The Tiger Vol. 104 Issue 3 2010-01-29

https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/tiger_newspaper/2350/thumbnail.jp

A CORPUS STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ADJECTIVE PHRASE IN FRENCH CHILDREN

In this thesis I attempt to answer three questions: H1) Do children use proportionally more prenominal or post-nominal placement of adjectives than adults? H2) Are children more conservative or more creative in their behavior in alternating prenominal and post-nominal placement of adjectives? H3) If colored terms are more frequent in child speech will they pattern more like prenominal adjectives or more like post nominal adjectives, as in adult speech? To do this, I examine two general semantic viewpoints, opting to use Scontras & Goodman (2017) subjectivity hypothesis. Next, I provide a general overview of First Language Acquisition research and then I turn to specifics of French adjective semantics and syntax, paying particular attention to factors that influence the preferential placement of an individual adjective. I next turn to some psychological factors, making certain types of adjectives especially difficult or easy to learn. I conclude by extending the work of Fox (2012). All this information is to provide the reader theoretical background to understand children’s adjective placement. The real answers come through a corpus investigation of how French children are treating adjectives in the earliest stages of development. Methodologically I answer my three questions by using three corpora from the CHILDES database (MacWhinney 2000). I also create an adult control group from a spoken French corpus. I run mixed effects models to project the behavior of adjectives past the sampling age using R. In the end, I discover that children are more conservative at this early stage. This can be seen by the greater number of post-nominal adjectives. I define conservative behavior as sticking more closely to either position (prenominal or post-nominal) than adults. For example, if a child uses an adjective more closely to 100% prenominal or 0% prenominal than adults, the child is being more conservative than an adult. I also find that children use proportionally more color terms than adults and are more creative with some common color terms. Size and color terms were found to be quickly learned

Mirror - Vol. 34, No. 23 - March 26, 2009

[PLEASE NOTE: The second page of this issue is The Morron, the April\u27s Fool\u27s Issue of The Mirror. The actual issue of The Mirror continues following the second page.] The Mirror (sometimes called the Fairfield Mirror) is the official student newspaper of Fairfield University, and is published weekly during the academic year (September - May). It runs from 1977 - the present; current issues are available online.https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/archives-mirror/1765/thumbnail.jp

Rethinking Pedagogy: Exploring the Potential of Digital Technology in Achieving Quality Education

(First Paragraph) The Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development (MGIEP) is UNESCO’s Category 1 education Institute in the Asia-Pacific region devoted to education for peace and sustainable development, as enshrined in SDG Target 4.7. UNESCO MGIEP promotes the use of digital learning platforms where teachers and students can co-create and share a highly interactive learning experience. With the rise of the internet, there has been a proliferation of online content and digital resources intended to support teaching and learning, albeit widely varying in quality. Digital education media and resources, if carefully designed and implemented, have a significant potential to be mobilized on a massive scale to support transformative learning for building sustainable, flourishing societies

Canadian Regulatory Standards and Governance of Children’s Advertising Practices

Entrenched in signifying practices, advertising is more than a brand selling its products or services to an audience; it is an indication of wider social and cultural structures, relationships, and processes. For children, advertising has invariably deep consequences, in that its ubiquity can form the social contours of childhood and act as a site for broad cultural negotiations. Through a historical survey of children’s cultural sentimentalization and the simultaneous formation of their hypercommercialized media environment, this thesis is attentive to the role that Canadian public policy and legislation play in regulating child-directed commercial messaging, and how this governance fundamentally shapes, and is shaped by, discursive tropes of the child consumer. Emphasis is placed on investigating how boundaries of contemporary product placement regimes are set, as they operate across both broadcast television and streaming services in Canada. This research also contemplates a more general inquiry into policies pertaining to the food and beverage industry. As the Canadian media landscape is the focus of this research, Advertising Standards Canada (“ASC”) and the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (“CRTC”) are examined to highlight the complicated and political nature of policy-making. Doing so acknowledges the ways in which institutions draw on social categories, resources, and meanings, which simultaneously mould the individual and their relationship with the state. Competing jurisdictions, namely the British and American industries, are used as points of comparison

Evaluation of Correlation Functions in Integrable Quantum Field Theories

The aim of this thesis is to explore correlation functions in two dimensional quantum field theories in two distinct ways. In part I a new method for calculating the differential equations parametrising the correlation functions of twist fields associated with the U (1) symmetry of the Dirac model is presented. While developing this method a new family of descendent twist fields are identified and their form factors calculated. This provides a novel way of calculating the vacuum expectation values of the primary twist fields and is shown to be entirely consistent with known results. The method of calculating the correlation functions of twist fields provides a parametrisation of several other correlation functions for various quantum states. Since this method relies on the Ward identities found in a double copy model it is hoped to have wider applications in other free fermion models. Part II concerns the truncated conformal space approach which has been developed to approximate perturbed conformal field theories. In this part the theory underpinning the approach is discussed and a working algorithm is developed for both bulk and boundary perturbed minimal models. The energy levels, mass gaps and one point functions of various models are computed using the truncated conformal space approach and are shown to be in good agreement with previous calculations. A possible method for using this approach to approximate two point functions in perturbed conformal field theories is discussed

AI in search of unfairness in consumer contracts : the terms of service landscape

Published online: 18 July 2022This article explores the potential of artificial intelligence for identifying cases where digital vendors fail to comply with legal obligations, an endeavour that can generate insights about business practices. While heated regulatory debates about online platforms and AI are currently ongoing, we can look to existing horizontal norms, especially concerning the fairness of standard terms, which can serve as a benchmark against which to assess business-to-consumer practices in light of European Union law. We argue that such an assessment can to a certain extent be automated; we thus present an AI system for the automatic detection of unfair terms in business-to-consumer contracts, a system developed as part of the CLAUDETTE project. On the basis of the dataset prepared in this project, we lay out the landscape of contract terms used in different digital consumer markets and theorize their categories, with a focus on five categories of clauses concerning (i) the limitation of liability, (ii) unilateral changes to the contract and/or service, (iii) unilateral termination of the contract, (iv) content removal, and (v) arbitration. In so doing, the paper provides empirical support for the broader claim that AI systems for the automated analysis of textual documents can offer valuable insights into the practices of online vendors and can also provide valuable help in their legal qualification. We argue that the role of technology in protecting consumers in the digital economy is critical and not sufficiently reflected in EU legislative debates.Francesca Lagioia has been supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Project “CompuLaw” (Grant Agreement No 833647) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, and by the SCUDO project, within the POR-FESR 2014-2020 programme of Regione Toscana. Agnieszka Jabłonowska has been supported by the National Science Center in Poland (Grant Agreement UMO-2019/35/B/HS5/04444). This work has been supported by the Claudette (CLAUseDETecTEr) project, funded by the Research Council of the European University Institute and from the Bureau Européen des Unions de Consommateurs (BEUC)

Extracting more wisdom from the crowd

Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 129-140).In many situations, from economists predicting unemployment rates to chemists estimating fuel safety, individuals have differing opinions or predictions. We consider the wisdom-of-the-crowd problem of aggregating the judgments of multiple individuals on a single question, when no outside information about their competence is available. Many standard methods select the most popular answer, after correcting for variations in confidence. Using a formal model, we prove that any such method can fail even if based on perfect Bayesian estimates of individual confidence, or, more generally, on Bayesian posterior probabilities. Our model suggests a new method for aggregating opinions: select the answer that is more popular than people predict. We derive theoretical conditions under which this new method is guaranteed to work, and generalize it to questions with more than two possible answers. We conduct empirical tests in which respondents are asked for both their own answer to some question and their prediction about the distribution of answers given by other people, and show that our new method outperforms majority and confidence-weighted voting in a range of domains including geography and trivia questions, laypeople and professionals judging art prices, and dermatologists evaluating skin lesions. We develop and evaluate a probabilistic generative model for crowd wisdom, including applying it across questions to determine individual respondent expertise and comparing it to various Bayesian hierarchical models. We extend our new crowd wisdom method to operate on domains where the answer space is unknown in advance, by having respondents predict the most common answers given by others, and discuss performance on a cognitive reflection test as a case study of this extension.by John Patrick McCoy.Ph. D

1999 Bluestone

The Bluestone is the yearbook of James Madison University.https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/allyearbooks/1092/thumbnail.jp