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LTE-Advanced radio access enhancements: A survey
Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-Advanced) is the next step in LTE evolution and allows operators to improve network performance and service capabilities through smooth deployment of new techniques and technologies. LTE-Advanced uses some new features on top of the existing LTE standards to provide better user experience and higher throughputs. Some of the most significant features introduced in LTE-Advanced are carrier aggregation, enhancements in heterogeneous networks, coordinated multipoint transmission and reception, enhanced multiple input multiple output usage and deployment of relay nodes in the radio network. Mentioned features are mainly aimed to enhance the radio access part of the cellular networks. This survey article presents an overview of the key radio access features and functionalities of the LTE-Advanced radio access network, supported by the simulation results. We also provide a detailed review of the literature together with a very rich list of the references for each of the features. An LTE-Advanced roadmap and the latest updates and trends in LTE markets are also presented
A survey of self organisation in future cellular networks
This article surveys the literature over the period of the last decade on the emerging field of self organisation as applied to wireless cellular communication networks. Self organisation has been extensively studied and applied in adhoc networks, wireless sensor networks and autonomic computer networks; however in the context of wireless cellular networks, this is the first attempt to put in perspective the various efforts in form of a tutorial/survey. We provide a comprehensive survey of the existing literature, projects and standards in self organising cellular networks. Additionally, we also aim to present a clear understanding of this active research area, identifying a clear taxonomy and guidelines for design of self organising mechanisms. We compare strength and weakness of existing solutions and highlight the key research areas for further development. This paper serves as a guide and a starting point for anyone willing to delve into research on self organisation in wireless cellular communication networks
Dynamic Time-domain Duplexing for Self-backhauled Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks
Millimeter wave (mmW) bands between 30 and 300 GHz have attracted
considerable attention for next-generation cellular networks due to vast
quantities of available spectrum and the possibility of very high-dimensional
antenna ar-rays. However, a key issue in these systems is range: mmW signals
are extremely vulnerable to shadowing and poor high-frequency propagation.
Multi-hop relaying is therefore a natural technology for such systems to
improve cell range and cell edge rates without the addition of wired access
points. This paper studies the problem of scheduling for a simple
infrastructure cellular relay system where communication between wired base
stations and User Equipment follow a hierarchical tree structure through fixed
relay nodes. Such a systems builds naturally on existing cellular mmW backhaul
by adding mmW in the access links. A key feature of the proposed system is that
TDD duplexing selections can be made on a link-by-link basis due to directional
isolation from other links. We devise an efficient, greedy algorithm for
centralized scheduling that maximizes network utility by jointly optimizing the
duplexing schedule and resources allocation for dense, relay-enhanced OFDMA/TDD
mmW networks. The proposed algorithm can dynamically adapt to loading, channel
conditions and traffic demands. Significant throughput gains and improved
resource utilization offered by our algorithm over the static,
globally-synchronized TDD patterns are demonstrated through simulations based
on empirically-derived channel models at 28 GHz.Comment: IEEE Workshop on Next Generation Backhaul/Fronthaul Networks -
BackNets 201
On relay user equipment activation in beyond 5G radio access networks
This paper envisages a Beyond 5G (B5G) Radio Access Network (RAN) in which the relaying capabilities offered by user equipment (UE) are used as a way to improve the coverage and robustness of the network. The paper proposes and develops the functional framework for supporting the activation of the suitable relay UEs (RUEs) in coverage constrained scenarios. It is based on characterizing each potential RUE through a utility metric that measures the coverage enhancements brought to the network when the RUE is activated. To derive this metric for all the candidate RUEs, the framework considers the use of a Network Digital Twin that allows the offline analysis of different configurations in a fast and safe way. Using the proposed framework, a RUE activation algorithm is proposed and evaluated. The obtained results reflect that significant outage probability reductions can be obtained in the scenario under different traffic distributions thanks to the activation of the RUEs with the highest utility.This paper is part of ARTIST project (ref. PID2020- 115104RB-I00) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033. The work is also funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation and the European Union - NextGenerationEU under project OPTIMAIX_NDT (Ref. TSI-063000-2021-35).Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
Improving Third-Party Relaying for LTE-A: A Realistic Simulation Approach
In this article we propose solutions to diverse conflicts that result from
the deployment of the (still immature) relay node (RN) technology in LTE-A
networks. These conflicts and their possible solutions have been observed by
implementing standard-compliant relay functionalities on the Vienna simulator.
As an original experimental approach, we model realistic RN operation, taking
into account that transmitters are not active all the time due to half-duplex
RN operation. We have rearranged existing elements in the simulator in a manner
that emulates RN behavior, rather than implementing a standalone brand-new
component for the simulator. We also study analytically some of the issues
observed in the interaction between the network and the RNs, to draw
conclusions beyond simulation observation.
The main observations of this paper are that: ) Additional time-varying
interference management steps are needed, because the LTE-A standard employs a
fixed time division between eNB-RN and RN-UE transmissions (typical relay
capacity or throughput research models balance them optimally, which is
unrealistic nowadays); ) There is a trade-off between the time-division
constraints of relaying and multi-user diversity; the stricter the constraints
on relay scheduling are, the less flexibility schedulers have to exploit
channel variation; and ) Thee standard contains a variety of parameters
for relaying configuration, but not all cases of interest are covered.Comment: 17 one-column pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE ICC
2014 MW
Performance assessment of a radio access network augmented with user equipment enabled with relaying capabilities
This Master's Thesis is encompassed in a vision of a Beyond 5G (B5G) scenario, where the User Equipment is exploited not only to satisfy the specific needs of the user, but also to augment the Radio Access Network (RAN) infrastructure. The research work has consisted in studying and analysing the deployment of a network using UEs as relaying devices in order to achieve an augmented RAN that will be able to offer a better performance to the users, including higher spectral efficiency, and lower outage probability. The conducted studies have consisted in performing variations on the configuration parameters of the network, as well as characterising the relay nodes, by means of simulations. The obtained results have then been analysed, evaluating them in terms of spectral efficiency and outage probability, and a specific relay activation strategy has been proposed, which has proven to introduce improvements in the network performance
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