Research on supply chain partner selection and task allocation based on fuzzy theory under an uncertain environment

Nowadays the enterprises pay the closer attention to the relationship among suppliers, manufacturers and distributors due to the global competitive market economy. And they manage the supply chain through establishing strategic cooperative partnership, which can greatly enhance the competitive advantage and obtain greater overall profits. In this paper, the fuzzy theory is applied to study the supply chain partner selection and the task coarse allocation problem in under multi-attribute fuzzy comprehensive decision-making and fuzzy constraints. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive decision of supply chain network structure was verified through the case of Shaoxing textile.Hoy en día las empresas prestan más atención a la relación entre proveedores, fabricantes y distribuidores debido a la competitiva economía de mercado global. Y manejan la cadena de suministro a través del establecimiento de una asociación estratégica de cooperación, que puede mejorar en gran medida la ventaja competitiva y obtener mayores beneficios en general. En este artículo, la teoría difusa se aplica para estudiar la selección de socios de la cadena de suministro y el problema de asignación de tareas gruesas en la toma de decisiones globales difusas de múltiples atributo y las restricciones difusas. Por último, la decisión global difusa de la estructura de la red de la cadena de suministro se verificó a través del caso de Shaoxing textil

Formalisation and use of competencies for industrial performance optimisation : a survey.

For many years, industrial performance has been implicitly considered as deriving from the optimisation of technological and material resources (machines, inventories,...), made possible by centralized organisations. The topical requirements for reactive and flexible industrial systems have progressively reintroduced the human workforce as the main source of industrial performance. Making this paradigm operational requires the identification and careful formalisation of the link between human resource and industrial performance, through concepts like skills, competencies or know-how. This paper provides a general survey of the formalisation and integration of competence-oriented concepts within enterprise information systems and decision systems, aiming at providing new methods and tools for performance management

Three Essays on the Risk Management of Logistics Finance

중국은 이미 세계에서 주요 생산국과 소비국 중의 하나가 되었다. 2016년 등록한 기업이 하루 평균 15,000개 정도로서 중국 경제의 빠른 발전에 기여했다. 또 한편으로는 중소기업의 금융문제는 갈수록 어려워지고 있다. 이와 같은 문제는 중소기업에 도덕적 리스크, 정보비대칭, 영업익스포져 등 의 요소가 존재하기 때문에 은행의 중소기업에 대한 신용평가가 높지 않기 때문이다. 게다가 대출 절차가 갈수록 복잡해지고 은행이 수익을 얻기가 어려워져 중소기업도 대출을 받기가 힘들고 투자 환경이 어려워지고 있다. 이런 상황에서 물류금융이 새로운 금융방식으로서 나타났다. 물류금융은 물류산업의 세 당사자 - 중소기업, 은행 및 물류기업 - 에게 효과적인 금융플랫폼을 제공할 수 있다. 물류금융은 중소기업의 금융문제를 해결할 뿐만 아니라 은행과 물류기업에게 새로운 이윤창출 방식을 제공할 수 있을 것이다. 이에 따라 세 당사자에게 모두 이익을 가져다 줄 가능성을 가져왔다. 그러나 한편으로는 새로운 리스크도 함께 왔다. 물류금융에서 발생하는 리스크문제를 해결하기 위한 방안을 찾기 위해 이 논문은 세가지 관점에서 연구를 진행해 세 개의 에세이로 분석했다. 첫 번째, 게임이론을 바탕으로 물류금융의 신용리스크 관리를 연구한다. (EssayⅠ) 첫 번째 에세이에서는 먼저 은행 및 물류기업이 직면한 신용리스크를 분석한다. 다음으로 게임이론을 이용하여 은행과 중소기업 간의 관계를 분석하고, 물류기업을 도입해서 세 당사자 간의 게임적인 방식을 분석한다. 이를 통해 은행이 감독하는 확률, 중소기업의 신뢰도의 확률 및 물류기업이 계약을 이행하는 확률을 찾아 신용리스크의 이론적인 근거를 제시한다. 중소기업과 물류기업의 신용불안요소 및 위약요소를 찾는 과정에서 아래와 같은 정책을 제언했다. 1. 은행과 물류기업이 중소기업 신용관리 플랫폼을 설리하고 모든 정보를 공유한다. 2. 은행과 물류기업의 협력관계를 강화해야 한다. 3. 은행이 고객의 재무자료 데이터뱅크 시스템을 완성시키고 감독비용을 최소화 시킨다. 4. 물류기업과 중소기업의 감독관리를 강화하고 중소기업 신용불량 상황의 발생을 최소화시킨다. 두 번째, 통합신용보장방식에 있어 은행의 물류기업 리스크 평가 모델을 설정한다. (Essay II) 두 번째 에세이에서는 먼저 통합신용보장방식에서 은행이 직면하는 리스크를 변별하고 다음으로 기업의 재무지표를 활용하여 요인분석모델을 설정한다. 물류기업 금융리스크의 주요 지표를 분석하고 물류기업의 금융리스크를 계량화 분석한다. 통합신용보장방식에서 은행의 기업 선택표준을 제공한다. 물류기업의 금융리스크는 주로 경영현황, 부채상환 능력, 수익성, 성장성 등에서 비롯된다. 이 논문은 통합신용보장방식에서 은행에게 기업의 선택표준을 제공하며 이를 통해 은행의 물류기업에 대한 심사효율성과 신뢰성을 향상시킬 수 있다. 이 논문은 은행이 물류기업의 담보계좌(担保账户)를 설립하고 물류기업의 재무 분석 플랫폼을 구축해야 한다고 제안한다. 그리고 상장한 물류기업의 연도 보고서를 충실히 작성하고, 은행의 기업관리기관, 세무기관 간의 소통체계를 강화해야 하고 물류기업의 재무리스크 관리를 강화해야 한다. 그리고 물류기업의 거래대금에 대한 관리를 강화해야 한다. 세 번째, 통합신용보장방식에서 물류기업의 중소기업 선택방법을 연구한다. (Essay III) 세 번째 에세이에서는 먼저 물류기업이 직면한 리스크를 변별하고, AHP과 LP기법을 활용하여, 창고의 한정량과 대출한도를 제약조건으로 하는 물류기업의 중소기업에 대한 적정 대출 규모 모델을 설정한다. 그 결과 물류기업의 이윤 극대화를 보장하기 위하여 아래와 같이 몇 가지 제안을 한다. 1. 물류기업 창고의 한정량에 대한 경보시스템을 구축하고 담보물의 저장 공간을 확보해야 한다. 2. 담보물에 대한 평가체계를 완성하고 물류기업 담보물가치의 적절성을 확보해야 한다. 3. 중소기업에 대한 신용평가 플랫폼을 구축하고 물류기업 대출의 안전성을 확보해야 한다. 위 내용을 전체적으로 보면 이 논문은 물류금융의 리스크 관리상에 세 가지 문제를 연구했다. 그리고 물류금융리스크의 관리에 대해 전략적인 제안을 제시했다. 이와 같이 보완된 물류금융은 중국경제를 지속적으로 발전시킬 수 있다고 예측한다.Korean Abstract viii INTRODUCTION: General Remarks & Literature Review 1 1.1 Background and Objective 1 1.2 Scope and Methodology of the Study 5 1.3 Structure and Contents 6 1.4 Literature Review 8 1.4.1 The Theoretical Study of Logistics Finance 8 1.4.2 Study of Logistics Finance Risk Management 13 ESSAY I: The Credit Risk Management of Three Parties in Logistics Finance-Using Game Theory 17 1. Introduction 17 1.1 Background and Objective 17 1.2 Scope and Methodology of the Study 18 1.2.1 Scope of the Study 18 1.2.2 Methodology of the Study 18 1.3 Structure and Contents 21 1.4 Literature Review 22 2. Identification of Logistics Financial Credit Risk 25 2.1 Relationship among the Three Principal Delegates 25 2.2 Identification of Credit Risk 26 2.2.1 The Credit Risk of Bank 26 2.2.2 The Credit Risk of Logistics Company 27 2.2.3 The Cause of the Credit Risk 27 3. Game Analysis 30 3.1 Game Analysis between Banks and SMEs 30 3.1.1 Hypothesis 31 3.1.2 Model Building 32 3.1.3 Model Solving 33 3.2 Tripartite Game Model 35 3.2.1 Model Hypothesis 35 3.2.2 Model Building 38 3.2.3 Model Solving 39 4. Policy Implication 45 5. Summary of Essay I 45 ESSAY II: The Risk Management of Bank Selecting Logistics Company Under Unified Credit Guarantee Mode 47 1. Introduction 47 1.1 Background and Objective 47 1.2 Scope and Methodology of the Study 48 1.2.1 Scope of the Study 48 1.2.2 Methodology of the Study 49 1.3 Structure and Contents 51 1.4 Literature Review 52 2. The Risk of Banks under Unified Guarantee Credit Mode 55 2.1. Operational Process of Unified Guarantee Credit Mode 55 2.2. The Risk of Bank under Unified Guarantee Credit Mode 56 3. Index Establishment 57 3.1 Bank Assessment Contents 57 3.2 Establishment of Financial Index System 59 3.3 Explanation of Data Indicators 61 4. Factor Analysis 70 4.1 Data Collect 70 4.2 Model Building 70 4.3 Model Solving 72 4.4 Model Comprehensive Evaluation 75 5. Policy Implication 76 6. Summary of Essay II 77 ESSAY III: The Risk Management of Logistics Company Selecting SME Under Unified Credit Guarantee Mode 79 1. Introduction 79 1.1 Background and Objective 79 1.2 Scope and Methodology of the Study 79 1.2.1 Scope of the Study 79 1.2.2 Methodology of the Study 80 1.3 Structure and Contents 84 1.4 Literature Review 85 2. Risk Identification of Logistics Company 88 2.1 Credit Risk from SME 89 2.2 Risks from Mortgage 89 2.3 Risks of Internal 90 2.4 Risks from External 90 3. Model Building and Solving 90 3.1 AHP Analysis 90 3.1.1 Analytic Hierarchy Chart of SME's Risk Assessment 90 3.1.2 Hypothesis 92 3.2 LP Analysis 96 3.2.1 The Establishment of Objective Function 96 3.2.2 Restrictions 97 3.2.3 Model Calculating 98 4. Policy Implication 99 5. Summary of Essay III 100 Summary and Conclusion 102 1.1 Summary of Research 102 1.2 Conclusion of Research 105 1.3 Research Prospects in the Future 108 Reference 110 Acknowledgment 118Docto

Contextualisation of the complexity in the selection of developing country outsourcees by developed country outsourcers

© 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Outsourcing research has recognised that selecting the right offshore supplier (outsourcee) in low-cost distant developing countries is complex, but central to outsourcing success. More specifically, the combination of outsourcee contextual internal factors (e.g. capabilities) with outsourced-to country contextual external factors (e.g. political, legal, economic, socio-cultural) as two fundamental and interconnected decisions firms make when outsourcing remains an underexplored research gap. Therefore, through a rigorous three-tier qualitative approach we, firstly, develop a contextual Environmental Separation Index (ESI) decision tool to help outsourcing firms in making more informed decisions when selecting outsourcees and outsourcing locations. Secondly, we operationalise the ESI as intuitive and easy to use decision tool, yet with a provision to deliver a truly context proof outsourcee selection decision. Thirdly, we adopt a complexity theory lens to explain that narrowing the contextual outsourcer–outsourcee gap facilitates a mind-set shift in outsourcing relationships from hierarchies to networks and from controlling to empowering developing country outsourcees. We show from a complexity theory perspective how contextual separation gaps between developed country outsourcers and developing country outsourcees can be an effective way to grasp the evolutionary path of outsourcing relationships

Partner selection in virtual enterprises

Tese de doutoramento. Engenharia Industrial e Gestão. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 200

An integrated approach to value chain analysis of end of life aircraft treatment

Dans cette thèse, on propose une approche holistique pour l’analyse, la modélisation et l’optimisation des performances de la chaîne de valeur pour le traitement des avions en fin de vie (FdV). Les recherches réalisées ont débouché sur onze importantes contributions. Dans la première contribution, on traite du contexte, de la complexité, de la diversité et des défis du recyclage d’avions en FdV. La seconde contribution traite du problème de la prédiction du nombre de retraits d’avions et propose une approche intégrée pour l’estimation de ce nombre de retraits. Le troisième et le quatrième articles visent à identifier les parties prenantes, les valeurs perçues par chaque partenaire et indiquent comment cette valeur peut affecter les décisions au stade de la conception. Les considérations relatives à la conception et à la fabrication ont donné lieu à quatre contributions importantes. La cinquième contribution traite des défis et opportunités pouvant résulter de l’application des concepts de la chaîne logistique verte, pour les manufacturiers d’avions. Dans la sixième contribution, un outil d’aide à la décision a été développé pour choisir la stratégie verte qui optimise les performances globales de de toute la chaîne de valeur en tenant compte des priorités et contraintes de chaque partenaire. Dans la septième contribution, un modèle mathématique est proposé pour analyser le choix stratégique des manufacturiers en réponse aux directives en matière de FdV de produits comme le résultat des interactions des compétiteurs dans le marché. La huitième contribution porte sur les travaux réalisés dans le cadre d’un stage chez le constructeur d’avions, Bombardier. Cette dernière traite de l’apport de « l’analyse du cycle de vie » au stade de la conception d’avions. La neuvième contribution introduit une méthodologie d’analyse de la chaîne de valeur dans un contexte de développement durable. Finalement, les dixième et onzième contributions proposent une approche holistique pour le traitement des avions en FdV en intégrant les concepts du « lean », du développement durable et des contraintes et opportunités inhérentes à la mondialisation des affaires. Un modèle d’optimisation intégrant les modèles d’affaires, les stratégies de désassemblage et les structures du réseau qui influencent l’efficacité, la stabilité et l’agilité du réseau de récupération est proposé. Les données requises pour exploiter le modèle sont indiquées dans l’article. Mots-clés: Fin de vie des avions, analyse de la chaîne de valeurs, développement durable, intervenants.The number of aircrafts at the end of life (EOL) is continuously increasing. Dealing with retired aircrafts considering the environmental, social and economic impacts is becoming an emerging problem in the aviation industry in near future. This thesis seeks to develop a holistic approach in order to analyze the value chain of EOL aircraft treatment in the context of sustainable development. The performed researches have led to eleven main contributions. In the first contribution, the complexity and diversity of the EOL aircraft recycling including the challenges and problem context are discussed. The second contribution addresses the challenges for estimation of retired aircrafts and proposes an integrated approach for prediction of EOL aircrafts. The third and fourth contributions aim to identify the players involved in EOL recycling context, values perceived by different shareholders and formulate that how such value can affect design decisions. Design stage consideration and manufacture’s issues are discussed and have led to four main contributions. The fifth contribution addresses the opportunities and challenges of applying green supply chain for aircraft manufacturers. In the sixth contribution, a decision tool is developed to aid manufactures in early stage of design for their green strategy choices. In the seventh contribution, a mathematical model is developed in order to analyze the strategic choice of manufacturers in response to EOL directives as the result of the interaction of competitors in the market. An internship project has been also performed in Bombardier and led to the eighth contribution, which addresses life cycle approach and incorporating the sustainability in early stage of design of aircraft. The ninth contribution introduces a methodology for analyzing the value chain in the context of sustainable development. Finally, the tenth and eleventh contributions propose a holistic approach to EOL aircraft treatment considering lean principals, sustainable development, and global business environment. An optimization model is developed to support decision making in both strategic and managerial level. The analytical approaches, decision tools and step by step guidelines proposed in this thesis will aid decision makers to identify appropriate strategies for the EOL aircraft treatment in the sustainable development context. Keywords: End of life aircraft, value chain analysis, sustainable development, stakeholders

Tools for enterprises collaboration in virtual enterprises

Virtual Enterprise (VE) is an organizational collaboration concept which provides a competitive edge in the globalized business environment. The life cycle of a VE consists of four stages i.e. opportunity identification (Pre-Creation), partner selection (Creation), operation and dissolution. The success of VEs depends upon the efficient execution of their VE-lifecycles along with knowledge enhancement for the partner enterprises to facilitate the future formation of efficient VEs. This research aims to study the different issues which occur in the VE lifecycle and provides a platform for the formation of high performance enterprises and VEs. In the pre-creation stage, enterprises look for suitable partners to create their VE and to exploit a market opportunity. This phase requires explicit and implicit information extraction from enterprise data bases (ECOS-ontology) for the identification of suitable partners. A description logic (DL) based query system is developed to extract explicit and implicit information and to identify potential partners for the creation of the VE. In the creation phase, the identified partners are analysed using different risks paradigms and a cooperative game theoretic approach is used to develop a revenue sharing mechanism based on enterprises inputs and risk minimization for optimal partner selection. In the operation phases, interoperability remains a key issue for seamless transfer of knowledge information and data. DL-based ontology mapping is applied in this research to provide interoperability in the VE between enterprises with different domains of expertise. In the dissolution stage, knowledge acquired in the VE lifecycle needs to be disseminated among the enterprises to enhance their competitiveness. A DL-based ontology merging approach is provided to accommodate new knowledge with existing data bases with logical consistency. Finally, the proposed methodologies are validated using the case study. The results obtained in the case study illustrate the applicability and effectiveness of proposed methodologies in each stage of the VE life cycle

Role of Semantic web in the changing context of Enterprise Collaboration

In order to compete with the global giants, enterprises are concentrating on their core competencies and collaborating with organizations that compliment their skills and core activities. The current trend is to develop temporary alliances of independent enterprises, in which companies can come together to share skills, core competencies and resources. However, knowledge sharing and communication among multidiscipline companies is a complex and challenging problem. In a collaborative environment, the meaning of knowledge is drastically affected by the context in which it is viewed and interpreted; thus necessitating the treatment of structure as well as semantics of the data stored in enterprise repositories. Keeping the present market and technological scenario in mind, this research aims to propose tools and techniques that can enable companies to assimilate distributed information resources and achieve their business goals