“To mamy wpajane od dziecka” – a recipient passive in Polish?

The Polish construction mieć ‘have’ + passive participle has recently been discussed as a possible new perfect tense in the process of grammaticalization, but good arguments against this interpretation have been put forward: Semantically it is merely a resultative construction, and diachronically it has been attested with the same semantics since the beginning of literacy. However, a certain group of sentences with mieć + passive participle has not been paid sufficient attention so far. In these sentences the participle can be formed from an imperfective verb, it can be combined with a temporal adverbial referring to the time of the event and the subject is never the agent but the beneficiary. These constructions have to be classified as a recipient passive. In parallel with the Polish direct passive, there are three recipient-passive constructions (imperfective, perfective, resultative). Together with the resultative active, the constructions with mieć + passive participle fill a gap in the Polish voice system