Excavation to storytelling: Perspectives from archaeological heritagescapes in Sweden

Recent research has revealed that interdisciplinary work combining archaeological and heritage practice continues to be limited by enduring assumptions separating the two fields. Traditional structures and institutional barriers make it difficult to break away from what is expected in order to explore what is possible in what archaeologists and heritage practitioners ‘do’. Though archaeologists play an integral role in the discovery and interpretation of the past—providing the foundation for the heritage-making process, there is often a gap between scientific dissemination of archaeological findings and the interpretation and communication of these findings as heritage. We therefore position storytelling as a key to bridging the divide between archaeological and heritage practice. Offering perspectives from archaeological and heritage practices in Sweden, we argue that a renewed focus on storytelling creates more dynamic and collaborative pathways to interpret, communicate and experience archaeological heritagescapes

Apparition et adoption des matériaux de couverture romains chez les Eduens et chez les Lingons

International audienceRömische Konstruktionstechniken und Baustoffe können als Anzeichen für Romanisierung gewertet werden. Sie legenZeugnis von den veränderten Verhaltensweisen ab, wie die Haeduer und die Lingonen mit den natürlichen Ressourcenumgingen, um diese Materialien zu produzieren. Es können deutliche Unterschiede zwischen diesen beiden gallischenStämmen hinsichtlich des Einsatzes von Ziegel- und Steindächern beobachtet werden. Die Haeduer verwenden meistensZiegel für ihre Dächer, selbst wenn die lokal verfügbaren natürlichen Ressourcen eine Produktion dieses Baustoffesnicht erlauben. Im Gegensatz dazu kommen bei den Lingonen Ziegel nur dann zum Einsatz, wenn die entsprechendenRessourcen vorhanden sind; sie bevorzugen in den Kalkregionen Steindächer. Außerdem scheint die mehr oder wenigerfrühzeitige Übernahme von römischen Dachmaterialien mit den Beziehungen dieser beiden gallischen Stämme zusammenzuhängen,die diese mit Rom pflegen.Roman construction techniques and materials seem to be markers of Romanisation and bear witness of transformationsof how Aedui and Lingones interact with natural resources to produce them. Noticeable differences can be observedbetween these two Gallic tribes in the implementation of tiled- and stoned roofs. The Aedui mostly use tiles for theirroofs, even if local natural resources do not allow a production of these materials. In contrast, the Lingones use tiles onlyif the appropriate resources exist and prefer stoned roofs on calcareous regions. Moreover, the earliness in the adoptionof Roman roof materials seems to be linked with the relations maintained between Rome and these two Gallic tribes.Les techniques et matériaux de construction romains peuvent être définis comme des marqueurs de la romanisation etsont significatifs de changements dans la manière dont les Eduens et les Lingons utilisent les ressources naturelles pourles produire. Des différences notables sont observées entre ces deux peuples gaulois dans la mise en oeuvre des toituresen tuiles et en dalles sciées. Les Eduens emploient principalement les tuiles comme couverture pour leurs bâtiments,même si les ressources naturelles locales ne le permettent pas. Au contraire, les Lingons n’utilisent ces matériaux qu’àla seule condition de l’existence des ressources nécessaires et privilégient les dalles sciées sur les plateaux calcaires. Deplus, l’adoption plus ou moins précoce de ces modes de couverture romains semble être liée aux relations que ces deuxpeuples gaulois entretiennent avec Rome

The genetic history of Scandinavia from the Roman Iron Age to the present

The authors acknowledge support from the National Genomics Infrastructure in Stockholm funded by Science for Life Laboratory, the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation and the Swedish Research Council, and SNIC/Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science for assistance with massively parallel sequencing and access to the UPPMAX computational infrastructure. We used resources from projects SNIC 2022/23-132, SNIC 2022/22-117, SNIC 2022/23-163, SNIC 2022/22-299, and SNIC 2021-2-17. This research was supported by the Swedish Research Council project ID 2019-00849_VR and ATLAS (Riksbankens Jubileumsfond). Part of the modern dataset was supported by a research grant from Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), grant number 16/RC/3948, and co-funded under the European Regional Development Fund and by FutureNeuro industry partners.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Some new mitosporic lichenicolous fungi for Sweden, Norway and Fennoscandia

We report 23 lichenicolous fungi new to Sweden, among these, one is new to Europe, 21 are new to Fennoscandia, and two are newly reported for Norway. This article focuses only on mitosporic fungi. The newly reported species are Acremonium pertusariae, Cladophialophora dimorphospora, Cladosporium licheniphilum, Corynespora laevistipitata, Didymocyrtis cladoniicola, D. grumantiana, Ellisembia lichenicola, Epithamnolia xanthoriae, Gonatophragmium lichenophilum, Lichenoconium lichenicola, Lichenostella griseofusca, Microcera physciae, Psammina filamentosa, Pseudocercospora lichenum, Sclerococcum phaeophysciae, S. toensbergii, Taeniolella cladinicola, T. diploschistis, Talpapellis lendemeri, Trimmatostroma acetabuli, T. vandenboomi, Venturia lichenophila and Xylohyphopsis xanthoriicola. The reports of Talpapellis lendemeri represent the first record in Europe. New hosts are reported for Corynespora laevistipitata, Ellisembia lichenicola, Gonatophragmium lichenophilum, Lichenoconium lichenicola, Psammina filamentosa, Sclerococcum toensbergii and Venturia lichenophila

Digging Online: Crowdfunding for Archaeology

Archaeology permits us precious glimpses into the mysterious past, captivating the public with its intrigue. However, the expensive nature of archaeological work often leads to a struggle for funding. Crowdfunding allows us to leverage archaeology’s popular appeal to find the funds we have long struggled (and often failed) to obtain through traditional means. Furthermore, it lets us interact with the public in a new and novel way, allowing the different voices and narratives of the public to be heard. This thesis explores some of the benefits of crowdfunding. As well, data on crowdfunded archaeology projects were collected and analyzed and certain key success metrics were identified. Using these, a basic framework was developed to aid potential archaeological crowd funders. Considerations such as platform, media elements, and language, are an important part of the process. When used strategically, this tool can help unearth much for both the archaeologist and the public

Perspectives from a human-centred archaeology : Iron Age people and society on Öland

The objective of this study was to develop, test and evaluate a specifically defined interdisciplinary approach—the human-centred approach—as applied to a case study, Iron Age Öland. Four themes were selected to highlight different aspects of particular interest in Öland: taphonomy, diet, migration, and social organization. The uncremated human skeletal remains from Öland are the basis for this study. Different aspects of the bones, such as spatial distribution and chemical and physical properties, were investigated. The methods used include osteological methods, image-based modelling, isotopic analysis of bone (δ13C and δ15N; 14C) and enamel (87Sr/86Sr, δ18O), statistical modelling, and graph-based network analysis.The great impact of the choice of methodology in the different papers was apparent in evaluating how the human-centred approach could be practiced.The concept developed in Paper I, Virtual Taphonomy, provided deeper insight into the specific case study of Öland but also showed the potential of this methodology for archaeology and osteology in general.The approach to migration in Paper II gave results differing from those in Paper IV. The use of a second isotope (δ18O) in Paper IV showed how some individuals were clearly not from an area close by enough to fit within the proposed areas in Paper II. Paper IV also questioned the definitions of 87Sr/86Sr baseline and the interpretation process for deciding whether an individual is determined as a migrant. While the population level approach to migration in Paper II allowed for a discussion on the mechanisms behind migration, the approach in Paper IV instead gave insight into the nature and expression of migration within Öland’s society.In Paper III, it was demonstrated that a shift in diet (isotope variation) did not coincide with the relative typological chronology but instead should be studied by more independent chronology (such as 14C). The isotope results for Öland could also be interpreted completely differently today due to new standards for understanding how isotope values relate to human diet.Paper V showed how a transparent analysis of isotope results, osteological analysis, and archaeological parameters could be used to discuss societal development using graph-based network analysis.Using the human-centred approach to Iron Age Öland resulted in some new insights and a rethinking of society, particularly regarding diet and migration. The interpretation of the diet isotopes means that the pastoralist subsistence likely transformed the Ölandic landscape much earlier than previously thought. The dietary shift places the start of this in the final two centuries BC, not AD 200. In the Late Iron Age, the migration levels doubled, especially as women were immigrating. The people settling Öland were coming from diverse geographical areas in both periods, with the addition of more distant migrants in the Late period. I argue this is part of a creolization process in Öland in the Late Iron Age, detectable in burial practice and diet. The starting point of this great immigration is difficult to define as uncremated human remains are largely lacking in the period AD 200–700. Around AD 200, there is also a change in social organization indicated through the perceptible use of violence. I interpret this as a society where elders had diminished social power compared to earlier times, and when the increasing military focus throughout Scandinavia was also established in Öland.In conclusion, the exploration of a human-centred archaeology gave new insights of relevance to archaeology at large, not just Iron Age Öland. In particular, the strong interpretational aspects of isotopes could be demonstrated, as well as the great advantages of applying digital archaeological theory and method to human skeletal remains

Is reduction in appetite beneficial for body weight management in the context of overweight and obesity? Yes, according to the SATIN (Satiety Innovation) study

New dietary-based concepts are needed for treatment and effective prevention of overweight and obesity. The primary objective was to investigate if reduction in appetite is associated with improved weight loss maintenance. This cohort study was nested within the European Commission project Satiety Innovation (SATIN). Participants achieving ≥8% weight loss during an initial 8-week low-energy formula diet were included in a 12-week randomised double-blind parallel weight loss maintenance intervention. The intervention included food products designed to reduce appetite or matching controls along with instructions to follow national dietary guidelines. Appetite was assessed by ad libitum energy intake and self-reported appetite evaluations using visual analogue scales during standardised appetite probe days. These were evaluated at the first day of the maintenance period compared with baseline (acute effects after a single exposure of intervention products) and post-maintenance compared with baseline (sustained effects after repeated exposures of intervention products) regardless of randomisation. A total of 181 participants (forty-seven men and 134 women) completed the study. Sustained reduction in 24-h energy intake was associated with improved weight loss maintenance (R 0·37; P = 0·001), whereas the association was not found acutely (P = 0·91). Suppression in self-reported appetite was associated with improved weight loss maintenance both acutely (R −0·32; P = 0·033) and sustained (R −0·33; P = 0·042). Reduction in appetite seems to be associated with improved body weight management, making appetite-reducing food products an interesting strategy for dietary-based concepts

Allozyme diversity and geographic variation in the widespread coastal sedge, Carex arenaria

Allozyme electrophoresis was used to investigate the structure of genetic variation in the rhizomatous coastal sedge, Carex arenaria, throughout its European range — from the SW Iberian peninsula to the Baltic region. Material was sampled from 77 sites in five geographic regions. Nine of the 13 investigated loci were polymorphic in the total material and there were interregional differences in the number of polymorphic loci per site and the percentage of variable sites. In the Scandinavia/Baltic region only 61% of the sites contained at least one locus with more than one allele, whereas all the British and SW Iberian sites were variable. There was a general tendency for the regional frequencies of the less common alleles at individual loci to decline from SW to NE. The mean (over loci and sites) within-site gene diversity (H ¯site) was 0.064 (in calculations based on the number of observed multilocus allozyme genotypes within each sampling site). Although there was considerable variation between geographically adjacent sites, within-site diversity showed a general decrease from SW to NE in Europe. There were significant differences in within-region gene diversity (Hreg) for the four most variable loci between the five regions. Hreg generally decreased from SW to NE Europe and most loci showed the highest diversity in the SW Iberian peninsula and the Bay of Biscay regions. The mean (over loci) gene diversity in the total material (Htot) was 0.070 and the levels of diversity in Carex arenaria are substantially lower than is usual in rhizomatous sedges. The within-site, between-site and between-regional components of the total diversity were 92.4%, 2.5% and 5.1%, respectively. The low levels of overall gene diversity in C. arenaria and the successive decrease in diversity from SW to NE are interpreted in terms of the species' history of postglacial spread into northern Europe. Despite the overall northwards decrease in diversity, the widespread occurrence of less common alleles and the lack of regional deviations from Hardy–Weinberg genotype frequency expectations suggest that C. arenaria is not predominantly self-fertilized