The using of model context. input, process and products (CIPP) in learning programs assessment

Assessment is one process to determine problem, choose relevant information, and collect and analyze information to report useful summary to decision maker. Evaluation model discussed in this topic was CIPP Stufflebeam’s model. CIPP assessment's model selected because his effectiveness to get revenue formative and summative and to find decision and problem-solving ability. CIPP assessment's model may be made assessment whether before, during or after the project conducted. This very different with Stake's approach assume that researcher may make level current study implementation or during the programme running. CIPP assessment's model also be formed to satisfy programme mastermind and administration not just filling individual ' wish. Lastly CIPP is not designed to prove a decision but act as to improve where information derivative later can be made as a guide to planning something programme

Criteria of an Effective Training Programme: A Case Study

Well-established criteria of training programme development are crucial to ensure the effectiveness, and most importantly, to reveal the real value of training programme. This study was conducted among the lecturers in Universiti Putra Malaysia to examine the criteria of an effective training programme by identifying the programme development elements, and the approach to programme planning preferred by the professionals. Also, it attempted to compare the perceptions according to the teaching experience, experience in planning training programme, and the frequency of their involvement in training in the last 12 months. By using stratified sampling, 364 lecturers were surveyed, utilizing a structured questionnaire with a response rate of 89.6 percent. The data were analyzed quantitatively by using SPSS programme and was presented in table format. The results of the statistical analyses indicated the components of designing, implementation, and evaluation were perceived to be significantly associated to training effectiveness. By comparison, implementation component was the most important component. The findings further revealed that the sub-components of target audience identification, obtaining credible facilitators/instructors, and formulation of recommendations for changes and future actions were very significant in a successful training. The professionals showed more favour to Classical Viewpoint on planning practice. It was also indicated by the findings, instead of teaching experience and frequency of involvement in training, the professionals' perception on the importance of those criteria varied by their experience in planning training programme. The study therefore recommends that programme developers should take into consideration the training stakeholders' point of views when developing training programme. Further research could be pursued in examining the impact of the input evaluation and/or formative evaluation as to provide insights for improvement of programme development practice

Evaluation of public policies in Portuguese regional development context – a preliminary methodological approach supported in north region

The evaluation of territorial programs and plans has been gaining importance, both in political-institutional speeches and practices and in academic reflections. In Portugal, the structure of planning, operacionalized on a vast number of quite recent instruments, requires an effort of articulation in the guidelines to various scales (from European until the municipal) and of the various fields (some sectoral, others, of more transversal nature). The development of monitoring systems, as well as the generalisation of the evaluation procedures, answer to the need of articulation between policies and support the strategic nature that is planning today. As a part of the Research Project SPOTIA - Sustainable Spatial Policy Orientations and Territorial Impact Assessment - Contribution to Portuguese context' (Centre of Geographical Studies – University of Lisbon to the Ministry of Science and Technologies), this paper aims to present an example of the first outputs of this research on the analysis of coherence between three different instruments planning, such as the National Policy Planning (PNPOT), a guiding document of national level, the Regional Spatial Plan to Northern Territory (PROT-Norte), the regional guidance document, and the Regional Operational Programme (PO-Norte), the regional program associated to a financing plan and program implementation. The analysis of coherence between these documents is not only between their general, strategic and specific objectives, but also by the indicator system assessment of each document. With this analysis we can reach the domains that are constantly, or not, present in these documents. In this context, a first essay of a methodological approach on evaluation of public policies in Portuguese context will be presented.

Tanzania HIV/AIDS Indicator Survey 2003-04

The Tanzania Commission for AIDS (TACAIDS) authorised the National Bureau of Statistics\ud (NBS) to conduct the THIS. The THIS is the first household survey of its kind to be conducted in Tanzania.\ud The survey covered the Tanzania Mainland only.The main objective of the survey was to provide HIV/AIDS programme managers and policymakerswith information needed to guide planning and implementation of interventions, including resource mobilization and allocation, monitoring and evaluation of existing programmes, and designing new and effective strategies for combating the epidemic.\ud Before this survey, national HIV prevalence estimates depended entirely on data derived from\ud blood donors and pregnant women seeking antenatal care. Although this information from the surveillance system has been useful for monitoring the trends of HIV in Tanzania, the inclusion of HIV testingin the THIS offers the opportunity to better understand the magnitude and pattern of infection in the generalreproductive-age population in Tanzania. The THIS results are in turn expected to improve the calibrationof the annual sentinel surveillance data, so that trends in HIV infection can be more accurately\ud measured in the intervals between household surveys.\ud This report contains findings from the 2003-04 THIS collected from the households visited. The\ud survey was designed to produce regional estimates. The tables and text cover the most important indicatorsrelated to HIV/AIDS and should be of use to policymakers and programme administrators who needup-to-date data for evaluating their activities and planning future directions.\u

Comprehensive guidance and counselling programme practices in Turkey

School guidance services in Turkey began in the 1950s. These services are currently being re-structured away from the traditional guidance model. This paper aims to introduce the first pilot project of the comprehensive guidance and counselling programme that was carried out by the Ministry of National Education between 2000 and 2002 as part of this re-structuring process. The paper briefly discusses the development of guidance services in Turkey, what the comprehensive guidance and counselling programme entails, and what was done at the planning, design, implementation and evaluation stages of its pilot project. Finally, the design model of the finalised programme is presented.peer-reviewe

Relationships between Extension Competencies, Organisational Commitment and Job Satisfaction with Performance of Agricultural Extension Workers in Yemen

This study aimed to determine the relationships between selected variables, namely extension competencies including human development competencies, leadership development, extension communication methods, programme development, programme implementation and programme evaluation; organisational commitment as well as job satisfaction and job performance of agriculture extension workers. The study also sought to identify the best predictors of job performance of the extension workers. The total population of the extension workers was 1364. The sample size of this study was 300 which were determined by using Cochran's formula (1977). The study used stratified random sampling technique in which 300 respondents from the agriculture extension services organisations in Yemen were chosen. A complete list of agriculture extension workers across the three agriculture regions, namely, coastal, highlands and desert regions was obtained. The research design of this study was a descriptive correlational study. Self-administered questionnaire was used as the research instrument to collect data from the respondents of this study. The quantitative data were analysed by using descriptive statistics such as mean and standards deviations. The parametric statistics such as Pearson correlation, multiple regression analyses, t-test and ANOVA also were used. From the descriptive analysis, the result show that the overall extension workers performance illustrated with mean score (M = 2.88) and standard deviation (SD = 0.69), that more than a half (60.7 %) of the respondents experienced a moderate level of job performance, while 23.8 % of them indicated a low level of performance and 15.5% considered a high level of performance. Furthermore, the findings from parametric analysis indicated that there were significant relationships between the independent variables and job performance of extension workers. The independent variables are as follows: extension programme implementation competencies, extension programme planning competencies, extension programme evaluation competencies, organisational commitment, and job satisfaction. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the best predictors of extension workers’ performance. The variables according to descending order are job satisfaction (Beta = 0.431), extension programme planning competencies (Beta = 0.239), extension programme implementation competencies (Beta = 0.147), extension programme evaluation competencies (Beta = 0.145), and organisational commitment (Beta = 0.102). The predictors explained 60.6 % variance (F = 54.008, p = 0.0001) of job performance. The study is important as it would become a platform for future research to consider aspect of performance and its variants. The implementation of human resource development initiatives is very important to consider by the relevant agencies in order to improve extension workers’ competencies and performance. This study also signals the importance of ensuring good and motivated work environment for extension workers for achieving a high performance. Extension services should also realise the various contributors of job performance, some of them are based on the individual factors as found in this study. By knowing these factors, they would be used as inputs in the recruitment, selection and succession planning processes in order to get the right extension workers. This will make extension workers know clearly their duties, tasks, and how to act in rural community. To support the findings of this study in the country, it is recommended that future studies are conducted across employees from other rural development organisations including agricultural and community development organisations by taking into considerations other work behaviour and social factors that might help more to understand the individual performance phenomenon

Overcoming the barriers to implementing urban road user charging schemes

Urban road user charging offers the potential to achieve significant improvements in urban transport, but is notoriously difficult to implement. Cities need guidance on the range of factors to be considered in planning and implementing such schemes. This paper summarises the results of a 3 year programme which has collated evidence on the issues of most concern to cities. A state of the art report has provided evidence on 14 themes, ranging from objectives and design to implementation and evaluation. A set of 16 case studies has reviewed experience in design and implementation across Europe. The paper summarises their findings, provides references to more detailed information, presents the resulting policy recommendations to European, national and local government, and outlines the areas in which further research is needed

Evaluation of the impact of a Herd Health and Production Management programme in organic dairy cattle farms: a process evaluation approach

Animal health planning activities are not always providing a satisfactory positive impact on herd health and welfare. Moreover, evaluating the impact of advisory programmes is complex due to multiple interacting elements that influence its outcome. Therefore, measuring solely health outcomes is not sufficient: the whole process of the implementation and use of such programmes should be evaluated. In order to evaluate the impact of an intervention with a Herd Health and Production Management (HHPM) programme a process evaluation framework was designed and used. The intervention involved 20 organic dairy cattle farmers and their advisors, in both France and Sweden. In both countries 20 organic dairy farms were selected as control herds. The evaluation of the HHPM programme was based on: (a) the compliance to the programme; (b) the programme’s functions influencing herd health management practices and stimulating dialogue between farmers and advisors; (c) its effectiveness in terms of improving herd health compared with control farms. Complete compliance to the programme was fulfilled by 21 out of 40 farmers–advisors. Results from a questionnaire showed that the programme functioned as intended (e.g. by allowing early identification of herd health problems), stimulated change in farmers’ herd health management practices and farmer–advisor dialogue. Even though the majority of the users perceived that the programme contributed to herd health improvements, no significant differences in health outcomes were found when compared with control farms 12 months after the start of the intervention. The programme allowed creating an environment promoting the exchange of information between farmers and advisors, necessary to define pertinent advice in a farm-specific situation. Future research should aim at improving methods for the evaluation of the effect of advisory programmes, by identifying early indicators for effective advice and developing methods to evaluate the quality of advisory situations without interfering with them

Factors affecting decisions to extend access to primary care: results of a qualitative evaluation of general practitioners' views

OBJECTIVES: To report general practitioners' (GPs') views and experiences of an Enhanced Primary Care programme (EPCP) funded as part of the Prime Minister's Challenge Fund (second wave) for England which aimed to extend patient access to primary care. SETTING: Primary care in Sheffield, England. PARTICIPANTS: Semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of GPs working in 24 practices across the city. RESULTS: Four core themes were derived: GPs' receptivity to the aims of the EPCP, their capacity to support integrated care teams, their capacity to manage urgent care and the value of some new community-based schemes to enhance locality-based primary care. GPs were aware of the policy initiatives associated with out-of-hours access that aimed to reduce emergency department and hospital admissions. Due to limited capacity to respond to the programme, they selected elements that directly related to local patient demand and did not increase their own workload. CONCLUSIONS: The variation in practice engagement and capacity to manage changes in primary care services warrants a subtle and specialist approach to programme planning. The study makes the case for enhanced planning and organisational development with GPs as stakeholders within individual practices and groups. This would ensure that policy implementation is effective and sustained at local level. A failure to localise implementation may be associated with increased workloading in primary care without the sustained benefits to patients and the public. To enable GPs to become involved in systems transformation, further research is needed to identify the best methods to engage GPs in programme planning and evaluation