Popular education and the digital citizen: a genealogical analysis

This paper historicises and problematises the concept of the digital citizen and how it is constructed in Sweden today. Specifically, it examines the role of popular education in such an entanglement. It makes use of a genealogical analysis to produce a critical ‘history of the present’ by mapping out the debates and controversies around the emergence of the digital citizen in the 1970s and 1980s, and following to its manifestations in contemporary debates. This article argues that free and voluntary adult education (popular education) is and has been fundamental in efforts to construe the digital citizen. A central argument of the paper is that popular education aiming for digital inclusion is not a 21st century phenomenon; it actually commenced in the 1970s. However, this digitisation of citizens has also changed focus dramatically since the 1970s. During the 1970s, computers and computerisation were described as disconcerting, and as requiring popular education in order to counter the risk of the technology “running wild”. In current discourses, digitalisation is constructed in a non-ideological and post-political way. These post-political tendencies of today can be referred to as a post-digital present where computers have become so ordinary, domesticized and ubiquitous in everyday life that they are thereby also beyond criticism. (DIPF/Orig.

This is what I'm doing and why: reflections on a think-aloud study of digital library users' information behaviour

Many user-centred studies of digital libraries include a think-aloud element – where users are asked to verbalise their thoughts, interface actions and sometimes their feelings whilst using digital libraries to help them complete one or more information tasks. These studies are usually conducted with the purpose of identifying usability issues related to the system(s) used or understanding aspects of users‟ information behaviour. However, few of these studies present detailed accounts of how their think-aloud data was collected and analysed or provide detailed reflection on their methodologies. In this paper, we discuss and reflect on the decisions made when planning and conducting a think-aloud study of lawyers‟ interactive information behaviour. Our discussion is framed by Blandford et al.‟s PRET A Rapporter („ready to report‟) framework – a framework that can be used to plan, conduct and describe user-centred studies of digital library use from an information work perspective

Dose response severity functions for acoustic disturbance in cetaceans using recurrent event survival analysis

This work was financially supported by the U. S. Office of Naval Research grant N00014‐12‐1‐0204, under the project “Multi‐study Ocean acoustics Human effects Analysis” (MOCHA). . L. Tyack received funding from the MASTS pooling initiative (The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland) and their support is gratefully acknowledged. MASTS is funded by the Scottish Funding Council (grant reference HR09011) and contributing institutions. The case study data were provided by the 3S project, which was funded by the U.S. Office of Naval Research, the Norwegian Ministry of Defense, the Netherlands Ministry of Defense, and WWF Norway.Behavioral response studies (BRSs) aim to enhance our understanding of the behavior changes made by animals in response to specific exposure levels of different stimuli, often presented in an increasing dosage. Here, we focus on BRSs that aim to understand behavioral responses of free-ranging whales and dolphins to manmade acoustic signals (although the methods are applicable more generally). One desired outcome of these studies is dose-response functions relevant to different species, signals and contexts. We adapted and applied recurrent event survival analysis (Cox proportional hazard models) to data from the 3S BRS project, where multiple behavioral responses of different severities had been observed per experimental exposure and per individual based upon expert scoring. We included species, signal type, exposure number and behavioral state prior to exposure as potential covariates. The best model included all main effect terms, with the exception of exposure number, as well as two interaction terms. The interactions between signal and behavioral state, and between species and behavioral state highlighted that the sensitivity of animals to different signal types (a 6–7 kHz upsweep sonar signal [MFAS] or a 1–2 kHz upsweep sonar signal [LFAS]) depended on their behavioral state (feeding or nonfeeding), and this differed across species. Of the three species included in this analysis (sperm whale [Physeter macrocephalus], killer whale [Orcinus orca] and long-finned pilot whale [Globicephala melas]), killer whales were consistently the most likely to exhibit behavioral responses to naval sonar exposure. We conclude that recurrent event survival analysis provides an effective framework for fitting dose-response severity functions to data from behavioral response studies. It can provide outputs that can help government and industry to evaluate the potential impacts of anthropogenic sound production in the ocean.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Ledet til lederutvikling. Nasjonal rektorutdanning i grunn- og videregående skole; forskjeller og likheter mellom de seks programtilbudene. Delrapport 2 fra Evaluering av den nasjonale rektorutdanningen

Den foreliggende delrapporten er den andre av fire rapporter fra følgeevalueringen av den nasjonale rektorutdanningen – et initiativ iverksatt av Utdanningsdirektoratet for rektorer og skoleledere i grunn- og videregående opplæring

Note sur Stasisia rodhaini Gedoelst

La collection du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle de Paris comprend un exemplaire du groupe des Calliphorinae, qui se rapprochait des genres que nous avons étudiés, sans s'y rapporter cependant. L'exemplaire mâle de la collection du Muséum avait été recueilli par E. HAUG dans le Bas-Ogooué, entre Lambaréné et la mer, en I9or. D'après les indications qui nous avaient été données, nous pensions que l'insecte décrit sous le nom de Cordylobia Rodhaini GEDOELST, et dont on ne connaissait que les femelles, devait se rapporter à ce genre; grâce à l'amabilité du Profr. GEDOELST, nous avons pu obtenir communication du type et, comme nous le supposions, Cordylobia Rodhaini fem. se rapporte à notre nouveau genre Stasisia

Quelle relation entre l’écrit académique et l’écrit professionnel? Une étude de cas dans le domaine du travail social [What is the relationship between academic writing and professional writing? A case study in the field of social work]

Beaucoup d'étudiants, dans l'enseignement supérieur, suivent des cours à orientation professionnelle. Cet article se focalise sur un projet d’« ethnographie de texte », concernant l’écriture des assistants sociaux pendant leur formation et sur leur terrain professionnel, avec cinq assistants sociaux comme co-chercheurs. L’article examine les ressemblances et les différences entre l’écriture pratiquée dans les cours universitaires et dans le travail quotidien. Une conclusion importante de la recherche est qu’en général on ne prête pas suffisamment d’attention pédagogique à l’écriture – tant aux textes qu’aux pratiques – que les assistants sociaux doivent produire dans les contextes professionnels

Contracting under Ex Post Moral Hazard and Non-Commitment

This paper characterizes the optimal insurance contract in an environment where an informed agent can misrepresent the state of the world to a principal who cannot credibly commit to an auditing strategy. Because the principal cannot commit, the optimal strategy of the agent is not to tell the truth all the time. Assuming that there are T > 1 possible losses, and that the agent cannot fake an accident (he is constrained only to misreport the size of the loss when a loss occurs), the optimal contract is such that higher losses are over-compensated while lower losses are on average under-compensated. The amount by which higher losses are over-compensated decreases as the loss increases. The optimal contract may then be represented as a simple combination of a deductible, a lump-sum payment and a coinsurance provision. Ce document de travail caractérise le contrat optimal dans une économie où un agent informé de l'état de la nature doit rapporter cet état à un principal qui ne peut se commettre de manière crédible dans une stratégie de vérification de l'annonce de l'agent. Puisque le principal ne peut se commettre, il devient optimal pour l'agent de mentir avec une certaine probabilité. En supposant qu'il existe T>1 pertes possibles en cas d'accident, que l'agent ne peut feindre un accident (il est restreint à rapporter la perte en cas d'accident,0501s la présence d'un accident est une information de nature commune), le contrat optimal est tel que les hautes pertes sont sur-indemnisées alors que les faibles pertes sont sous-indemnisées en moyenne. Le niveau de sur-indemnisation des hautes pertes diminue toutefois avec la perte elle-même. Le contrat optimal peut ainsi être représenté comme une simple combinaison d'une franchise, d'un paiement forfaitaire et de co-paiements.Non-commitment, insurance, ex post moral hazard, contract theory, Absence d'engagement, assurance, aléa moral ex post, théorie des contrats