Punctuation in Quoted Speech

Quoted speech is often set off by punctuation marks, in particular quotation marks. Thus, it might seem that the quotation marks would be extremely useful in identifying these structures in texts. Unfortunately, the situation is not quite so clear. In this work, I will argue that quotation marks are not adequate for either identifying or constraining the syntax of quoted speech. More useful information comes from the presence of a quoting verb, which is either a verb of saying or a punctual verb, and the presence of other punctuation marks, usually commas. Using a lexicalized grammar, we can license most quoting clauses as text adjuncts. A distinction will be made not between direct and indirect quoted speech, but rather between adjunct and non-adjunct quoting clauses.Comment: 11 pages, 11 ps figures, Proceedings of SIGPARSE 96 - Punctuation in Computational Linguistic

Decoding and Encoding the Discourse Meaning of Punctuation: a Perspective from English-to-Chinese Translation

This exploratory research examines translation students’ use of punctuation, by applying Newmark’s (1988) classical idea of punctuation as a discourse unit for meaning demarcation. Data were collected from a group of 25 Chinese students studying specialised translation at a British university. The research focuses on the use of two punctuation marks in English: comma and period or full stop. The aim is to investigate how students of translation analyse the meaning of a source text with punctuation marks and how they subsequently convert this meaning into the target language again using punctuation marks. It is found that students generally do not automatically copy the punctuation marks of the source text into the translation. They will customize or modify the original punctuation marks according to their meaning analysis of the text and their knowledge of punctuation in source and target languages. Finally, we will discuss the implications of the research for translation education

A Tag For Punctuation

In this paper I will argue that it may be useful to introduce a special tag (e.g. ) for punctuation marks, which could join the TEI Analysis module along with , , and other "segLike" elements. I will first discuss the reasons why punctuation marks may need tagging, and then consider the TEI tags that might be used for that purpose. None of them appears to be perfect for this job. After discussing linguistic properties of punctuation marks, I will propose a tentative formal definition for the element

Punctuation Marks in Play Titles

In a recent article in the New York Times, Mickey Spillane -- the creator of that hard-hitting 1950s detective Mike Hammer -- discussed a forthcoming musical based upon his work, Oh, Mike! In the course of the discussion, the best-selling author observed Any title with punctuation is fantastic. Now, Mr. Spillane is a shrewd man and I think he has a point. Indeed there is a recent trend to add exclamation marks to titles in order to elicit a sense of excitement. Oh! Calcutta!, for example, has two exclamation marks and a number of musicals, such as Fiorello!, Oklahoma!, and Red, Hot, and Blue!, have featured one. Even straight plays have used the exclamation mark -- Ah, Wilderness! by Eugene O\u27Neill is probably the most famous example, but we probably shouldn\u27t forget the 1943 production of You Touched Me! by Tennessee Williams and Donald Windham. How much a single or even double punctuation mark contributes to the success or failure of a play is certainly open to debate, but try to imagine how those above-named titles would look without exclamation points. Dull? Indeed

Analyzing students’ awareness of using appropriate punctuation marks in dialogue text (a descriptive study with eighth grade students of MTs Darul Ulum Semarang in the academic year of 2009/2010)

The background of this study is based on phenomenon that the use of punctuation marks were often less considered by the eighth grade students of MTs Darul Ulum Semarang in the academic year of 2009/2010. Some of them regarded that the presence of marks in writing would not influence their writing of being understood by readers. They just wrote and punctuated their writing automatically without having enough attention toward the importance of punctuation marks. The purpose of this study can be described as follow: 1. To find out errors of using punctuation marks in dialogue text which are encountered by eighth grade students of MTs Darul Ulum Semarang in the academic year of 2009/2010 when they were punctuating unmarked dialogue text. 2. To describe factors which cause the errors of using punctuation marks in dialogue text. 3. To know how students’ awareness of using appropriate punctuation mark in dialogue text. This is a descriptive quantitative study. The object of this study is the eighth grade students of MTs Darul Ulum Semarang in the academic year of 2009/2010. The method of collecting data is using test and interview. Meanwhile, a statistical analysis and interpretation are applied to analyze the data of this study. The result of this study shows that there are 686 total errors of students’ punctuations which are dominated by capital letter, comma, question mark, full stop, colon, Apostrophe, and semicolon. Besides that, there are also 1087 errors of students’ typical errors and they are divided into: over generalization, ignorance of rule restriction, incomplete application of rule and false concept hypothesized. There are three major factors which caused students’ punctuation those are students, teacher, and syllabus design factor. For a whole level awareness of using appropriate punctuation marks in dialogue text by the eighth grade students of MTs Darul Ulum Semarang in the academic year of 2009/2010, they can be said have GOOD LEVEL of awareness because they had answered total 3627 of 4368 items correctly or about 83.035% of total questions correctl

Analyzing atudents’ awareness of using appropriate punctuation marks in dialogue text (a descriptive study with eighth grade students of MTs Darul Ulum Semarang in the academic year of 2009/2010)

The background of this study is based on phenomenon that the use of punctuation marks were often less considered by the eighth grade students of MTs Darul Ulum Semarang in the academic year of 2009/2010. Some of them regarded that the presence of marks in writing would not influence their writing of being understood by readers. They just wrote and punctuated their writing automatically without having enough attention toward the importance of punctuation marks. The purpose of this study can be described as follow: 1. To find out errors of using punctuation marks in dialogue text which are encountered by eighth grade students of MTs Darul Ulum Semarang in the academic year of 2009/2010 when they were punctuating unmarked dialogue text. 2. To describe factors which cause the errors of using punctuation marks in dialogue text. 3. To know how students’ awareness of using appropriate punctuation mark in dialogue text. This is a descriptive quantitative study. The object of this study is the eighth grade students of MTs Darul Ulum Semarang in the academic year of 2009/2010. The method of collecting data is using test and interview. Meanwhile, a statistical analysis and interpretation are applied to analyze the data of this study. The result of this study shows that there are 686 total errors of students’ punctuations which are dominated by capital letter, comma, question mark, full stop, colon, Apostrophe, and semicolon. Besides that, there are also 1087 errors of students’ typical errors and they are divided into: over generalization, ignorance of rule restriction, incomplete application of rule and false concept hypothesized. There are three major factors which caused students’ punctuation those are students, teacher, and syllabus design factor. For a whole level awareness of using appropriate punctuation marks in dialogue text by the eighth grade students of MTs Darul Ulum Semarang in the academic year of 2009/2010, they can be said have GOOD LEVEL of awareness because they had answered total 3627 of 4368 items correctly or about 83.035% of total questions correctl

An Error Analysis on The Use of Punctuation Marks in Students’ Writing (A Study at Second Semester Students of English Department of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta)

The study investigated how the students used 11 punctuation marks in sentences. The aim of the studies are to describe types of punctuation marks that are frequently used incorrectly and to describe the frequently errors made by the second semester students of English department of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. The instrument in the study was an essay test of 11 punctuation marks consisting 10 items. The subjects of the study were 100 students of the second semester of English Department of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. The result shows that the most dominant type of errors made by students are exclamation, period and comma. The highest kinds of error was omission

Punctuation effects in English and Esperanto texts

A statistical physics study of punctuation effects on sentence lengths is presented for written texts: {\it Alice in wonderland} and {\it Through a looking glass}. The translation of the first text into esperanto is also considered as a test for the role of punctuation in defining a style, and for contrasting natural and artificial, but written, languages. Several log-log plots of the sentence length-rank relationship are presented for the major punctuation marks. Different power laws are observed with characteristic exponents. The exponent can take a value much less than unity ($ca.$ 0.50 or 0.30) depending on how a sentence is defined. The texts are also mapped into time series based on the word frequencies. The quantitative differences between the original and translated texts are very minutes, at the exponent level. It is argued that sentences seem to be more reliable than word distributions in discussing an author style.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures (3x2+1), 60 reference

THE ANALYSIS OF PUNCTUATION USE IN UNPUNCTUATED PASSAGES: A DISCOURSE-GRAPHOLOGY PERSPECTIVE

Diski Eginda Rismianti. 14111310149. The Analysis of Punctuation Use in Unpunctuated Passages: A Discourse-Graphology Perspective. Punctuation is the basic element in writing which is important to clarify meaning. Without punctuation or ignoring the rule of punctuation in a passage, the writing will be ambiguous. The writing course in IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon is studied by English Student in 5 levels. Based the phenomenon, this research aims to find out the students’ error in the use of punctuation and how does the use relate to the meaning of restrictive and nonrestrictive elements. The analyses process in this research is constructed based on the theory from Marcella Frank. This research used qualitative method in analyzing data where the data contains the two original passages which is taken from the book of academic writing and the three participants’ work which are got by examining the passages as a main data source to be analyzed in this research. Those passages are changed be unpunctuated passages then examined to the 3 EFL learner which comes from the high score, medium score, and low score of writing. The result of this analysis shows that there are fifteen punctuation marks which are used in the two passages; they are capitalization, periods, commas, semicolons, colons, quotation marks, parentheses, apostrophes, hyphen, en dashes, ellipses, percent, underscore, at sign, and citation. FP has highest number of error in Capitalization with 100%. SP has big problem in commas exactly in the nineteenth rule with 90% and TP are wrong in parentheses. For restrictive and nonrestrictive elements, restrictive elements has higher number than nonrestrictive elements, except is in appositive. The numbers of the elements are same with the three participants. The differences come from the number of appositive which passages has higher number of nonrestrictive appositive than restrictive appositives. The results show that punctuation in unpunctuated passages used the rule from APA (American Psychological Association). The effects of the use of punctuation are in the number of sentences and clauses, types of phrases, and restrictive and nonrestrictive elements. For the students’ error, there are some sentences in FP and TP which only contain phrase. Key words: Punctuation Marks, Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clause, Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Phrase, Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Appositives

Poesía vanguardista en México: la generación de la revista "Contemporáneos

© Medwell Journals, 2016.The study is devoted to the analysis of some tendencies in contemporary punctuation from the viewpoint of optionality. The analysis is based on the Russian and English languages. In the article the brief description of the optionality phenomenon is given. The analysis of active trends in punctuation allows to speak about the formation of new regulations involving the usage of variants according to linguistic and extralinguistic situations. The researcher states that optionality in the given aspect is found out in the parallel use of variants of using of punctuation marks in the written form of language and draws a conclusion that optionality should be regarded as a natural way of existence of punctuation norm in the Russian and English languages