256 research outputs found

    _Risk and Responsibility in Context_

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    This volume bridges contemporary philosophical conceptions of risk and responsibility and offers an extensive examination of the topic. It shows that risk and responsibility combine in ways that give rise to new philosophical questions and problems. Philosophical interest in the relationship between risk and responsibility continues to rise, due in no small part to environmental crises, emerging technologies, legal developments, and new medical advances. Despite such interest, scholars are still working out how to conceive of the links between risk and responsibility, the implications that risks may have to conceptions of responsibility (and vice versa), as well as how such theorizing might play out in applied cases. With contributions from leading scholars, this volume brings together new work examining the interplay between risk and responsibility, exploring its varied philosophical aspects and applications to contemporary issues in law, bioethics, technology, and environmental ethics. Risk and Responsibility in Context will be of interest to philosophers working in ethics, bioethics, philosophy of law, and philosophy of technology, as well as scholars and practitioners in law, health and science management, public policy, and environmental studies

    A Discourse-Analytic Approach to the Study of Information Disorders: How Online Communities Legitimate Social Bonds When Communing Around Misinformation and Disinformation

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    Information disorders have become prevalent concerns in current social media research. This thesis is focused on the interpersonal dimension of information disorders, in other words, how we can trace, through linguistic and multimodal analysis, the social bonding that occurs when online communities commune around misinformation and disinformation, and how these social bonds are legitimated to enhance perceived credibility. Social bonding in this thesis refers to a social semiotic perspective on the shared values that communities use to construe alignment with others. False information can spread when groups have a shared vested interest, and so information disorders need to be elucidated through an investigation of sociality and bonding, rather than via logical points alone. The term ‘information disorder’ encompasses the spectrum of false information ranging from misinformation (misleading content) to disinformation (deliberately false content), and it is within this landscape of information disorders that this thesis emerges. Two key forms of social semiotic discourse analysis were applied to a dataset of YouTube videos (n=30) and comments (n=1500): affiliation (analysis of social bonding) and legitimation (analysis of resources used to construct legitimacy). The dataset constituted two contrasting case studies. The first was non-politically motivated misinformation in the form of an internet hoax leveraging moral panic about children using technologies. The second was politically motivated conspiracy theories relating to the Notre Dame Cathedral fire. The key findings of this thesis include the multimodal congruence of affiliation and legitimation across YouTube videos, the emergence of technological authority as a key legitimation strategy in online discourse, and the notion of textual personae investigating the complex array of identities that engage with information disorders in comment threads. Additionally, six macro-categories were identified regarding communicative strategies derived from comment threads: scepticism, criticism, education and expertise, nationalism, hate speech, and storytelling and conspiracy. This shows not only how information disorders are spread, but also how they can be countered. The method outlined in this thesis can be applied to future interdisciplinary analyses of political propaganda and current global concerns to develop linguistic and multimodal profiles of various communities engaging with information disorders

    Risk and Responsibility in Context

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    UIDB/00183/2020 UIDP/00183/2020This volume bridges contemporary philosophical conceptions of risk and responsibility and offers an extensive examination of the topic. It shows that risk and responsibility combine in ways that give rise to new philosophical questions and problems. Philosophical interest in the relationship between risk and responsibility continues to rise, due in no small part to environmental crises, emerging technologies, legal developments, and new medical advances. Despite such interest, scholars are still working out how to conceive of the links between risk and responsibility, the implications that risks may have to conceptions of responsibility (and vice versa), as well as how such theorizing might play out in applied cases. With contributions from leading scholars, this volume brings together new work examining the interplay between risk and responsibility, exploring its varied philosophical aspects and applications to contemporary issues in law, bioethics, technology, and environmental ethics. Risk and Responsibility in Context will be of interest to philosophers working in ethics, bioethics, philosophy of law, and philosophy of technology, as well as scholars and practitioners in law, health and science management, public policy, and environmental studies. The Open Access version of this book is available at www.taylorfrancis.com. This publication is licensed, unless otherwise indicated, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate any modifications. Use for commercial purposes is not permitted.publishersversionpublishe

    "And who has never really believed in Jesus?": Catholicism in Jack Kerouac's Lowell novels

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    Elektroniskā versija nesatur pielikumusDoktora disertācija “Un kurš gan patiesībā nekad nav ticējis Jēzum?”: Katolicisms Džeka Keruaka Louelas romānos ir pirmais mēģinājums Keruaka pētniecības laukā sistematizēt Romas katolicisma teoloģiskās kategorijas viņa literārajos darbos. Tās mērķis ir aptvert un izprast Džeka Keruaka Louelas romānos atspoguļotā katolicisma mērogu un tā mācības sapratnes dziļumu. Analizētie reliģiskie jēdzieni un teksta fragmenti tika izvēlēti induktīvi padziļinātas lasīšanas rezultātā, izmantojot kvalitatīvas kontentanalīzes metodi. Šāda pieeja dod iespēju iegūt izsmeļošu ieskatu par Dieva izpratni un katolicismu Louelas romānos. Tā arī atklāj katolicisma nozīmību un autentiski vēsturisko klātbūtni Amerikas imigrantu kopienās. Atslēgas vārdi: Džeks Keruaks, Bīta paaudze, Katolicisms, Louelas romāni, 20. gs. amerikāņu reliģiozitāte, katoļu dievbijība, kvalitatīva kontentanalīzeThe doctoral thesis “And who has never really believed in Jesus?”: Jack Kerouac’s Catholicism in Lowell novels is the first attempt in Kerouac’s research to systematize Catholic theological categories in his literary works. It aims to apprehend the scope and depth of traditional Roman Catholicism portrayed in Kerouac’s Lowell novels. The religious terms and text fragments for the analysis of the text were selected inductively using the qualitative content analysis method. Such an approach helps to obtain a comprehensive understanding of God and the portrayal of Catholicism in Lowell novels. It also illustrates Catholicism’s importance and presence in French-Canadian immigrant communities in America. Keywords: Jack Kerouac, Beat Generation, Catholicism, Lowell novels, 20th-century American religiosity, Catholic devotion, qualitative content analysi

    The Politics of Becoming:Anonymity and Democracy in the Digital Age

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    3-я Міжнародна конференція зі сталого майбутнього: екологічні, технологічні, соціальні та економічні аспекти (ICSF 2022) 24-27 травня 2022 року, м. Кривий Ріг, Україна

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    Матеріали 3-ої Міжнародної конференції зі сталого майбутнього: екологічні, технологічні, соціальні та економічні аспекти (ICSF 2022) 24-27 травня 2022 року, м. Кривий Ріг, Україна.Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Futures: Environmental, Technological, Social and Economic Matters (ICSF 2022) 24-27 May 2022, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine

    Reddit, The Manosphere and The Male Complaint

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    This thesis examines the connective tissue that binds individuals together in the 'manosphere' - a collective of online platforms and forums devoted to men's interests, life philosophies and anti-feminist ideology. Members of the manosphere have been involved in misogynistic and violent harassment campaigns and attacks, including several terrorist incidents. Motivated by concerns over this violence, alongside interest in growing debate about masculinity in modern society and politics, this thesis seeks to understand how the manosphere arose, why men participate, and what it provides for individuals. Using a combination of large-scale data analysis alongside in-depth qualitative readings of content, I study three manosphere communities on the social news and networking site Reddit. Inspired by Lauren Berlant's ground-breaking book The Female Complaint, I identify the manosphere as a mass-cultural intimate public - a space characterised by a belief that individuals already share a worldview, emotional knowledge and common historical experience. This intimate public is situated within and influenced by the network society, a post-Fordist economic structure in which social functions and processes are organised primarily around networks. The manosphere enacts a belief that men's lives are not just their own, but an experience shared by other men. Individuals bind over an attachment to white heteronormative ideals of love and a complaint about the failures of said love, alongside men's broader position in society - The Male Complaint. While not necessarily rational or well founded, this complaint provides an affective pull for men, binding them together through a collective identity as injured subjects. Drawing on Wendy Brown's analysis of ressentiment and nihilism, alongside Berlant's notion of Cruel Optimism, the thesis then examines the consequences of this complaint for participants and society more broadly. Specifically, I conduct the first usage of social network analysis (SNA) on the manosphere on Reddit to explore the structure of community within and whether it achieves the promises made by the network society. Through charting the manosphere as an affective space of attachment and identification, this thesis provides a unique entry point into the space. The thesis chronicles it not as a new aberration, but instead part of an ongoing historical current. This provides a strong basis through which to understand the connective tissue that attaches men to the manosphere, the social and economic structures that have led to its rise, and the nature of the misogyny within

    Jolly Fellows

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    “Jolly fellows,” a term that gained currency in the nineteenth century, referred to those men whose more colorful antics included brawling, heavy drinking, gambling, and playing pranks. Reforms, especially the temperance movement, stigmatized such behavior, but pockets of jolly fellowship continued to flourish throughout the country. Richard Stott scrutinizes and analyzes this behavior to appreciate its origins and meaning. Stott finds that male behavior could be strikingly similar in diverse locales, from taverns and boardinghouses to college campuses and sporting events. He explores the permissive attitudes that thrived in such male domains as the streets of New York City, California during the gold rush, and the Pennsylvania oil fields, arguing that such places had an important influence on American society and culture. Stott recounts how the cattle and mining towns of the American West emerged as centers of resistance to Victorian propriety. It was here that unrestrained male behavior lasted the longest, before being replaced with a new convention that equated manliness with sobriety and self-control.Even as the number of jolly fellows dwindled, jolly themes flowed into American popular culture through minstrelsy, dime novels, and comic strips. Jolly Fellows proposes a new interpretation of nineteenth-century American culture and society and will inform future work on masculinity during this period

    Nerd Ecology: Defending the Earth with Unpopular Culture

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    This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. Drawing on a wide range of examples from literature, comics, film, television and digital media, Nerd Ecology is the first substantial ecocritical study of nerd culture’s engagement with environmental issues. Exploring such works as Star Trek, Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings, The Matrix, Joss Whedon’s Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Firefly, the fiction of Thomas Pynchon, The Hunger Games, and superhero comics such as Green Lantern and X-Men, Anthony Lioi maps out the development of nerd culture and its intersections with the most fundamental ecocritical themes. In this way Lioi finds in the narratives of unpopular culture - narratives in which marginalised individuals and communities unite to save the planet - the building blocks of a new environmental politics in tune with the concerns of contemporary ecocritical theory and practice
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