367,979 research outputs found
Video-Based Stylized Rendering using Frame Difference
In this paper, we suggest video based stylized rendering using frame difference. Stylized rendering using video frame has a temporal problem that occurs a difference between the previous and current frame. To reduce the temporal problem, we generate reference maps using temporal frame difference in correction and rendering steps. A correction method using reference maps can be reduced flickering effect caused by frame difference between the previous and current frame. We use a background map, an average map, and a quadtree-based summed area table as reference maps. Among these reference maps, the method using quadtree based summed area table can completely remove a flickering and popping effect. Also, a post-blurring method using bilateral filtering can be represented smooth, stylized rendering by removing unnecessary noise. Suggested stylized rendering system can be used in various fields such as visual art, advertisement, game and movie for stylized image contents generation
Search for pulsars in an area with coordinates 3h < \alpha < 4h and +21o < \delta < +42o
On the Large Phased Array (LPA) of Lebedev Physics Institute (LPI), a search
for pulsars outside the Galaxy plane was carried out in a 300 sq. deg area. The
search with a sensitivity 5-10 times better than that of previously conducted
surveys was at a frequency of 111 MHz. The search was carried out in the summed
power spectra. With an accumulation equivalent to 100 hours of continuous
observations for each point of the area, 5 known pulsars were detected with a
signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) from 20 to 1300 in the first harmonic of the
spectrum. Average profiles were obtained for the detected pulsars. Estimates of
the peak and integral flux densities of the found pulsars are given for
individual sessions and for the power spectra summarized over 5.5 years,
obtained using the developed method based on measurements of the height of
harmonics in the power spectrum. No new pulsars have been detected in the area.
Apparently, when searching for pulsars in the area, we have approached the
lower limit of the luminosity of the second pulsars. The completeness of the
survey is at the level of 0.5 mJy.Comment: published in Astronomy Reports, translated by Yandex translator with
correction of scientific lexis, 7 pages, 3 figures, 2 table
Marlborough, Nelson and Tasman RegionsāA Socio-Demographic Profile 1986-2061
A Socio-Demographic Profile for Marlborough, Nelson and Tasman Regions
Boosting BCG with recombinant modified vaccinia ankara expressing antigen 85A: Different boosting intervals and implications for efficacy trials
Objectives. To investigate the safety and immunogenicity of boosting BCG with modified vaccinia Ankara expressing antigen
85A (MVA85A), shortly after BCG vaccination, and to compare this first with the immunogenicity of BCG vaccination alone and
second with a previous clinical trial where MVA85A was administered more than 10 years after BCG vaccination. Design. There
are two clinical trials reported here: a Phase I observational trial with MVA85A; and a Phase IV observational trial with BCG.
These clinical trials were all conducted in the UK in healthy, HIV negative, BCG naıĀØve adults. Subjects were vaccinated with BCG
alone; or BCG and then subsequently boosted with MVA85A four weeks later (short interval). The outcome measures, safety
and immunogenicity, were monitored for six months. The immunogenicity results from this short interval BCG primeāMVA85A
boost trial were compared first with the BCG alone trial and second with a previous clinical trial where MVA85A vaccination
was administered many years after vaccination with BCG. Results. MVA85A was safe and highly immunogenic when
administered to subjects who had recently received BCG vaccination. When the short interval trial data presented here were
compared with the previous long interval trial data, there were no significant differences in the magnitude of immune
responses generated when MVA85A was administered shortly after, or many years after BCG vaccination. Conclusions. The
clinical trial data presented here provides further evidence of the ability of MVA85A to boost BCG primed immune responses.
This boosting potential is not influenced by the time interval between prior BCG vaccination and boosting with MVA85A. These
findings have important implications for the design of efficacy trials with MVA85A. Boosting BCG induced anti-mycobacterial
immunity in either infancy or adolescence are both potential applications for this vaccine, given the immunological data
presented here. Trial Registration. ClinicalTrials.Oxford University was the sponsor for all the clinical trials reported here
Developing alternatives for optimal representation of seafloor habitats and associated communities in Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary
The implementation of various types of marine protected areas is one of several management tools available for conserving representative examples of the biological
diversity within marine ecosystems in general and National Marine Sanctuaries in particular. However, deciding where and how many sites to establish within a given area
is frequently hampered by incomplete knowledge of the distribution of organisms and an understanding of the potential tradeoffs that would allow planners to address frequently competing interests in an objective manner. Fortunately, this is beginning to change. Recent studies on the continental shelf of the northeastern United States suggest that substrate and water mass characteristics are highly correlated with the composition of benthic communities and may therefore, serve as proxies for the distribution of biological biodiversity. A detailed geo-referenced interpretative map of major sediment types
within Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (SBNMS) has recently been developed, and computer-aided decision support tools have reached new levels of sophistication. We demonstrate the use of simulated annealing, a type of mathematical optimization, to identify suites of potential conservation sites within SBNMS that equally represent 1) all major sediment types and 2) derived habitat types based on both sediment and depth in the smallest amount of space. The Sanctuary was divided into 3610 0.5 min2 sampling units. Simulations incorporated constraints on the physical dispersion of sampling units to varying degrees such that solutions included between one and four site clusters. Target representation goals were set at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 percent of each sediment type, and 10 and 20 percent of each habitat type. Simulations consisted of 100 runs, from which we identified the best solution (i.e., smallest total area) and four nearoptimal alternates. We also plotted total instances in which each sampling unit occurred in solution sets of the 100 runs as a means of gauging the variety of spatial configurations available under each scenario. Results suggested that the total combined area needed to represent each of the sediment types in equal proportions was equal to the percent representation level sought. Slightly larger areas were required to represent all habitat types at the same representation levels. Total boundary length increased in direct proportion to the number of sites at all levels of representation for simulations involving sediment and habitat classes, but increased more rapidly with number of sites at higher
representation levels. There were a large number of alternate spatial configurations at all representation levels, although generally fewer among one and two versus three- and four-site solutions. These differences were less pronounced among simulations targeting habitat representation, suggesting that a similar degree of flexibility is inherent in the spatial arrangement of potential protected area systems containing one versus several sites for similar levels of habitat representation. We attribute these results to the distribution of sediment and depth zones within the Sanctuary, and to the fact that even levels of representation were sought in each scenario. (PDF contains 33 pages.
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