99 research outputs found

    Machine Learning Algorithm for the Scansion of Old Saxon Poetry

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    Several scholars designed tools to perform the automatic scansion of poetry in many languages, but none of these tools deal with Old Saxon or Old English. This project aims to be a first attempt to create a tool for these languages. We implemented a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) model to perform the automatic scansion of Old Saxon and Old English poems. Since this model uses supervised learning, we manually annotated the Heliand manuscript, and we used the resulting corpus as labeled dataset to train the model. The evaluation of the performance of the algorithm reached a 97% for the accuracy and a 99% of weighted average for precision, recall and F1 Score. In addition, we tested the model with some verses from the Old Saxon Genesis and some from The Battle of Brunanburh, and we observed that the model predicted almost all Old Saxon metrical patterns correctly misclassified the majority of the Old English input verses

    LIPIcs, Volume 277, GIScience 2023, Complete Volume

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    LIPIcs, Volume 277, GIScience 2023, Complete Volum

    12th International Conference on Geographic Information Science: GIScience 2023, September 12–15, 2023, Leeds, UK

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    SIS 2017. Statistics and Data Science: new challenges, new generations

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    The 2017 SIS Conference aims to highlight the crucial role of the Statistics in Data Science. In this new domain of ‘meaning’ extracted from the data, the increasing amount of produced and available data in databases, nowadays, has brought new challenges. That involves different fields of statistics, machine learning, information and computer science, optimization, pattern recognition. These afford together a considerable contribute in the analysis of ‘Big data’, open data, relational and complex data, structured and no-structured. The interest is to collect the contributes which provide from the different domains of Statistics, in the high dimensional data quality validation, sampling extraction, dimensional reduction, pattern selection, data modelling, testing hypotheses and confirming conclusions drawn from the data

    Logics of China-Chile Relations: A Post-Marxist Approach to Re-Politicizing China’s Presence in Latin America

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    When it comes to explaining China’s presence in Latin America, there are significant gaps in the International Studies literature. Existing research focuses on trade, investment and infrastructure, suggesting that pragmatic considerations and material interests determine these relationships. However, no single study exists that adequately accounts for their political and ideological dimensions. This thesis fills this void by taking as its starting point an unprecedented set of experiences that have transformed China-Chile relations during the last decades. It proposes new terms to account for international relations, building on post-Marxist discourse theory: the notion of international practice is developed to account for the significance of Chile-China relationships at different historical conjunctures. In this account, observed political convergences and divergences embody logics of international relations, and the concept of the ‘empty signifier’ helps to locate different moments of ideological objectivation. Based on the ontology of the instability of objects, this study develops a research strategy that reframes the way international relations theory understands ideas and material factors, developing three key claims. First, two socialist countries can arrive at antagonistic understandings of socialism and yet articulate ideological convergences around other elements. Second, a communist country can conceal its political divergence from an anti-communist regime by redefining its ideological horizon. Thirdly, the signature of China’s first free trade agreement can be understood as the articulation of political demands and the ideological concealment of antagonisms rather than a result of technocratic decisions informed by economic complementarities. The findings suggest that the significance of China’s presence in Latin America depends on how each country articulates the other as an element of its foreign policy and vice-versa. The thesis thus aims to shift our perspective away from dominant interpretations that reduce China to the image of a rising power encroaching on the backyard of the United States

    The Prague School and Theories of Structure

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    Diese Reihe untersucht Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede von Natur- und Geisteswissenschaftlichen. Das Konzept des »Einflusses« bzw. des »gegenseitigen Einflusses« soll zugunsten eines dynamischeren Konzepts des »Interfacing« (Verbindung/Vernetzung) hinterfragt werden. Ein grundlegender Ausgangspunkt ist die Erkenntnis, dass die beiden Wissenssphären, die geistes- und die naturwissenschaftliche, häufig zur gleichen Zeit neue Untersuchungsmodelle entwickeln und damit auf komplexe wissenschaftliche und kulturelle Phänomene reagieren. Das Konzept des »Interfacing« impliziert eine integrierte Sicht neuer Wissensgebiete in neuen Kontexten. Nicht länger an der traditionellen Vorstellung von »Ursache und Wirkung« gebunden, impliziert der Isomorphismus Gleichzeitigkeit statt Konsequentialität. Nicht immer beeinflusst die eine Sphäre die andere; Isomorphismus impliziert gemeinsame Entdeckungen, durch die beide Bereichen zur gleichen Zeit neue investigative Modelle und Darstellungssysteme entwickeln. Dialog und gegenseitiges Verständnis zwischen den beiden sogenannten »zwei Kulturen« werden so stimuliert. Wichtige Forschungsbereiche sind Interfacing-Modelle und Paradigmen in den Natur- und Geisteswissenschaften, kulturell bedingte Darstellungen von Naturwissenschaft und Technologie, wissenschaftliche Entdeckungen und narrative Diskurse, Lebenserinnerungen von Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern, das Überschreiten von Grenzen zwischen Natur- und Geisteswissenschaft durch Lernen sowie die Bereicherung der Geisteswissenschaften durch angewandte Naturwissenschaften, einschließlich der Informationstechnologien. Die Reihe umfasst sowohl Monographien als auch Essaysammlungen in englischer, deutscher, französischer und italienischer Sprache. Das Nebeneinander verschiedener Sprachen zeugt von der Intention von Herausgeberschaft und wissenschaftlichem Beirats, ein integriertes Wissen aus europäischer Perspektive herauszubilden

    The use of computer science practices and methods for developing social simulations to stimulate changes in travellers’ mode choice

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    In this thesis, Computer Science practices and methods including Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence techniques are explored to incorporate Human Factors and Psychology knowledge in a structured way into agent-based models to model modal shift in a social system. Observations of peoples’ behaviours in social systems regarding choice-making suggest that they tend to have preferences among the available alternatives in many situations. Experts in the domain of Psychology have been interested in the relationships that exist between the psychological processes (factors) and peoples’ behaviours. Human Factors’ experts are concerned with, among other things, the study of factors and development of tools that improve users’ experiences. The findings from the literature suggest that the two groups have been working from the perspective of their domains without much collaboration. Also, no known framework or methodology offers the required collaborative modelling support and techniques to model people’s emotion as they traverse the system. The aim of this thesis is, therefore, to provide modelling techniques that better support the use of Human Factors and Psychology knowledge in understanding factors that influence travellers’ decision-making in travel mode choice so as to stimulate changes in their behaviours. The support also provides collaboration among relevant stakeholders to work on modal shift project in the transport system. The method adopted in carrying out the research reported in this thesis is informed by the descriptive, developmental, and exploratory nature of the objectives of the research. Our novel methodology which includes a framework is named MOdal SHift (MOSH) methodology. Its development process involves the use of design principles that include encapsulation, data abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism in defining and integrating the Human Factors and Psychology practices into the methodology. The structures and behaviours of the system components are described and documented using the Unified Modelling Language (UML) as a standard specification language to promote uniform communication among a group of experts. The decision variable decomposition module and techniques for deriving travellers’ emotions that correspond to their context involved the use of the Fuzzy sets system. The methodology contains guides that include the process map diagram showing the major stages in the methodology as well as the step-by-step development guidelines. To verify and to validate the methodology, two case studies in the transport domain are selected. The first case study aims at demonstrating the use of the framework included in the methodology for policy formulation. The second case study has the goal of demonstrating the use of the methodology for understanding individuals’ abilities to satisfy travel requirements. Data Science methods including both supervised and unsupervised learning algorithms are applied at relevant stages of the case studies. The reflection from the cases investigated with the MOSH methodology reveals its novelty in modelling interdependencies among the transport system’s constraints and in modelling travellers’ emotional state as they traverse the transport system’s environment. In addition, the adoption of the standard specification language in the design of the methodology provides the means for easy communication and transfer of knowledge among stakeholders. The use of Software Engineering tools and methods in conjunction with the agent-based modelling paradigm in the MOSH methodology design and development phases promotes the separation of concerns for the interrelated and non-linear levels of organisation within a sociotechnical system. It also promotes extensibility of various aspect of the methodology as a result of the independence among the components and makes reusability of relevant aspects possible when there are needs to use the same functionality in a new project. The agent-based modelling paradigm provides opportunities for investigating the interactions among the agents and the environment as well as providing insights into the various complex interrelated behaviours
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