The EU’s competence to conclude trade agreements: the EU-Singapore Opinion

A definitive reassessment of the constitutional, economic, institutional and judicial dimensions of the EU internal market, including Brexit

The Moral Significance of Indetectable Effects

A reassessment of Parfit\u27s fifth mistake in moral mathematics

Sounding rocket reliability reassessment

Sounding rocket reliability - failure mode

Provider Self-Report and Practice: Reassessment and Referral of Emergency Department Patients With Elevated Blood Pressure

Background We attempted to identify patient factors associated with blood pressure (BP) reassessment and to compare health-care provider self-reported reassessment and referral to actual practice in an emergency department (ED) setting. Methods Provider reassessment and referral practices were determined through systematic review of 1,250 medical records at five EDs. Medical records were included if patients were ≥18 years, nonpregnant, presented with a systolic (SBP) ≥140 or diastolic BP (DBP) ≥90 mm Hg, and discharged. A separate questionnaire obtained self-reported practice patterns of health-care providers. Multivariate logistic regression identified factors associated with patient BP reassessment and referral. Results Of 1,250 patients, only 57% underwent BP reassessment and 9% received a referral for outpatient management. The most significant independent variables related to a reassessment were as follows: treatment of elevated BP in the ED (odds ratio (OR): 6.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.80-20.31), chest pain (OR: 3.90; 95% CI: 2.37-6.42), and presence of an ED reassessment protocol (OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.77-3.50). The most significant factors associated with a referral included treatment of elevated BP in the ED (OR: 5.55; 95% CI: 2.72-11.32), presence of a reassessment protocol (OR: 2.58; 95% CI: 1.32-5.05), and a BP reassessment (OR: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.34-4.89). For self-reported practice patterns, 379 (72%) health-care providers completed questionnaires. Providers consistently overestimated their referral practices, yet the mean referral threshold values reported (SBP, 150 mm Hg; DBP, 93 mm Hg) were lower than the mean BP values of patients who actually received a directed referral (SBP, 170 mm Hg; DBP, 97 mm Hg, P < 0.0001). Conclusions Reassessment and referral of discharged ED patients with elevated BP was infrequent and health-care providers overestimate their reassessment and referral effort

The promises of educational technology: a reassessment

The claims made for educational technology have not always been realized. Many programmes in education based on media and technology have produced useful documentation and supportive research; others have failed. The current, comprehensive definition of educational technology is a helpful key to understanding how a problem-solving orientation is necessary to approach teaching/learning designs. The process of educational technology begins with an analysis of the problem, rather than with the medium as a solution. Examples of appropriate applications come from open universities and primary schools where distance, time, insufficient personnel, and inadequate facilities have led to a search for alternative means for teaching and learning. Less successful programmes tended to have confused goals and an emphasis on one medium. They also lacked: support services, staff training, quality software and a system focus. The threads which run through the more successful programmes are described. The lessons learned from fifty years of media and technology development in education and training are discussed with an eye toward the future. It is clear that educational technology as a problem-solving process will lead the field into the twenty-first century

The Judiciary and Education Reform: A Reassessment

Professor Areen examines the judicial attempt to provide equal educational opportunity, and questions the basic premises upon which judicial intervention is based. The author concludes that judicial efforts to equalize educational opportunity have been misdirected. The goals sought to be attained by judicial intervention must be reconsidered before an effective education can be provided for all

Macroeconomics after Keynes: a reconsideration of the general theory

This reassessment of J. M. Keynes's The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money results from the author's experience in using Keynes's book as the core of her macroeconomics courses for undergraduates. It is intended to encourage others to bring the General Theory back into mainstream teaching, because it "gives a far richer understanding of the structure of macroeconomic interactions and methods of analysing them than much of what has been written since.

Does Inflation Targeting Matter? A Reassessment

This paper uses a number of identification approaches (using instrumental variables, assumptions about heteroscedasticity and panel fixed effects) to estimate the effect of inflation targeting on inflation. Generally, it finds the effect is small and insignificant.Inflation; Monetary policy

Recent developments in business lending by commercial banks

After growing rapidly during much of the 1990s, the real value of commercial and industrial (C&I) loans at domestic commercial banks and at U.S. branches and agencies of foreign banks has fallen 19 percent since the beginning of 2001. The recent contraction in business loans has been concentrated at large banking institutions and appears to stem from the combined effects of weak demand for credit and a tightening of lending standards and terms. The move toward a more-stringent lending posture, although partly cyclical, also reflects a reassessment of the risks and returns of C&I lending. This reassessment, in turn, is due partly to structural changes in the market, including the increased participation of nonbank financial institutions, the growth of the secondary loan market, and the greater use of credit derivatives by some banks.Commercial loans ; Bank loans