Large-scale structure in superfluid Chaplygin gas cosmology

We investigate the growth of large-scale structure in the superfluid Chaplygin gas (SCG) model. Both linear and non-linear growth, such as $\sigma_8$ and the skewness $S_3$, are discussed. We find the growth factor of SCG reduces to the EdS case at early times while differs from the $\Lambda$CDM case in the large $a$ limit. We also find there will be much stricture growth on large scales in the SCG scenario than in $\Lambda$CDM and the variations of $\sigma_{8}$ and $S_3$ between SCG and $\Lambda$CDM can not be discriminated.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, minor errors are correcte

Heart Rate Monitoring During Different Lung Volume Phases Using Seismocardiography

Seismocardiography (SCG) is a non-invasive method that can be used for cardiac activity monitoring. This paper presents a new electrocardiogram (ECG) independent approach for estimating heart rate (HR) during low and high lung volume (LLV and HLV, respectively) phases using SCG signals. In this study, SCG, ECG, and respiratory flow rate (RFR) signals were measured simultaneously in 7 healthy subjects. The lung volume information was calculated from the RFR and was used to group the SCG events into low and high lung-volume groups. LLV and HLV SCG events were then used to estimate the subjects HR as well as the HR during LLV and HLV in 3 different postural positions, namely supine, 45 degree heads-up, and sitting. The performance of the proposed algorithm was tested against the standard ECG measurements. Results showed that the HR estimations from the SCG and ECG signals were in a good agreement (bias of 0.08 bpm). All subjects were found to have a higher HR during HLV (HR$_\text{HLV}$) compared to LLV (HR$_\text{LLV}$) at all postural positions. The HR$_\text{HLV}$/HR$_\text{LLV}$ ratio was 1.11$\pm$0.07, 1.08$\pm$0.05, 1.09$\pm$0.04, and 1.09$\pm$0.04 (mean$\pm$SD) for supine, 45 degree-first trial, 45 degree-second trial, and sitting positions, respectively. This heart rate variability may be due, at least in part, to the well-known respiratory sinus arrhythmia. HR monitoring from SCG signals might be used in different clinical applications including wearable cardiac monitoring systems

Cosmic Pathways for Compact Groups in the Milli-Millennium Simulation

We detected 10 compact galaxy groups (CGs) at $z=0$ in the semi-analytic galaxy catalog of Guo et al. (2011) for the milli-Millennium Cosmological Simulation (sCGs in mGuo2010a). We aimed to identify potential canonical pathways for compact group evolution and thus illuminate the history of observed nearby compact groups. By constructing merger trees for $z=0$ sCG galaxies, we studied the cosmological evolution of key properties, and compared them with $z=0$ Hickson CGs (HCGs). We found that, once sCG galaxies come within 1 (0.5) Mpc of their most massive galaxy, they remain within that distance until $z=0$, suggesting sCG "birth redshifts". At $z=0$ stellar masses of sCG most-massive galaxies are within $10^{10} \lesssim M_{\ast}/M_{\odot} \lesssim 10^{11}$. In several cases, especially in the two 4- and 5-member systems, the amount of cold gas mass anti-correlates with stellar mass, which in turn correlates with hot gas mass. We define the angular difference between group members' 3D velocity vectors, $\Delta\theta_{\rm vel}$, and note that many of the groups are long-lived because their small values of $\Delta\theta_{\rm vel}$ indicate a significant parallel component. For triplets in particular, $\Delta\theta_{\rm vel}$ values range between $20^{\circ}$ and $40^{\circ}$ so that galaxies are coming together along roughly parallel paths, and pairwise separations do not show large pronounced changes after close encounters. The best agreement between sCG and HCG physical properties is for $M_{\ast}$ galaxy values, but HCG values are higher overall, including for SFRs. Unlike HCGs, due to a tail at low SFR and $M_{\ast}$, and a lack of $M_{\ast}\gtrsim 10^{11}M_{\odot}$ galaxies, only a few sCG galaxies are on the star-forming main sequence.Comment: Style fixes to better match ApJ published version. Uses likeapj1.1 style files: 17 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables. LaTex style files available at https://github.com/qtast/likeapj/releases/lates

New holographic Chaplygin gas model of dark energy

In this work, we investigate the holographic dark energy model with new infrared cut-off (new HDE model) proposed by Granda and Oliveros. Using this new definition for infrared cut-off, we establish the correspondence between new HDE model and standard Chaplygin gas (SCG), generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) and modified Chaplygin gas (MCG) scalar field models in non-flat universe. The potential and dynamics for these scalar field models, which describe the accelerated expansion of the universe are reconstructed. According to the evolutionary behavior of new HDE model, we derive the same form of dynamics and potential for different SCG, GCG and MCG models. We also calculate the squared sound speed of new HDE model as well as for SCG, GCG and MCG models and investigate the new HDE Chaplygin gas models from the viewpoint of linear perturbation theory. All results in non-flat universe are also discussed in the limiting case of flat universe, i.e. $k=0$.Comment: 19 pages, Accepted by Int. J. Mod. Phys.

Design of a new method for detection of occupancy in the smart home using an FBG sensor

This article introduces a new way of using a fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensor for detecting the presence and number of occupants in the monitored space in a smart home (SH). CO2 sensors are used to determine the CO2 concentration of the monitored rooms in an SH. CO2 sensors can also be used for occupancy recognition of the monitored spaces in SH. To determine the presence of occupants in the monitored rooms of the SH, the newly devised method of CO2 prediction, by means of an artificial neural network (ANN) with a scaled conjugate gradient (SCG) algorithm using measurements of typical operational technical quantities (indoor temperature, relative humidity indoor and CO2 concentration in the SH) is used. The goal of the experiments is to verify the possibility of using the FBG sensor in order to unambiguously detect the number of occupants in the selected room (R104) and, at the same time, to harness the newly proposed method of CO2 prediction with ANN SCG for recognition of the SH occupancy status and the SH spatial location (rooms R104, R203, and R204) of an occupant. The designed experiments will verify the possibility of using a minimum number of sensors for measuring the non-electric quantities of indoor temperature and indoor relative humidity and the possibility of monitoring the presence of occupants in the SH using CO2 prediction by means of the ANN SCG method with ANN learning for the data obtained from only one room (R203). The prediction accuracy exceeded 90% in certain experiments. The uniqueness and innovativeness of the described solution lie in the integrated multidisciplinary application of technological procedures (the BACnet technology control SH, FBG sensors) and mathematical methods (ANN prediction with SCG algorithm, the adaptive filtration with an LMS algorithm) employed for the recognition of number persons and occupancy recognition of selected monitored rooms of SH.Web of Science202art. no. 39

Aspects of selection in an interbred flock based on Perendales crossed with Merino X Romney ewes : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Agricultural Science in Animal Science at Massey University

Genetic, phenotypic and environmental parameters were estimated from hogget traits recorded on 237 Perendale x (Merino x Romney) ewe hoggets between 1977 and 1984. Non-genetic effects on weaning weight (WW) for 634 ewe and ram lambs were analysed. A selection objective and criteria was defined and appraised for the flock. The traits examined were hogget liveweight (HLW), greasy fleece weight (GFW), clean fleece weight (CFW), quality number (QN), character grade (CHG), handle grade (HG), cotting grade (CG), soundness grade (SG), greasy colour grade (GCG), scoured colour grade (SCG), staple length (SL), total crimp number (TCN), clean scoured yield (Y), mean fibre diameter (MFD) and crimps per centimetre (CPC). The least squares method of fitting constants was used to estimate the major environmental factors influencing the traits studied. Heritabilities (h2) were obtained by the daughter-dam regression (DDR) and daughter-dam correlation (DDC) methods. The genetic (rG), phenotypic (rP) and environmental (rE) correlations were calculated by the daughter-dam method. The estimates of environmental effects agree in most cases with the published estimates. Between year differences were important sources of variation and had a highly significant effect on all traits except SCG. Rearing rank effect was found to be the most important source of variation for WW and HLW. Age of dam and sex had a highly significant effect on WW. Neither rearing rank nor age of dam exerted any significant influence on wool traits. The estimates of heritability calculated by daughter-dam regression method were: HLW (0.16), GFW (0.17), CFW (0.24), QN (0.42), CHG (0.38), SG (0.02), GCG (0.38), SCG (0.09), SL (0.12), TCN (0.08), Y (0.41) and MFD (0.29). Genetic and phenotypic correlations calculated among some hogget traits were respectively: HLW x GFW (0.67 and 0.66); HLW x CFW (0.62 and 0.56); HLW x SL (0.79 and 0.44); HLW x MFD (-0.45 and 0.24); GFW x CFW (0.87 and 0.94); GFW x SL (0.37 and 0.60); GFW x MFD (-0.98 and 0.38); CFW x GCG (0.52 and 0.02); QN x MFD (-0.79 and -0.30); SG x MFD (0.73 and -0.21); GCG x SCG (0.87 and 0.38); GCG x Y (0.96 and 0.04) and SCG x Y (0.77 and 0.00). Lifetime economic weights derived using the marginal profit method were calculated to define a selection objective for the flock studied. The traits included in the objective were number of lambs weaned (NLW (dam)), WW, CFW, MFD and SCG. Besides the traits in the objective, HLW, GFW, QN and GCG were included as selection criteria. The appropriate selection indices for ram hoggets (I1), ewe hoggets (I2) and lambs (I3 ) were respectively: I1 =4.66 NLW (dam) + 0.62 HLW + 0.10 WW + 3.91 GFW - 1.70 MFD + 0.50 GCG. I2 =4.79 NLW (dam) + 0.61 HLW + 0.04 WW + 1.99 GFW + 0.23 QN + 1.60 GCG. I3 = 4.87 NLW (dam) + 0.48 WW

The HI Content of Compact Groups of Galaxies

The HI content of Hickson Compact Groups in the southern hemisphere is measured using data from the HI Parkes All Sky Survey (HIPASS), and dedicated observations using the narrowband filter on the Multibeam instrument on the Parkes telescope. The expected HI mass of these groups was estimated using the luminosity, diameter and morphological types of the member galaxies, calibrated from published data. Taking careful account of non-detection limits, the results show that the compact group population that has been detected by these observations has an HI content similar to that of galaxies in the reference field sample. The upper limits for the undetected groups lie within the normal range; improvement of these limits will require a large increase in sensitivity.Comment: 27 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in PAS