A Comprehensive Study Of Energy Efficient Routing In Wsn Towards Qos

The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an emerging field of wireless network comprising of few to many autonomous tiny sensors nodes, with limited processing, limited memory, limited battery power, limited bandwidth and limited wireless transmission capabilities. The life time of the sensor node depends upon the battery power. WSN are commonly used to monitor environmental conditions like temperature, sound and pressure etc. WSN is an application of MANET. Wireless sensor node collects data and sends back to the sink or Base Station (BS). Data transmission is normally multi-hop among sensor nodes that enable these nodes to transmit data from hop to hop towards the sink or BS. Wireless sensor network requires robust and energy efficient communication protocols to minimize the energy consumption as much as possible.  Main penalty area of researchers is to design the energy efficient routing protocol. Routing protocols should be energy efficient, scalable and prolong the network lifetime.But Quality of Service QoS is also a challenge for energy efficient routing protocols for researchers. QoSneeds a multi-layerlinespanning using the different layer protocol architecture. In this paper, we enlighten the energy efficient routing towards QoS in WSNs and proposes a solutionfor the QoS layer in energy efficient routing techniques in WSNs and finally, highlight some open problems and future direction of research for given that QoS in WSNs

Comprehensive Survey Congestion Control Mechanisms in Wireless Sensor Networks:Comprehensive Survey

Wireless sensor network (WSN) occupies the top rank of the widely used networks for gathering different type of information from different averments. WSN has nodes with limited resources so congestion can cause a critical damage to such network where it limited resources can be exhausted. Many approaches has been proposed to deal with this problem. In this paper, different proposed algorithm for congestion detection, notification, mitigation and avoidance has been listed and discussed. These algorithms has been investigated by presenting its advantages and disadvantages. This paper provides a robust background for readers and researches for wireless sensor networks congestion control approaches. Keywords: WSN, Congestion Control, congestion mitigation, congestion detection, sink channel load, buffer load

Workload Cluster Balance Algorithm to Improve Wireless Sensor Network Performance

Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) became in one of the important technologies in our days in which it is applied in many applications and domains. The low cost technology of the WSNs is the first obstacle to improve performance in these applications. However, the usual methods of routing algorithm cannot be applied in WSNs. Consequently, an adaptive routing algorithm is critical issue in the current deployment of WSN applications. The main contribution of this paper is to develop a new routing protocol that address performance challenges in WSNs this will consequent extend the network lifetime of WSN. Moreover, this proposed algorithm uses a new cluster system to define a route from source node to sink node in which the balance load cluster routing algorithm consists to balance the workload between the different nodes to keep the lifetime for the whole network. As a result, the proposed algorithm improve the network lifetime by 22% compare to existing algorithms and the average of the energy consumption is decreased by 18%

A survey on subjecting electronic product code and non-ID objects to IP identification

Over the last decade, both research on the Internet of Things (IoT) and real-world IoT applications have grown exponentially. The IoT provides us with smarter cities, intelligent homes, and generally more comfortable lives. However, the introduction of these devices has led to several new challenges that must be addressed. One of the critical challenges facing interacting with IoT devices is to address billions of devices (things) around the world, including computers, tablets, smartphones, wearable devices, sensors, and embedded computers, and so on. This article provides a survey on subjecting Electronic Product Code and non-ID objects to IP identification for IoT devices, including their advantages and disadvantages thereof. Different metrics are here proposed and used for evaluating these methods. In particular, the main methods are evaluated in terms of their: (i) computational overhead, (ii) scalability, (iii) adaptability, (iv) implementation cost, and (v) whether applicable to already ID-based objects and presented in tabular format. Finally, the article proves that this field of research will still be ongoing, but any new technique must favorably offer the mentioned five evaluative parameters.Comment: 112 references, 8 figures, 6 tables, Journal of Engineering Reports, Wiley, 2020 (Open Access

Routing for Intermittently-Powered Sensing Systems

Recently, intermittent computing (IC) has received tremendous attention due to its high potential in perpetual sensing for Internet-of-Things (IoT). By harvesting ambient energy, battery-free devices can perform sensing intermittently without maintenance, thus significantly improving IoT sustainability. To build a practical intermittently-powered sensing system, efficient routing across battery-free devices for data delivery is essential. However, the intermittency of these devices brings new challenges, rendering existing routing protocols inapplicable. In this paper, we propose RICS, the first-of-its-kind routing scheme tailored for intermittently-powered sensing systems. RICS features two major designs, with the goal of achieving low-latency data delivery on a network built with battery-free devices. First, RICS incorporates a fast topology construction protocol for each IC node to establish a path towards the sink node with the least hop count. Second, RICS employs a low-latency message forwarding protocol, which incorporates an efficient synchronization mechanism and a novel technique called pendulum-sync to avoid the time-consuming repeated node synchronization. Our evaluation based on an implementation in OMNeT++ and comprehensive experiments with varying system settings show that RICS can achieve orders of magnitude latency reduction in data delivery compared with the baselines

DEVELOPMENT & IMPLEMENTATION of an QoS-AWARE ROUTING in WIRELESS SENSOR MESH AND MULTI-HOP NETWORKS

Wireless Sensor Network (WsN) is contributing as one of the most important roles in communication and data transfer nowadays. With the high demand in providing real time application in WSNs, quality of service (QoS) became the top priority in designing a real reliable, energy efficient, priority based and delay guarantee routing protocol. This paper emphasize on the selection of suitable routing protocol and implementation of the selected routing which leads to improvement on the selected routing protocol. In this project, the author will look into the various WsN routing protocol such as Sequential Assignment Routing (SAR), Message-initiated Constrained-based Routing (MCBR), Multi-Path and Multi-SPEED Routing (MMSPEED) and Energy Efficient and QoS Multipath Routing (EQSR) in order to choose the suitable routing protocol to be implemented. The selection of suitable routing protocol is purely based on the QoS metric where data priority, reliability, end to end delay, energy efficiency and network lifetime is taken into consideration. Before the implementation of selected routing protocol, the author will try and implement Ad-hoc On Demand Vector (AODV) routing protocol so that author can familiarize himself with the software and hardware that is used in this project and from there author will do some modification so that the running AODV routing protocol can have the selected routing protocol behavior. All the results in shown in graphs and tables

DEVELOPMENT & IMPLEMENTATION of an QoS-AWARE ROUTING in WIRELESS SENSOR MESH AND MULTI-HOP NETWORKS

Wireless Sensor Network (WsN) is contributing as one of the most important roles in communication and data transfer nowadays. With the high demand in providing real time application in WSNs, quality of service (QoS) became the top priority in designing a real reliable, energy efficient, priority based and delay guarantee routing protocol. This paper emphasize on the selection of suitable routing protocol and implementation of the selected routing which leads to improvement on the selected routing protocol. In this project, the author will look into the various WsN routing protocol such as Sequential Assignment Routing (SAR), Message-initiated Constrained-based Routing (MCBR), Multi-Path and Multi-SPEED Routing (MMSPEED) and Energy Efficient and QoS Multipath Routing (EQSR) in order to choose the suitable routing protocol to be implemented. The selection of suitable routing protocol is purely based on the QoS metric where data priority, reliability, end to end delay, energy efficiency and network lifetime is taken into consideration. Before the implementation of selected routing protocol, the author will try and implement Ad-hoc On Demand Vector (AODV) routing protocol so that author can familiarize himself with the software and hardware that is used in this project and from there author will do some modification so that the running AODV routing protocol can have the selected routing protocol behavior. All the results in shown in graphs and tables

Quality of Information in Mobile Crowdsensing: Survey and Research Challenges

Smartphones have become the most pervasive devices in people's lives, and are clearly transforming the way we live and perceive technology. Today's smartphones benefit from almost ubiquitous Internet connectivity and come equipped with a plethora of inexpensive yet powerful embedded sensors, such as accelerometer, gyroscope, microphone, and camera. This unique combination has enabled revolutionary applications based on the mobile crowdsensing paradigm, such as real-time road traffic monitoring, air and noise pollution, crime control, and wildlife monitoring, just to name a few. Differently from prior sensing paradigms, humans are now the primary actors of the sensing process, since they become fundamental in retrieving reliable and up-to-date information about the event being monitored. As humans may behave unreliably or maliciously, assessing and guaranteeing Quality of Information (QoI) becomes more important than ever. In this paper, we provide a new framework for defining and enforcing the QoI in mobile crowdsensing, and analyze in depth the current state-of-the-art on the topic. We also outline novel research challenges, along with possible directions of future work.Comment: To appear in ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN