research. Significant variables within this positive rating were previous e-learning experience and ICT skills. The study also collected learners' views about the positives and negatives of e-learning, its requirements and barriers, as well as learners' suggestions for the development of e-learning. Learners appreciated the opportunities offered by e-learning and the way it supported their studies, facilitating communication and accommodating their learning needs and circumstances. They recognised that it helped to meet an increased demand for learning. On the other hand, they noted some hazards to physical and social health and some confusion arising from the diversity of information accessible through ICT. They felt improvements could be made by planning, training and by specialized personnel. Most of the barriers they noted arose from infrastructural weaknesses and lack of acceptance of e-learning. Respondents said they were aware of financial constraints and of language barriers. Universities, working closely with communities and the private sector, could address many of these identified issues in products and infrastructure. This study concludes with some recommendations as well as suggestions for future research

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among 6-13 year old Kuwaiti school children: secular trends, risk factors and their implications

Evidence of childhood obesity as a strong predictor of risk of non-commnuicable diseases has been accumulating world wide over the last three decades. The focus of this study was to provide a cross-sectional picture of the influence of the demographic and epidemiological transition on health habits, lifestyle changes, dietary patterns and obesity risk among 6-13 year old Kuwaiti school children. A sample of 1536 Kuwaiti school children was recruited in 2001 through a multi-stage cluster and stratified sampling technique to investigate the impact of these environmental factors. The study design included administration of a structured and pretested socio-demographic, health habits and lifestyle questionnaire. Of these a sub-sample of 224 ramdomly selected subjects( >14% of total) (with a response rate of 86.6% n=194) undertook a 7-day dietary intake and physical activity record and anthropometric measurements. Some biochemical indices of nutritional risk were further assessed among 224 of eligible subjects (mean age 10.3± 2-4 yrs; response rate 50.9%,n =114)in 2003. Findings from this study confirm the presence of high income and increased food availability and choice the consequences of which included intake of high energy, high fat, sugar and salt-based diets (above recommended intakes) coupled with a sedentary lifestyle with low levels of daily total energy expenditure. Positive energy balance was confirmed by evidence of overweight and obesity (>65% above 85th percentile for BMI cut-off of 25k gm-2) with at least 21% obese (above 95h percentile i.e. BMI 30 kg/m2), increased ZSFT and increased WHR. Furthermore, biochemical evidence of the nutritional risk was found with high levels of serum fasting glucose, total triacylglycerols and total cholesterol levels associated with low HDL-c levels, the latter further supporting the notion that their levels of physical activity were low (mean physical activity level PAL of 1.29 ±0.13). The biochemical indices suggest that nearly 15% of subjects were at risk of the metabolic complications. These findings also evidenced by increasing trends of obesity over the last two decades in a similar age-matched cohort suggest the presence of a nutritional transition with potentially serious health consequences. This provides opportunities for action and implementation of new nutrition and public health actions to avert any health crisis in this population. A strategic framework for intervention involving school-based nutrition and health promotion, community, family and stakeholder participation and government policy reviews and interventions have been proposed as a medium to long term solution

Journal of Air Transportation, Volume 7, No. 3

No abstract availabl