Knowledge and Behaviour About Adolescent Reproductive Health in YOGYAKARTA, Indonesia

Lack of knowledge about reproductive health in adolescent, making teens easily influenced by misinformation and harmful to their reproductive health. Health education plays an important role in increasing their knowledge and behavior of young people in order to maintain good reproductive health. The purpose of the research was to see the impact of health education on the knowledge and behavior of adolescents in reproductive health. Paired t test analysis results indicate that counseling on reproductive health effect on both knowledge about reproductive health (mean difference: 10.216, 95% CI: 6.622 to 13.809) and attitudes about reproductive health in adolescents (mean difference: 65.417, 95% CI: 11,176 to 61.690). Knowledge of adolescents about reproductive health would be beneficial in preparing the young people in good reproductive health issues so expect teenagers do not conflict with the norms prevailing in the community

Litigating reproductive health rights in the inter-American system: what does a winning case look like?

Remedies and reparation measures emerging from the Inter-American System of Human Rights in reproductive health cases have consistently highlighted the need to develop and subsequently implement, non-repetition remedies that protect, promote and fulfill women’s reproductive health rights. Litigation outcomes that result in violations of reproductive rights are a “win” for health rights litigation, but when implementation fails, is a “win” still a win? Although there has been considerable success in litigating reproductive health rights cases, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights are not adequately equipped to follow-up on cases after they have been won. Successful and sustainable implementation of reproductive health rights law requires incorporation of non-repetition remedies in the form of legislation, education, and training that seeks to remodel existing social and cultural practices that hinder women’s enjoyment of their reproductive rights. In order for a reproductive health rights case to ultimately be a “winner,” case recommendations and decisions emerging from the Commission and Court must incorporate perspectives provided by members of civil society, with the ultimate goal of developing measurable remedies that address underlying obstacles to domestic implementation

Population and Reproductive Health

Outlines the foundation's grantmaking strategies to reduce maternal mortality and morbidity and to advance youths' sexual and reproductive health and rights. Lists geographic priorities, types of programs and organizations supported, and sample grants

International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH): an international multidisciplinary centre of excellence in the field of reproductive health

The International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH) was established by Prof. dr. Marleen Temmerman in the aftermath of the UN Conference on Population and Development in Cairo in 1994. This conference called for worldwide action to improve the sexual and reproductive health situation of the global population in general and for vulnerable groups in particular, and this is exactly what ICRH is striving for and has been working on for the last 15 years. ICRH is a multidisciplinary centre of excellence, in research, capacity building and fieldwork in sexual and reproductive health and HIV prevention, and an advocate for sexual and reproductive health and rights. Right from the start, ICRH has opted for a global approach, which has resulted in a broad geographical spread of activities, with projects in Africa, Latin America, Asia and Europe. Since its inception, ICRH has participated in more than 120 projects, often as the coordinator, and through this work it has contributed considerably not only to scientific knowledge, improvement of health systems and increased accessibility of health services for vulnerable groups, but also to the quality of live of numerous individuals. Since 2004, ICRH has been recognized as a WHO Collaborating Centre for Research on Sexual and Reproductive Health

Reproductive health for rats

In the present paper the feeding experiment with laboratory rats, conducted at the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Biological Agriculture from 1987-1989 is described in more detail to show the advantages, but also the difficulties of the method (Velimirov et al. 1992). Two groups of rats (Long Evans strain), each consisting of 20 pairs, were fed with products from organic resp. conventional growing systems. After chemical analyses of all products, vitamins, minerals and trace elements were added if needed to provide nutritionally balanced diets. With 2 harvests 3 generations (6 litters) were investigated. In the first litters significantly fewer offspring were born dead or died within the first week of their lives. The survival rate until weaning time at the age of 28 days and the weight development were slightly more successful. The weight gain of the female rats in connection with litter size and pup weight during lactation was significantly higher. But the change from the feed mixture of the 1st to the 2nd harvest showed a reverse tendency in the 2nd litters of the 2nd generation, although the same diet components were used. After the adaptation to the new diet the “organic” group again displayed better results. Contradictory results are difficult to explain, because the overall impact of diets from different production systems is investigated, not effects of single components at different levels. The results are not unequivocally accepted by the scientific community, but are easily understood by the public, since the method reflects reality. The linear resp. synergistic perception of biological systems corresponds with the research objective, which is inherently different. Analysis is focussed on objects and their material nature, whereas the systemic approach tries to reveal the interactions (system dynamics) between the objects in the course of time. For a profound understanding of systems clearly both positions are needed, to compensate for the limitations of each method on its own

Re-Costing Cairo: Revised Estimate of the Resource Requirements to Achieve the ICPD Goals

Achieving universal access to reproductive health, including family planning services and supplies, is essential to ensuring the health and well-being of women and their families. Poor reproductive health is the leading cause of death and disability among women in their childbearing years. An estimated 201 million women in developing countries want to delay or stop childbearing, but lack effective contraceptives. Satisfying their unmet need for family planning would avert 52 million unintended pregnancies each year, saving more than 1.5 million lives and preventing 505,000 children from losing their mothers.In 2005 the World Summit -- a follow-up to the meetings that launched the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) -- reaffirmed the importance of sexual and reproductive health and rights by addingTarget 5.B.: Achieve universal access to reproductive health by 2015 as part of MDG 5: Improving Maternal Health. Contraceptive prevalence rate and unmet need for family planning are indicators for monitoring progress towards this target

Why Family Planning and Reproductive Health are Critical to the Well-Being of Youth

An unprecedented number of young people are entering their reproductive years, most of whom live in the developing world. U.S. policy makers should assist in effortS to ensure that youth worldwide are able to make informed decisions about their sexuality and receive the family planning and reproductive health care that they require. The U.S. should support these efforts by providing adequate funding for international family planning and reproductive health programs. Young people's access to family planning and reproductive health is a fundamental right. The international community recognizes that youth must have access to comprehensive, evidence-based, scientifically accurate, and youth friendly family planning and reproductive information, services, and supplies. The 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) Programme of Action endorsed by 179 countries identifies young people's reproductive rights as a priority. Youth were also a key consideration in the 2009 review of the ICPD

Population, Heath and Women

There are a number of issues regarding women’s health, women’s reproductive behavior, fertility impact of reproductive health programs and the effect of gender roles and expectations in these factors. This paper attempts to put together recently available Philippine information that could shed light to these issues. Analysis of national data suggests the absence of gender bias in the utilization of health care services. Planning and maternal care are deemed to have positive impact on women’s health. So is women’s reproductive health on fertility.women's issues, population and family relation, health sector, health care, fertility

Women's reproductive rights in the inter-American system of human rights: conclusions from the Field, June - September 2014

The Inter-American System of Human Rights has proven to be a forum for the advancement of women’s reproductive rights in the Inter-American region. However, the Inter-American System faces significant challenges in promoting structural transformative change that enables women’s enjoyment of their reproductive health rights. This report examines three reproductive rights cases from the Inter- American Commission on Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights: María Mamerita Mestanza Chávez v. Peru; Paulina Ramirez Jacinto v. Mexico; and Artavia Murillo et al. v. Costa Rica. In the summer of 2014, interviews were conducted with representatives in each of the case study countries, with the objective of the research being two-fold: (1) to understand how each of the cases developed, and the subsequent challenges and advancements; and (2) to learn from these cases in order to suggest recommendations for how actors can make better use of the Inter-American System as one of several avenues for protecting, promoting and fulfilling women’s reproductive rights. The report first discusses challenges in implementing women’s reproductive health rights, and then explores how the Inter-American System can strengthen its work on women’s reproductive health rights

Menstrual disorders in rural Gambia.

As part of a community-based reproductive morbidity survey in rural Gambia, the prevalence and association of menstrual disorders with sociodemographic characteristics and other reproductive morbidities, and with knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs concerning menstrual problems were assessed. A questionnaire was administered by a field-worker and by a gynecologist, who also examined the women. Semistructured interviews were conducted to assess knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs in a subsample. Of 607 menstruating women not using hormonal contraceptives, 16 percent complained to the gynecologist of irregular cycles, 14 percent of dysmenorrhea, 8 percent of spotting, and 4 percent of heavy or prolonged bleeding. Each complaint was associated with other reproductive morbidities. A minority of women with menstrual problems had sought health care, and menstruation was revealed to be a highly personal and secretive topic in this population. Menstrual disorders constitute an important unaddressed area of reproductive health service needs in developing countries for which relatively simple and inexpensive therapies are often available. Information, education, and support combined with clinical management of menstrual problems should be core elements of reproductive health programs