Spacelab Science Results Study

Beginning with OSTA-1 in November 1981 and ending with Neurolab in March 1998, a total of 36 Shuttle missions carried various Spacelab components such as the Spacelab module, pallet, instrument pointing system, or mission peculiar experiment support structure. The experiments carried out during these flights included astrophysics, solar physics, plasma physics, atmospheric science, Earth observations, and a wide range of microgravity experiments in life sciences, biotechnology, materials science, and fluid physics which includes combustion and critical point phenomena. In all, some 764 experiments were conducted by investigators from the U.S., Europe, and Japan. The purpose of this Spacelab Science Results Study is to document the contributions made in each of the major research areas by giving a brief synopsis of the more significant experiments and an extensive list of the publications that were produced. We have also endeavored to show how these results impacted the existing body of knowledge, where they have spawned new fields, and if appropriate, where the knowledge they produced has been applied

Bibliography of Lewis Research Center technical publications announced in 1984

This compilation of abstracts describes and indexes the technical reporting that resulted from the scientific and engineering work performed and managed by the Lewis Research Center in 1984. All the publications were announced in the 1984 issues of STAR (Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports) and/or IAA (International Aerospace Abstracts). Included are research reports, journal articles, conference presentations, patents and patent applications, and theses

The HBP1 tumor suppressor is a negative epigenetic regulator of MYCN driven neuroblastoma through interaction with the PRC2 complex

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Simulation of Forced Convection Frost Formation in Microtubule Bundles at Ultra-Low Temperature

Hypersonic vehicles are an important area of research in the aerospace field today. One of the important issues is the power of the engine. In order to achieve large-span flight speeds, a more efficient approach is to use combined power systems. However, the problem of pre-cooler icing can occur in combined engine applications. The flow in the pre-cooler is extremely complex. Outside the tube is the high-temperature wet air entering from the engine intake, and the tube cooling is the ultra-low temperature cooling medium. Icing not only increases the heat exchange resistance of the pre-cooler during operation and affects the heat exchange performance of the pre-cooler, but also causes a large total pressure loss, resulting in a degradation of the engine performance. There is a lack of research on the icing law of the pre-cooler under different parameters. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a corresponding numerical calculation study on pre-cooler icing and explore the influence of various influencing factors on icing. In this paper, a mathematical model of icing (frost) is established for the frosting phenomenon that may occur during the operation of the pre-cooler. Additionally, the principle of heat and mass transfer in the icing process is described by the mathematical model, and the influence of different parameters on the frosting parameters is explored by using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The law of tube bundle icing under different parameters was calculated, and the variation laws of frost layer morphology and wet air pressure drop were obtained. The laws of tube bundle icing under different parameters were calculated, and the changes in frost layer pattern and wet air pressure drop when each parameter was changed, which can provide guidance for the design and application of pre-coolers in the future

Quantification de la microstructure de la moelle épinière humaine par IRM et application chez des patients avec sclérose en plaques

Les pathologies degeneratives de la moelle epiniere sont encore aujourd'hui mal diagnostiquees et laissent les patients dans un etat de souffrance et de doute. L'imagerie par resonance magnetique (IRM) permet d'obtenir des informations quantitatives sur la microstructure de la matiere blanche. Nous avons demontre la faisabilité d'estimer la densite et le diametre des axones dans la moelle epiniere humaine en utilisant une IRM unique au monde installee a Boston, le "scanner Connectom", capable d'atteindre des gradients de champ magnetique de r@@mT/m. Cependant cette methode ne donne qu'une information partielle de la microstructure de la matiere blanche et ne tient pas compte de la gaine de myeline entourant les axones. Cette gaine de myeline permet d'assurer une bonne conductivite des axones et peut degenerer dans certaines pathologies comme la sclerose en plaques. Nos collaborateurs de l'université McGill ont proposé de combiner cette technique avec l'IRM quantitative de la myeline afin de mesurer son g-ratio, ou ratio du diametre interne sur externe de la myeline. Durant cette these, j’ai mis en place les techniques d’IRM de la microstructure, j’ai valide ces methodes en utilisant l’histologie a large champ de vue, puis je les ai appliquees chez des patients avec sclerose en plaques pour une application clinique.----------ABSTRACT Degenerative pathologies of the spinal cord are still difficult to diagnose today, leaving patients in a state of constant suffering and constant doubt about their future. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can gather quantitative information about the white matter microstructure by playing on the phase and relaxation of the spins. Using a unique MRI system capable of magnetic gradients of r@@mT/m, the “Connectom scanner”, we showed that neuronal fibers (axons) density and diameter can be measured in the human spinal cord in vivo using diffusion MRI. Although very informative, this method only provides a partial description of the tissue and no direct information about the myelin sheath that surrounds the axons is extracted. The myelin sheath improves the speed and frequency of action potentials that are transmitted through the axons, and an alteration of myelin integrity leads to paralysis in diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Our collaborators at McGill University proposed to combine the diffusion technique with quantitative myelin imaging technique in order to measure the thickness of the myelin sheath. In this thesis, I developed quantitative MRI techniques in the spinal cord, I validated these methods using large-scale histology, and I applied them on patients with multiple sclerosis