Proceedings of the 7th Sound and Music Computing Conference

Proceedings of the SMC2010 - 7th Sound and Music Computing Conference, July 21st - July 24th 2010

Rethinking the risk matrix

So far risk has been mostly defined as the expected value of a loss, mathematically PL (being P the probability of an adverse event and L the loss incurred as a consequence of the adverse event). The so called risk matrix follows from such definition. This definition of risk is justified in a long term “managerial” perspective, in which it is conceivable to distribute the effects of an adverse event on a large number of subjects or a large number of recurrences. In other words, this definition is mostly justified on frequentist terms. Moreover, according to this definition, in two extreme situations (high-probability/low-consequence and low-probability/high-consequence), the estimated risk is low. This logic is against the principles of sustainability and continuous improvement, which should impose instead both a continuous search for lower probabilities of adverse events (higher and higher reliability) and a continuous search for lower impact of adverse events (in accordance with the fail-safe principle). In this work a different definition of risk is proposed, which stems from the idea of safeguard: (1Risk)=(1P)(1L). According to this definition, the risk levels can be considered low only when both the probability of the adverse event and the loss are small. Such perspective, in which the calculation of safeguard is privileged to the calculation of risk, would possibly avoid exposing the Society to catastrophic consequences, sometimes due to wrong or oversimplified use of probabilistic models. Therefore, it can be seen as the citizen’s perspective to the definition of risk

Knowledge acquisition and maritime logistics value : an inter-organisational relationship perspective

Maritime logistics value (i.e. improving operational efficiency and service effectiveness in maritime logistics) is one of the strategic goals that maritime operators (i.e. port operators, shipping lines and freight forwarders) want to achieve. Due to the lack of a systematic approach towards maritime logistics management, however, existing literature has yet to clearly define what strategic direction should be taken to accomplish such goals. This thesis proposes that a knowledge-based strategy is the most desirable alternative, having diagnosed its effectiveness in creating and sustaining maritime logistics value. The thesis consists of theoretical and empirical sections. The theoretical part reviews the work of maritime logistics and operators within the context of global logistics and strategic management theory (especially, knowledge-based and inter-organisational relationship perspectives). The theoretical review clarifies the strategic objective of maritime operators, and highlights the importance of a knowledge management strategy towards such a business goal. Based on the literature review, the research develops a conceptual framework that shows the positive relationship between knowledge acquisition and maritime logistics value, and the role of social network embeddedness in acquiring knowledge. The empirical work undertaken to examine the conceptual relationship adopts a qualitative approach: an explorative case study and a Delphi survey. The explorative case study utilises an interview method with a semi-structured questionnaire, and two rounds of the Delphi survey are then conducted by collecting data from a panel of experts in the field. The two research methods are applied to the maritime logistics industry in Korea, where the strategic significance of maritime logistics value becomes ever more obvious. The empirical findings indicate that maritime operators acquire useful knowledge through being embedded in social co-operative and co-opetitive networks, and the acquired knowledge helps them to maximise the maritime logistics value. The work presented hereafter provides a meaningful insight for managers, policy makers and academic researchers into the knowledge management strategy and effective administration of a maritime logistics system in the context of interorganisational relationship. However, this thesis has not examined the way to apply the acquired knowledge on an internal basis of an organisation, and focuses solely on a qualitative approach. It is suggested that a quantitative and in-depth discussion on the knowledge-based maritime logistics research within an intra-organisational level be made by linking maritime operators’ strategy with macro-issues in global supply chains

Knowledge and Management Models for Sustainable Growth

In the last years sustainability has become a topic of global concern and a key issue in the strategic agenda of both business organizations and public authorities and organisations. Significant changes in business landscape, the emergence of new technology, including social media, the pressure of new social concerns, have called into question established conceptualizations of competitiveness, wealth creation and growth. New and unaddressed set of issues regarding how private and public organisations manage and invest their resources to create sustainable value have brought to light. In particular the increasing focus on environmental and social themes has suggested new dimensions to be taken into account in the value creation dynamics, both at organisations and communities level. For companies the need of integrating corporate social and environmental responsibility issues into strategy and daily business operations, pose profound challenges, which, in turn, involve numerous processes and complex decisions influenced by many stakeholders. Facing these challenges calls for the creation, use and exploitation of new knowledge as well as the development of proper management models, approaches and tools aimed to contribute to the development and realization of environmentally and socially sustainable business strategies and practices

Improving compliance and enforcement of environmental regulation of the petroleum sector in Nigeria: The role of institutionalism

Regardless of the existence of a wide range of regulatory instruments and agencies, the petroleum sector has remained largely unregulated in Nigeria. The impact of lack of or weak regulation is seen in the increasing environmental degradation across the Nigerian environment and the increasing number of court cases on the subject matter. In querying the failure of the existing regulatory regime with particular reference to the petroleum sector, this thesis challenges the conventional scholarship which had hitherto concentrated on the development of enforcement of environmental regulation and ignoring the compliance aspect that can be adopted to create a balanced regulatory model that is capable of meeting the regulatory demands of the petroleum sector. This thesis argues that since law alone is not enough for a properly regulated petroleum sector, in order to achieve an effectively regulated sector, a better regulatory architecture that promotes innovative compliance and enforcement mechanisms can be institutionalised in the regulatory design of the Nigeran petroleum sector. In support of this, this thesis adopted a socio-legal analysis of the literature on compliance and enforcement strategies practiced at the international, regional and national levels of other jurisdictions and the role of the executive, legislature and the judiciary in institutionalising compliance and enforcement. This thesis demonstrates that a more cooperative system of regulation that emphasises a balanced compliance and enforcement model can produce the desired regulatory effect and secure a transformative development outcome that promotes sustainable development. This thesis also finds that addressing regulatory challenges like access rights, funding failures, technological advancement in petroleum operations, restructuring environmental courts systems, consolidation of regulatory legal instruments in the petroleum sector in Nigeria can bring the Nigerian regulatory regime at par with international best practices. As such this research recommends reforms which will encourage the development of compliance mechanisms that facilitate effective environmental regulation

Материалы 14-й Международной научно-технической конференции, 17-19 ноября 2021 года, Минск, Республика Беларусь

Издание включает материалы 14-й Международной научно-технической конференции «Приборостроение-2021» по направлениям: измерительные системы и приборы, технические средства безопасности; методы исследований и метрологическое обеспечение измерений; физические, физико-математические, материаловедческие и технологические основы приборостроения; оптико-электронные системы, лазерная техника и технологии. Материалы конференции могут представлять интерес для научных работников, преподавателей вузов, аспирантов и магистрантов, специалистов реального сектора экономики, занимающихся исследованиями, разработкой и производством приборов и измерительных систем