24 research outputs found
Overview of evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services (eMBMS)
MBMS was introduced as a service to optimize the dissemination of common interest multimedia content. Recently, it evolved to eMBMS based on LTE-centered flexibilities. However, launch of eMBMS over LTE may support new services e.g. pushed content for M2M services and delivery of premium content to the users enjoying secured QoS. This document primarily focusses on the rules, procedures and architecture supporting MBMS based data exchanges, which have not seen any major changes since Release 9
Reliable and Low-Latency Fronthaul for Tactile Internet Applications
With the emergence of Cloud-RAN as one of the dominant architectural
solutions for next-generation mobile networks, the reliability and latency on
the fronthaul (FH) segment become critical performance metrics for applications
such as the Tactile Internet. Ensuring FH performance is further complicated by
the switch from point-to-point dedicated FH links to packet-based multi-hop FH
networks. This change is largely justified by the fact that packet-based
fronthauling allows the deployment of FH networks on the existing Ethernet
infrastructure. This paper proposes to improve reliability and latency of
packet-based fronthauling by means of multi-path diversity and erasure coding
of the MAC frames transported by the FH network. Under a probabilistic model
that assumes a single service, the average latency required to obtain reliable
FH transport and the reliability-latency trade-off are first investigated. The
analytical results are then validated and complemented by a numerical study
that accounts for the coexistence of enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) and
Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency (URLLC) services in 5G networks by comparing
orthogonal and non-orthogonal sharing of FH resources.Comment: 11pages, 13 figures, 3 bio photo
Evaluation of channel switching threshold for MBMS in UMTS networks
In this project, thershold to switching from dedicated to shared/common channel for efficent delivery of MBMS serveces have been evaluated. It also been evaluated the coverage using multiple channer in function of the distribution of the user
Cooperative Peer-to-Peer Repair for Wireless Multimedia Broadcast
Abstract — This paper explores how to leverage IEEE802.11based cooperative peer-to-peer repair (CPR) to enhance the reliability of wireless multimedia broadcasting. We first formulate the CPR problem and present an algorithm that assumes global state information to optimally schedule CPR transmissions. Based on insights gained from the optimal algorithm, we propose a fully distributed CPR (DCPR) protocol. Simulation results demonstrate that the DCPR protocol can effectively enhance the reliability of wireless broadcast services with a repair latency comparable to that of optimal scheduling. I
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Multimedia delivery in the future internet
The term “Networked Media” implies that all kinds of media including text, image, 3D graphics, audio
and video are produced, distributed, shared, managed and consumed on-line through various networks,
like the Internet, Fiber, WiFi, WiMAX, GPRS, 3G and so on, in a convergent manner [1]. This white
paper is the contribution of the Media Delivery Platform (MDP) cluster and aims to cover the Networked
challenges of the Networked Media in the transition to the Future of the Internet.
Internet has evolved and changed the way we work and live. End users of the Internet have been confronted
with a bewildering range of media, services and applications and of technological innovations concerning
media formats, wireless networks, terminal types and capabilities. And there is little evidence that the pace
of this innovation is slowing. Today, over one billion of users access the Internet on regular basis, more
than 100 million users have downloaded at least one (multi)media file and over 47 millions of them do so
regularly, searching in more than 160 Exabytes1 of content. In the near future these numbers are expected
to exponentially rise. It is expected that the Internet content will be increased by at least a factor of 6, rising
to more than 990 Exabytes before 2012, fuelled mainly by the users themselves. Moreover, it is envisaged
that in a near- to mid-term future, the Internet will provide the means to share and distribute (new)
multimedia content and services with superior quality and striking flexibility, in a trusted and personalized
way, improving citizens’ quality of life, working conditions, edutainment and safety.
In this evolving environment, new transport protocols, new multimedia encoding schemes, cross-layer inthe
network adaptation, machine-to-machine communication (including RFIDs), rich 3D content as well as
community networks and the use of peer-to-peer (P2P) overlays are expected to generate new models of
interaction and cooperation, and be able to support enhanced perceived quality-of-experience (PQoE) and
innovative applications “on the move”, like virtual collaboration environments, personalised services/
media, virtual sport groups, on-line gaming, edutainment. In this context, the interaction with content
combined with interactive/multimedia search capabilities across distributed repositories, opportunistic P2P
networks and the dynamic adaptation to the characteristics of diverse mobile terminals are expected to
contribute towards such a vision.
Based on work that has taken place in a number of EC co-funded projects, in Framework Program 6 (FP6)
and Framework Program 7 (FP7), a group of experts and technology visionaries have voluntarily
contributed in this white paper aiming to describe the status, the state-of-the art, the challenges and the way
ahead in the area of Content Aware media delivery platforms
Serviços multimédia multicast de próxima geração
Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesUma das mais recentes conquistas na evolução móvel foi o 3G, permitindo o acesso a serviços multimédia com qualidade de serviço assegurada. No entanto, a tecnologia UMTS, tal como definida na sua Release ’99, é apenas capaz de transmitir em modo unicast, sendo manifestamente ineficiente para comunicações multimédia almejando grupos de utilizadores.
A tecnologia IMS surge na Release 5 do 3GPP que começou a responder já a algumas necessidades, permitindo comunicações sobre IP oferecendo serviços Internet a qualquer momento e em qualquer lugar sobre tecnologias de comunicação mĂłveis fornecendo pela primeira vez sessões multimĂ©dia satisfatĂłrias. A Release 6 por sua vez trouxe a tecnologia MBMS que permite transmissões em broadcast e multicast para redes mĂłveis. O MBMS fornece os serviços de aplicações multimĂ©dia que todos estavam Ă espera, tanto para os utilizadores como para os prestadores de serviços. O operador pode agora fazer uso da tecnologia existente aumentando todo o tipo de benefĂcios no serviço prestado ao cliente. Com a possĂvel integração destas duas tecnologias passa a ser possĂvel desenvolver serviços assentes em redes convergentes em que os conteĂşdos sĂŁo entregues usando tecnologias unicast, multicast ou broadcast. Neste contexto, o principal motivo deste trabalho consiste essencialmente em fazer uso dos recursos da rede terminando com o desperdĂcio dos mesmos e aumentando a eficiĂŞncia dos serviços atravĂ©s da integração das tecnologias IMS e MBMS.
O trabalho realizado começa com o estudo do estado da arte das telecomunicações mĂłveis com referĂŞncia Ă s tecnologias referidas, seguindo-se a apresentação da possĂvel integração IMS-MBMS e terminando com o projecto de uma plataforma de demonstração que no futuro possa ser uma implementação de serviço multimĂ©dia multicast. O objectivo principal Ă© mostrar os benefĂcios de um serviço que era normalmente executado em unicast relativamente ao modo multicast, fazendo uso da nova convergĂŞncia de tecnologias IMS e MBMS. Na conclusĂŁo do trabalho sĂŁo referidas as vantagens do uso de portadoras multicast e broadcast, tendo como perspectiva de que este trabalho possa ser um ponto de partida para um novo conjunto de serviços poupando recursos de rede e permitindo uma eficiĂŞncia considerável em serviços inovadores.3G is bang up to date in the mobile phone industry. It allows access to multimedia services and gives a guarantee of quality of service. The UMTS technology, defined in 3GPP Release ’99, provides an unicast transmission, but it is completely inefficient when it comes to multimedia group communications.
The IMS technology first appeared in Release 5 that has already started to consider the interests of the clients. It provides communications over IP, offering Internet services anytime, anywhere on mobile communication technologies. Also, it offers for the first time satisfactory multimedia sessions. On the other hand, Release 6 gave rise to the MBMS technology that provides broadcast and multicast transmissions for mobile networks. The MBMS provides multimedia applications services that everyone was waiting, including users and service providers. Now the operator makes use of existing technology in order to provide better costumer services. The possible integration of these two technologies will contribute to develop services based on converged networks in which contents are delivered through the unicast, multicast or broadcast technologies. Therefore, the objective of this work is basically to make use of network resources avoiding wastes and improving customer services through the integration of the IMS and the MBMS technologies.
The executed work starts with the mobile telecommunications state of the art with reference to the referred technologies, followed by the IMS-MBMS convergence presentation and finishing with the proposal for implementation of a service platform that can be used for a multimedia multicast service. The main point is to show the benefits of a service that has been normally executed in unicast mode over the multicast mode, making use of the new IMS and MBMS technologies integration. To closure the work it is referred the advantages to use multicast and broadcast bearers, with the perspective that this work could be a starting point to a new set of services, saving network resources and allowing for innovate services a considerable efficency
The strategies associated with the migration of networks to 4G
The networks need to provide higher speeds than those offered today.
For it, considering that in the spectrum radio technologies is the scarcest resource in the development of these technologies and the new developments is essential to maximize the performance of bits per hertz transmitted. Long Term Evolution optimize spectral efficiency modulations with new air interface, and more advanced algorithms radius. These capabilities is the fact that LTE is an IPbased
technology that enables end-to-end offer high transmission
rates per user and very low latency, ie delay in the response times of the network around only 10 milliseconds, so you can offer any realtime application.
LTE is the latest standard in mobile network technology and 3GPP ensure competitiveness in the future, may be considered a technology bridge between 3G networks - current 3.5G and future 4G networks, which are expected to reach speeds of up to 1G .
LTE operators provide a simplified architecture but both robust, supporting services on IP technology. The objectives to be achieved through its implementation are ambitious, first users have a wide range of added services like capabilities that currently enjoys with residential broadband access at competitive prices, while the operator
will have a network fully IP-based environment, reducing the
complexity and cost of the same, which will give operators the opportunity to migrate to LTE directly.
A major advantage of LTE is its ability to fuse with existing networks, ensuring interconnection with the same, increasing his current coverage and allowing a data connection established by a user in the environment continue when fade the coverage LTE. Moreover, the operator has the advantage of deploying network gradually, starting initially at areas of high demand for broadband services and expand progressively in line with this.
RESUMEN.
Las redes necesitan proporcionar velocidades mayores a las ofertadas a dĂa de hoy. Para ello, teniendo en cuenta que en tecnologĂas radio el espectro es el recurso más escaso, en la evoluciĂłn de estas tecnologĂas y en los nuevos desarrollos es esencial maximizar el rendimiento de bits por hercio transmitido. Long Term Evolution optimiza la eficiencia espectral con nuevas modulaciones en la
interfaz aire, asĂ como los algoritmos radio más avanzado. A estas capacidades se suma el hecho de que LTE es una tecnologĂa basada en IP de extremo a extremo que permite ofrecer altas velocidades de transmisiĂłn por usuario y latencias muy bajas, es decir, retardos en los tiempos de respuesta de la red en torno a sĂłlo 10 milisegundos, por lo que permite ofrecer cualquier tipo de aplicaciĂłn en tiempo
real.
LTE es el Ăşltimo estándar en tecnologĂa de redes mĂłviles y asegurará la competitividad de 3GPP en el futuro, pudiendo ser considerada una tecnologĂa puente entre las redes 3G – 3.5G actuales y las futuras redes 4G, de las que se esperan alcanzar velocidades de hasta 1G.
LTE proporcionará a las operadoras una arquitectura simplificada pero robusta a la vez, soportando servicios sobre tecnologĂa IP. Los objetivos que se persiguen con su implantaciĂłn son ambiciosos, por una parte los usuarios dispondrá de una amplia oferta de servicios añadidos con capacidades similares a las que disfruta actualmente con
accesos a banda ancha residencial y a precios competitivos, mientras que el operador dispondrá de una red basada en entorno totalmente IP, reduciendo la complejidad y el costo de la misma, lo que dará a las operadoras la oportunidad de migrar a LTE directamente.
Una gran ventaja de LTE es su capacidad para fusionarse con las redes existentes, asegurando la interconexión con las mismas, aumentando su actual cobertura y permitiendo que una conexión de datos establecida por un usuario en el entorno LTE continúe cuando la cobertura LTE se desvanezca. Por otra parte el operador tiene la ventaja de desplegar la red LTE de forma gradual, comenzando inicialmente por las áreas de gran demanda de servicios de banda ancha y ampliarla progresivamente en función de ésta
Effect of multiple simultaneous HSDPA users on HSDPA end-user performance for non-real time services in one cell system
HSDPA networks are currently being deployed; however, there is little knowledge about how these networks perform and behave, and which will the Quality of Service and Quality of Experience that users will achieve due to the fact that UEs share the downlink channel. Furthermore, HSDPA planning and dimensioning is being done through the traditional mechanisms to plan and dimension UMTS networks. These mechanisms do not provide, though, accurate results for HSDPA. This thesis will focus on doing progress in these two areas.
A HSDPA simulator was built to find some answers. This simulator used a simplistic model to simulate the radio environment and HSDPA features at Node B. Besides, the simulator dynamically created web browsing traffic according to the traffic patterns specified by the 3GPP. Three main simulations were performed. First, the maximum number of HSDPA users that a HSDPA network can support was obtained for different mean cell throughputs. Results also showed that the relationship between the mean cell throughput and the maximum number of users is linear. Second, the effect of the amount of UEs in a HSDPA network was studied. Results showed how the network and end-user performance changed when the number of UEs differed from the maximum number of UEs. Simulations demonstrated that network and end-user performance decreases rapidly and significantly when the maximum number of UEs was exceeded. Finally, the mean session inter-arrival time was modified to observe how this traffic parameter affected the network and the end-user performance. Furthermore, different sets of number of UEs were used to find out any correlation between the number of UEs and the mean session inter-arrival time. Results showed how the mean session inter-arrival time was much more relevant for the network and end-user performance when the maximum number of UEs had been exceeded.
Results will give a glimpse of how HSDPA can perform in real networks. Besides, this simulator can help operators and providers to plan and dimension HSDPA networks more accurately