13,216 research outputs found
Clustering Algorithms for Scale-free Networks and Applications to Cloud Resource Management
In this paper we introduce algorithms for the construction of scale-free
networks and for clustering around the nerve centers, nodes with a high
connectivity in a scale-free networks. We argue that such overlay networks
could support self-organization in a complex system like a cloud computing
infrastructure and allow the implementation of optimal resource management
policies.Comment: 14 pages, 8 Figurs, Journa
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Multimedia delivery in the future internet
The term “Networked Media” implies that all kinds of media including text, image, 3D graphics, audio
and video are produced, distributed, shared, managed and consumed on-line through various networks,
like the Internet, Fiber, WiFi, WiMAX, GPRS, 3G and so on, in a convergent manner [1]. This white
paper is the contribution of the Media Delivery Platform (MDP) cluster and aims to cover the Networked
challenges of the Networked Media in the transition to the Future of the Internet.
Internet has evolved and changed the way we work and live. End users of the Internet have been confronted
with a bewildering range of media, services and applications and of technological innovations concerning
media formats, wireless networks, terminal types and capabilities. And there is little evidence that the pace
of this innovation is slowing. Today, over one billion of users access the Internet on regular basis, more
than 100 million users have downloaded at least one (multi)media file and over 47 millions of them do so
regularly, searching in more than 160 Exabytes1 of content. In the near future these numbers are expected
to exponentially rise. It is expected that the Internet content will be increased by at least a factor of 6, rising
to more than 990 Exabytes before 2012, fuelled mainly by the users themselves. Moreover, it is envisaged
that in a near- to mid-term future, the Internet will provide the means to share and distribute (new)
multimedia content and services with superior quality and striking flexibility, in a trusted and personalized
way, improving citizens’ quality of life, working conditions, edutainment and safety.
In this evolving environment, new transport protocols, new multimedia encoding schemes, cross-layer inthe
network adaptation, machine-to-machine communication (including RFIDs), rich 3D content as well as
community networks and the use of peer-to-peer (P2P) overlays are expected to generate new models of
interaction and cooperation, and be able to support enhanced perceived quality-of-experience (PQoE) and
innovative applications “on the move”, like virtual collaboration environments, personalised services/
media, virtual sport groups, on-line gaming, edutainment. In this context, the interaction with content
combined with interactive/multimedia search capabilities across distributed repositories, opportunistic P2P
networks and the dynamic adaptation to the characteristics of diverse mobile terminals are expected to
contribute towards such a vision.
Based on work that has taken place in a number of EC co-funded projects, in Framework Program 6 (FP6)
and Framework Program 7 (FP7), a group of experts and technology visionaries have voluntarily
contributed in this white paper aiming to describe the status, the state-of-the art, the challenges and the way
ahead in the area of Content Aware media delivery platforms
A Survey on Wireless Sensor Network Security
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have recently attracted a lot of interest in
the research community due their wide range of applications. Due to distributed
nature of these networks and their deployment in remote areas, these networks
are vulnerable to numerous security threats that can adversely affect their
proper functioning. This problem is more critical if the network is deployed
for some mission-critical applications such as in a tactical battlefield.
Random failure of nodes is also very likely in real-life deployment scenarios.
Due to resource constraints in the sensor nodes, traditional security
mechanisms with large overhead of computation and communication are infeasible
in WSNs. Security in sensor networks is, therefore, a particularly challenging
task. This paper discusses the current state of the art in security mechanisms
for WSNs. Various types of attacks are discussed and their countermeasures
presented. A brief discussion on the future direction of research in WSN
security is also included.Comment: 24 pages, 4 figures, 2 table
InterCloud: Utility-Oriented Federation of Cloud Computing Environments for Scaling of Application Services
Cloud computing providers have setup several data centers at different
geographical locations over the Internet in order to optimally serve needs of
their customers around the world. However, existing systems do not support
mechanisms and policies for dynamically coordinating load distribution among
different Cloud-based data centers in order to determine optimal location for
hosting application services to achieve reasonable QoS levels. Further, the
Cloud computing providers are unable to predict geographic distribution of
users consuming their services, hence the load coordination must happen
automatically, and distribution of services must change in response to changes
in the load. To counter this problem, we advocate creation of federated Cloud
computing environment (InterCloud) that facilitates just-in-time,
opportunistic, and scalable provisioning of application services, consistently
achieving QoS targets under variable workload, resource and network conditions.
The overall goal is to create a computing environment that supports dynamic
expansion or contraction of capabilities (VMs, services, storage, and database)
for handling sudden variations in service demands.
This paper presents vision, challenges, and architectural elements of
InterCloud for utility-oriented federation of Cloud computing environments. The
proposed InterCloud environment supports scaling of applications across
multiple vendor clouds. We have validated our approach by conducting a set of
rigorous performance evaluation study using the CloudSim toolkit. The results
demonstrate that federated Cloud computing model has immense potential as it
offers significant performance gains as regards to response time and cost
saving under dynamic workload scenarios.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, conference pape
A Hierarchical Framework of Cloud Resource Allocation and Power Management Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Automatic decision-making approaches, such as reinforcement learning (RL),
have been applied to (partially) solve the resource allocation problem
adaptively in the cloud computing system. However, a complete cloud resource
allocation framework exhibits high dimensions in state and action spaces, which
prohibit the usefulness of traditional RL techniques. In addition, high power
consumption has become one of the critical concerns in design and control of
cloud computing systems, which degrades system reliability and increases
cooling cost. An effective dynamic power management (DPM) policy should
minimize power consumption while maintaining performance degradation within an
acceptable level. Thus, a joint virtual machine (VM) resource allocation and
power management framework is critical to the overall cloud computing system.
Moreover, novel solution framework is necessary to address the even higher
dimensions in state and action spaces. In this paper, we propose a novel
hierarchical framework for solving the overall resource allocation and power
management problem in cloud computing systems. The proposed hierarchical
framework comprises a global tier for VM resource allocation to the servers and
a local tier for distributed power management of local servers. The emerging
deep reinforcement learning (DRL) technique, which can deal with complicated
control problems with large state space, is adopted to solve the global tier
problem. Furthermore, an autoencoder and a novel weight sharing structure are
adopted to handle the high-dimensional state space and accelerate the
convergence speed. On the other hand, the local tier of distributed server
power managements comprises an LSTM based workload predictor and a model-free
RL based power manager, operating in a distributed manner.Comment: accepted by 37th IEEE International Conference on Distributed
Computing (ICDCS 2017
Optimal Networks from Error Correcting Codes
To address growth challenges facing large Data Centers and supercomputing
clusters a new construction is presented for scalable, high throughput, low
latency networks. The resulting networks require 1.5-5 times fewer switches,
2-6 times fewer cables, have 1.2-2 times lower latency and correspondingly
lower congestion and packet losses than the best present or proposed networks
providing the same number of ports at the same total bisection. These advantage
ratios increase with network size. The key new ingredient is the exact
equivalence discovered between the problem of maximizing network bisection for
large classes of practically interesting Cayley graphs and the problem of
maximizing codeword distance for linear error correcting codes. Resulting
translation recipe converts existent optimal error correcting codes into
optimal throughput networks.Comment: 14 pages, accepted at ANCS 2013 conferenc
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