11,444 research outputs found
Serving to secure "Global Korea": Gender, mobility, and flight attendant labor migrants
This dissertation is an ethnography of mobility and modernity in contemporary South Korea (the Republic of Korea) following neoliberal restructuring precipitated by the Asian Financial Crisis (1997). It focuses on how comparative âservice,â âsecurity,â and âsafetyâ fashioned âGlobal Koreaâ: an ongoing state-sponsored project aimed at promoting the economic, political, and cultural maturation of South Korea from a once notoriously inhospitable, âbackwardâ country (hujinâguk) to a now welcoming, âadvanced countryâ (sĆnjinâguk). Through physical embodiments of the culturally-specific idiom of âsuperiorâ service (sĆbisĆ), I argue that aspiring, current, and former Korean flight attendants have driven the production and maintenance of this national project.
More broadly, as a driver of this national project, this occupation has emerged out of the countryâs own aspirational flights from an earlier history of authoritarian rule, labor violence, and xenophobia. Against the backdrop of the Korean stateâs aggressive neoliberal restructuring, globalization efforts, and current âHell Chosunâ (HelchosĆn) economy, a group of largely academically and/or class disadvantaged young women have been able secure individualized modes of pleasure, self-fulfillment, and class advancement via what I deem âservice mobilities.â Service mobilities refers to the participation of mostly women in a traditionally devalued but growing sector of the global labor market, the âpink collarâ economy centered around âfeminineâ care labor. Korean female flight attendants share labor skills resembling those of other foreign labor migrants (chiefly from the âGlobal Southâ), who perform care work deemed less desirable. Yet, Korean female flight attendants elude the stigmatizing, classed, and racialized category of âlabor migrant.â Moreover, within the context of South Koreaâs unique history of rapid modernization, the flight attendant occupation also commands considerable social prestige.
Based on ethnographic and archival research on aspiring, current, and former Korean flight attendants, this dissertation asks how these unique care laborers negotiate a metaphorical and literal series of sustained border crossings and inspections between Korean flight attendantsâ contingent status as lowly care-laboring migrants, on the one hand, and ostensibly glamorous, globetrotting elites, on the other. This study contends the following: first, the flight attendant occupation in South Korea represents new politics of pleasure and pain in contemporary East Asia. Second, Korean female flight attendantsâ enactments of soft, sanitized, and glamorous (hwaryĆhada) service help to purify South Koreaâs less savory past. In so doing, Korean flight attendants reconstitute the historical role of female laborers as burden bearers and caretakers of the Korean state.U of I OnlyAuthor submitted a 2-year U of I restriction extension request
Economia colaborativa
A importĂąncia de se proceder Ă anĂĄlise dos principais desafios jurĂdicos que a economia colaborativa coloca â pelas implicaçÔes que as mudanças de paradigma dos modelos de negĂłcios e dos sujeitos envolvidos suscitam â Ă© indiscutĂvel, correspondendo Ă necessidade de se fomentar a segurança jurĂdica destas prĂĄticas, potenciadoras de crescimento econĂłmico e bem-estar social.
O Centro de Investigação em Justiça e Governação (JusGov) constituiu uma equipa multidisciplinar que, alĂ©m de juristas, integra investigadores de outras ĂĄreas, como a economia e a gestĂŁo, dos vĂĄrios grupos do JusGov â embora com especial participação dos investigadores que integram o grupo E-TEC (Estado, Empresa e Tecnologia) â e de outras prestigiadas instituiçÔes nacionais e internacionais, para desenvolver um projeto neste domĂnio, com o objetivo de identificar os problemas jurĂdicos que a economia colaborativa suscita e avaliar se jĂĄ existem soluçÔes para aqueles, refletindo igualmente sobre a conveniĂȘncia de serem introduzidas alteraçÔes ou se serĂĄ mesmo necessĂĄrio criar nova regulamentação.
O resultado desta investigação Ă© apresentado nesta obra, com o que se pretende fomentar a continuação do debate sobre este tema.Esta obra Ă© financiada por fundos nacionais atravĂ©s da FCT â Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e a Tecnologia, I.P., no Ăąmbito do Financiamento UID/05749/202
Wooster Magazine: Spring 2023
The spring 2023 issue of Wooster magazine features alumni influencing change in their communities around the world, including John Carwile â81, career member of the U.S. Foreign Service; Rashmi Ekka â08, international development consultant; Samira El-Adawy â13, Special Olympics youth manager in the Middle East and North Africa; Ishtiaq Ghafoor â00, a diplomat with the British Foreign Service; Sarah Haile â03, a biostatistician at University of Zurich; Kurt Russell â94, 2022 National Teacher of the Year; and Lauren Vargo â13, climate change researcher in New Zealand. Also featured are students who have attended the annual Athens Democracy Forum for the past five years and recent international graduates taking advantage of opportunities to gain experience in STEM fields. The issue also includes an interview with Woosterâs incoming 13th president, Dr. Anne McCall.https://openworks.wooster.edu/wooalumnimag_2011-present/1045/thumbnail.jp
Building body identities - exploring the world of female bodybuilders
This thesis explores how female bodybuilders seek to develop and maintain a viable sense of self despite being stigmatized by the gendered foundations of what Erving Goffman (1983) refers to as the 'interaction order'; the unavoidable presentational context in which identities are forged during the course of social life. Placed in the context of an overview of the historical treatment of women's bodies, and a concern with the development of bodybuilding as a specific form of body modification, the research draws upon a unique two year ethnographic study based in the South of England, complemented by interviews with twenty-six female bodybuilders, all of whom live in the U.K. By mapping these extraordinary women's lives, the research illuminates the pivotal spaces and essential lived experiences that make up the female bodybuilder. Whilst the women appear to be embarking on an 'empowering' radical body project for themselves, the consequences of their activity remains culturally ambivalent. This research exposes the 'Janus-faced' nature of female bodybuilding, exploring the ways in which the women negotiate, accommodate and resist pressures to engage in more orthodox and feminine activities and appearances
Recommended from our members
Meaning-Making Practices of Emergent ArabicâEnglish Bilingual Kindergarten Children in Cairo
The number of British Schools in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is growing. The National Curriculum of England is used by an increasing number of such schools. As well as exporting a culturally-specific curriculum, these schools usually adopt an ideology of monolingualism, thus potentially limiting communication for emergent bilinguals and failing to acknowledge the multiple ways of meaning-making.
Current studies of translanguaging are moving the focus to multimodal forms of communication as a resource for thinking and communicating (GarcĂa and Wei 2014, Wei 2018). Building on the work of Kress (1997, 2010) I explore pre-school emergent bilingualsâ wider signifying practices and create an analytical framework, which I call MMTL (multimodal translanguaging), used as a lens to illustrate meaning-making.
Valley Hill in Cairo, Egypt is a British school which encourages âEnglish-onlyâ as the medium of instruction in the kindergarten. Using a case study methodology, this research explores the meaning-making practices of eight emergent bilingual children aged 3â4 during child-initiated play, later reduced to four in the thesis to provide a detailed multimodal analysis. The principal aim is to explore their speech, gaze, gesture, and their engagement (layout/position) with artefacts during play.
The findings of this study suggest that although there is an âEnglish-onlyâ approach, these young emergent bilingual children are meaning-making in a variety of ways. Children are translanguaging but it is never in isolation from other modes of communication. Emergent bilinguals use a range of modes to mediate their understanding and communication with others. They use gesture, gaze, and artefacts alongside translingual practices to move meaning across to more accessible modes, enabling communication and understanding. The implications for schools should be to embrace such hybrid practices and for teachers to be more responsive to young childrenâs meaning-making to enable learning
Recommended from our members
BY THE NUMBERS: HOW ACADEMIC CAPITALISM SHAPES GRADUATE STUDENT EXPERIENCES OF WORK AND TRAINING IN MATERIAL SCIENCES
The neoliberal reorganization of higher education has reshaped the research and education missions of university science. Much of the scholarship examining this shift focuses on faculty experiences. This dissertation centers the experiences of student scientists to explore: (1) how entrepreneurial universities manage marginal academic knowledge workers, including students, through processes that shift responsibility onto individual workers; (2) how universities use mechanisms like internships and Individual Development Plans to shift educational responsibilities onto students; and (3) how performances of masculinity in commercial spaces of university science contribute to durable gender inequalities among students under academic capitalism. Longitudinal qualitative methods were employed to understand how students experience years of training in an academic capitalist context. The data for the dissertation were collected during a five-year ethnography in two academic science sites, and include 60 interviews with academic faculty, staff, and student scientists.
Findings show how universities shift responsibilities for handling job market instabilities or the devalued aspects of education onto academic staff, postdocs, and students. Universities use accountability practices under the narrative that grad student scientists need to âtake ownershipâ of their education. Universities create structures channeling undergraduate students into industry internships. Many material science graduate students also express a desire for industry experience, but faculty reliance on graduate student labor in academic labs deters students from holding internships. Internship dynamics at both undergraduate and graduate levels reveal how students are commodified under academic capitalism. This dissertation also finds that men students are integrated into commercial spaces of academic science while women are excluded. These processes of gender inequality exclude women from innovation teams as well as from many resources available to commercially focused scientists
A narrative study of how shame features in the lives of women living with HIV
Once classed as a devastating virus that resulted in a guaranteed premature death, HIV can be treated successfully with lifelong medication and importantly its transmissibility is eliminated for individuals on effective medication. However, the psychosocial burden of HIV remains for many and despite this advancement in biomedical treatment, HIV remains a highly stigmatised virus and condition.
This study explores how shame features in the experiences of women living with HIV in Ireland. There is an absence of womenâs narratives in the overall discourse on HIV in Ireland, therefore little is known about their lives. Research on shame tells us that prolonged unacknowledged shame can impact on mental well-being if unaddressed.
The studyâs sample comprised twelve women living with HIV who were based in Ireland. Their narratives based on semi-structured interviews have been analysed using Clandinin and Connellyâs (2000) three-dimensional narrative inquiry tool, which explores from the interactional, chronological and situational elements of a story. A cross-case analysis was adopted to explore dominant themes across the twelve narratives.
Findings from this study portray how shame stemmed from an absence of a woman centred HIV narrative and the ongoing presence of stigmatising HIV discourse. Shame featured as three dimensions of the exposed self: anticipated exposure, exposure avoidance and felt exposure. Finally, many of the participants managed to grow through their HIV-related shame and move past it by discovering a shared experience with other women, to reduce emotional isolation.
This study concludes that HIV-related shame can have negative implications for womenâs health and general well-being, thus compromising womenâs ability to live well with HIV. HIV-related shame must be addressed with the appropriate intervention. The study contributes to the development of a women-centred HIV discourse. This can help increase visibility of WLHIV and enable potential mitigation of the onset of HIV-related shame, which is crucial in this era of HIV normalisation
The Effect of General Deterrence Variables on Oversight of Floridaâs Driver and Vehicle Information Database (DAVID)
The Driver and Vehicle Information Database, known as DAVID, is a database operated by the Florida Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles and is used by many law enforcement agencies as an important investigative tool due to the information contained within. One important function of the agencies that allow their employees access to DAVID is to ensure the information is secured and not misused in violation of federal and state law, under a provision known as the Driver Privacy and Protection Act codified in 18 U.S.C. § 2721 (1994). Literature on general deterrence suggests that methods can be taken from an oversight standpoint that would allow for better control and deter users from misusing the data contained within DAVID. This study hypothesized that, if provided, standard operating procedures, ethics training, acceptable use policies, and consistent disciplinary procedures would act to improve oversight and be effective general deterrents against such misuse. The study tested the hypotheses using (n = 86) DAVID points of contact from various police agencies in Florida by way of an online survey. The results indicated a statistically significant relationship between standard operating procedures and acceptable use policies on oversight and deterrence. The null hypothesis could not be rejected regarding ethics training and disciplinary procedures on oversight and deterrence. The results supported two of the four hypotheses, and they may serve as a pathway to develop better administrative policies and procedures to improve the oversight process and help deter users from misusing DAVID in violation of law.
Keywords: D.A.V.I.D., DPPA, FLHSMV, driver license, point of contactChapter I: INTRODUCTION 1 -- Driver and Vehicle Information Database 1 -- Driver Privacy Protection Act 2 -- DAVID Point of Contact 4 -- History of Abuse 6 -- Statement of the Problem 8 -- Objectives of the Research 9 -- Research Questions 10 -- Summary 12 -- Chapter II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE 14 -- General Deterrence Theory 14 -- Fourth Amendment and Government Databases 18 -- Standard Operating Procedures 20 -- Ethics Training 22 -- Acceptable Use Policy 25 -- Disciplinary Procedures and Enforcement 28 -- Chapter III: METHODOLOGY 34 -- Introduction 34 -- Hypothesis 34 -- Survey Instrument 36 -- Study Participants and Data Collection 38 -- Study Measures 41 -- Agency Demographics 41 -- POC Demographics 43 -- Study Procedure 44 -- Summary 44 -- Chapter IV: RESULTS 46 -- Introduction 46 -- Descriptive Statistics 46 -- Hypothesis 1 52 -- Hypothesis 2 53 -- Hypothesis 3 54 -- Hypothesis 4 55 -- Summary 57 -- Chapter V: DISCUSSION 59 -- POC and Agency Demographics 60 -- Historical Context of Descriptive Statistics 62 -- Research Question 1 63 -- Research Question 2 65 -- Research Question 3 67 -- Research Question 4 68 -- Implication of the Findings 71 -- Limitations of the Study 72 -- Future of DAVID and Other Databases 74 -- Recommendations 77 -- Conclusion 79 -- REFERENCES 82Glen, Carol M.Song, MinsunMurillo, Albert G.D.P.A.Public Administratio
Working in ministries or public organizations in Saudi Arabia : A study of career development and job satisfaction of the Saudi Arabian middle managers
Career development and job satisfaction studies carried out in developing countries are very limited in number. Saudi Arabia is one of those developing countries which appeared on the political scene quite recently, but striving hard to develop its human resources due to its heavy dependence on expatriate labour to initiate and execute its development plans. The genesis of the study began when General Civil Service Bureau officials noticed a large movement of employees from ministries to other sectors (i.e. public organizations and the private sector). The purpose of this dissertation is to examine and analyze the factors behind this movement and relate this to the studies of career development and job satisfaction. The position of government organizations in Saudi Arabia is rather unique. Most of their employees are drawn from Universities due to the regulations of the GCSB of compelling them to work in ministries for a period equivalent to that spent in their University education until graduation. This situation has prevented such graduates from choosing their own occupations and seem to hinder their career development. As a consequence, this study, not only analyzes career development and job satisfaction in Saudi Arabia, but (v) job satisfaction in Saudi Arabia, but also makes a comprehensive evaluation of economic, social and organisational environments which seem to have an effect of the occupational choice of the Saudis. We take the assumption that the ideology of free occupational choice is not properly applied in Saudi Arabia due to some cultural variables (e.g. nepotism and strong family ties). Hence, this thesis will develop a definition of the concept of occupational choice and career development and the process of personnel flow and the ways in which such movement can be influenced within the Saudi context. The study will be primarily concerned with middle managers in two types of organization - government ministries and public organizations. This will hopefully give a profile of the Saudi situation as far as occupational choice, career development and job satisfaction are concerned
- âŠ