Scale-up of a system for hydrocarbon production by electrochemical reduction of CO2

This work addresses the scaling up of a system for electrochemical reduction of CO2 to produce hydrocarbons that can be used as fuel for a regenerative energy storage cycle. Challenges involved in such a task are mentioned. Scalingup results of a system based on electrodes of high surface area with modified copper deposits are described. Current densities around 100 mA/cm2 were obtained. This corresponds to the current density threshold that enables technological applications. At potentials as negative as -1.6 V it was observed that CO2 reduction still dominated over hydrogen evolution reaction

Scale-up of Microfiltration Processes

A flow rate and resistance-based approach for upscaling of microfiltration processes from lab scale to process scale is presented, in correlation with biopharmaceutical processes. Basic element is the modeling of filtration curves using a resistance-in-series model based on the Darcy equation. The influences of the filtration setup and the fouling layer are described as additional resistances that change in course of filtration. The necessary parameters, such as setup resistances and filtration areas, are determined by water flow rate measurements. The model is validated by filtration of a particulate test solution. The presented approach can be used for constant flow and constant pressure driven filtration processes. © 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinhei

Scale Up Sourcebook

The Scale Up Sourcebook is informed and inspired by the September 2018 conference, Innovations in Agriculture: Scaling Up to Reach Millions, organized by Purdue University, in partnership with the African Development Bank. The Sourcebook consolidates, extends, and disseminates some of the scaling insights presented at the Purdue conference. It is intended as an easy-to-use guidebook targeted to a broad and diverse audience of stakeholders associated with scaling agricultural technologies and innovations to meet the needs of the world’s poor. The Sourcebook has nine chapters: designing with scale in mind; assessing scalability; using commercial markets to drive scaling; financing the transition to scale; creating an enabling environment for scale; tailoring metrics, monitoring, and evaluation to support sustainable outcomes at scale; and the critical role of intermediary and donor organizations. The Sourcebook provides guidance, tips, and examples, along with links and references to additional resources on scale up

Scale Up of Cyclone Bioreactor for the Production of Biodegradable Plastics

The production of microbial poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) was studied usingcyclone bioreactors at both the 1 L lab-scale and in 75 L Pilot Plant Scale (PPS) ofPilot Plant scale. The Culture used for PHB production was Alcaligenes eutrophusDSM 545, grown on a mineral salt medium limited by the supply of nitrogen. Twodifferent carbon sources were used: standard commercial glucose and hydrolyzedpotato processing waste. The levels of dissolved oxygen obtained in the PPS werestrongly depended on the location at which the air was introduced into thereactor. However, with aeration balanced between two injection points and asimilar level of power input, 17 W/L, the PPS was able to provide at least as muchoxygen transfer capability as the lab-scale reactor. Under all condition tested, thePHB accumulation by A. eutrophus was very high, in excess of 80% of thebiomass dry weight. The potato starch was readily hydrolyzed to fermentablesugars, however, the economic feasibility of using this carbon sources requiresfurther evaluation