Application of advanced on-board processing concepts to future satellite communications systems

An initial definition of on-board processing requirements for an advanced satellite communications system to service domestic markets in the 1990's is presented. An exemplar system architecture with both RF on-board switching and demodulation/remodulation baseband processing was used to identify important issues related to system implementation, cost, and technology development

Engineering evaluations and studies. Volume 3: Exhibit C

High rate multiplexes asymmetry and jitter, data-dependent amplitude variations, and transition density are discussed

Proceedings of the Third International Mobile Satellite Conference (IMSC 1993)

Satellite-based mobile communications systems provide voice and data communications to users over a vast geographic area. The users may communicate via mobile or hand-held terminals, which may also provide access to terrestrial cellular communications services. While the first and second International Mobile Satellite Conferences (IMSC) mostly concentrated on technical advances, this Third IMSC also focuses on the increasing worldwide commercial activities in Mobile Satellite Services. Because of the large service areas provided by such systems, it is important to consider political and regulatory issues in addition to technical and user requirements issues. Topics covered include: the direct broadcast of audio programming from satellites; spacecraft technology; regulatory and policy considerations; advanced system concepts and analysis; propagation; and user requirements and applications

COGNITIVE MULTI-USER FREE SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION

Increasing deployment of terrestrial, aerial, and space-based assets designed with more demanding services and applications is dramatically escalating the need for high capacity, high data-rate, adaptive, and flexible communication networks. Cognitive, multi-user Free Space Optical Communication (FSOC) networks provide a solution to address these challenges. Such FSOC networks can potentially merge automation and intelligence, as well as offer the benefits of optical communication with enhanced bandwidth and data-rate over long communication networks. Extensive research has investigated various designs, techniques, and methods to enable desired FSOC systems. This dissertation reports the investigation and analysis of novel, state-of-the-art methodologies and algorithms for supporting cognitive, multi-user FSOC. This work details an investigation of the ability of diverse Optical-Multiple Access Control (O-MAC) techniques for performing multi-point communication. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) techniques were experimentally validated, both singularly and in a combined approach, in a high-speed FSOC link. These methods proved to successfully support multi-user FSOC when users share allocation resources (e.g., time, bandwidth, and space, among others). Additionally, transmission and channel parameters that can affect signal reconstruction performance were identified. To introduce cognition and flexibility into the network, the research reported herein details the use of several Machine Learning (ML) algorithms for estimating crucial parameters at the Physical Layer (PHY) of FSOC networks (e.g., number of transmitting users, modulation format, and quality of transmission [QoT]) for automatically supporting and decoding multiple users. In particular, a novel methodology based on a weighted clustering analysis for automatic and blind user discovery is presented in this work. Extensive experimental analysis was conducted under multiple communication scenarios to identify system performance and limitations. Experimental results demonstrated the ability of the proposed techniques to successfully estimate parameters of interest with high accuracy. Finally, this dissertation presents the design and testing of a modular, multiple node, high-speed, real-time Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) testbed, which provides a hardware and software platform for testing proposed methods and for further research development. This dissertation successfully proves the feasibility of cognitive, multi-user FSOC through the developed and presented methodologies, as well as extensive experimental analyses. The main strength of the research outcomes of this work consists of exploiting software solutions (e.g., O-MAC, signal processing, and ML techniques) to intelligently support multiple users into a single optical channel (i.e., same allocation resources). Accordingly, Size, Weight and Power (SWaP) requirement can be reduced while achieving an increased network capacity

Estimation efficace des paramètres de signaux d'usagers radio-mobile par traitement avec antenne-réseau

Cette thèse aborde le problème d’estimation des paramètres de signaux d’usagers radio-mobile par traitement avec antenne-réseau. On adopte une approche de traitement théorique rigoureuse au problème en tentant de pallier aux limitations et désavantages des méthodes d’estimation existantes en ce domaine. Les chapitres principaux ont été rédigés en couvrant uniquement les aspects théoriques en lien aux contributions principales, tout en présentant une revue de littérature adéquate sur les sujets concernés. La thèse présente essentiellement trois volets distincts en lien à chacune des contributions en question. Suite à une revue des notions de base, on montre d’abord comment une méthode d’estimation exploitant des statistiques d’ordre supérieur a pu être développée à partir de l’amélioration d’un algorithme existant en ce domaine. On présente ensuite le cheminement qui a conduit à l’élaboration d’une technique d’estimation non linéaire exploitant les propriétés statistiques spécifiques des enveloppes complexes reçues, et ne possédant pas les limitations des algorithmes du second et quatrième ordre. Finalement, on présente le développement relatif à un algorithme d’estimation exploitant le caractère cyclostationnaire intrinsèque des signaux de communication dans un environnement asynchrone naturel. On montre comment un tel algorithme parvient à estimer la matrice de canal des signaux incidents indépendamment du caractère de corrélation spatiotemporel du bruit, et permettant de ce fait même une pleine exploitation du degré de liberté du réseau. La procédure d’estimation consiste en la résolution d’un problème de diagonalisation conjointe impliquant des matrices cibles issues d’une opération différentielle entre des matrices d’autocorrélation obtenues uniquement à partir de statistiques d’ordre deux. Pour chacune des contributions, des résultats de simulations sont présentés afin de confirmer l’efficacité des méthodes proposées.This thesis addresses the problem of parameter estimation of radio signals from mobile users using an antenna array. A rigorous theoretical approach to the problem is adopted in an attempt to overcome the limitations and disadvantages of existing estimation methods in this field. The main chapters have been written covering only the theoretical aspects related to the main contributions of the thesis, while at the same time providing an appropriate literature review on the considered topics. The thesis is divided into three main parts related to the aforesaid contributions. Following a review of the basics concepts in antenna array processing techniques for signal parameter estimation, we first present an improved version of an existing estimation algorithm expoiting higher-order statistics of the received signals. Subsequently, we show how a nonlinear estimation technique exploiting the specific statistical distributions of the received complex envelopes at the array can be developed in order to overcome the limitations of second and fourth-order algorithms. Finally, we present the development of an estimation algorithm exploiting the cyclostationary nature of communication signals in a natural asynchronous environment. We show how such an algorithm is able to estimate the channel matrix of the received signals independently of the spatial or temporal correlation structure of the noise, thereby enabling a full exploitation of the array’s degree of freedom. The estimation process is carried out by solving a joint diagonalization problem involving target matrices computed by a differential operation between autocorrelation matrices obtained by the sole use of second-order statistics. Various simulation experiments are presented for each contribution as a means of supporting and evidencing the effectiveness of the proposed methods

Circuitos de Radiofrecuencia de Banda Ultra-Ancha en Tecnología Planar Integrada: Aplicación a Receptores de Seis Puertos

Se presenta el diseño, implementación y evaluación experimental de un demodulador I/Q de seis puertos analógico de altas prestaciones, capaz de operar en la banda de 3.1 a 10.6 GHz sin necesidad de técnicas de calibración. El objetivo es reducir en la medida de lo posible los requisitos tanto de la etapa de conversión analógico-digital, como de la etapa de post-procesado, lo que redundaría en una reducción sustancial de la complejidad y del coste final de este tipo de demoduladores

Cumulative index to NASA Tech Briefs, 1986-1990, volumes 10-14

Tech Briefs are short announcements of new technology derived from the R&D activities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. These briefs emphasize information considered likely to be transferrable across industrial, regional, or disciplinary lines and are issued to encourage commercial application. This cumulative index of Tech Briefs contains abstracts and four indexes (subject, personal author, originating center, and Tech Brief number) and covers the period 1986 to 1990. The abstract section is organized by the following subject categories: electronic components and circuits, electronic systems, physical sciences, materials, computer programs, life sciences, mechanics, machinery, fabrication technology, and mathematics and information sciences

NASA Tech Briefs, January 1992

Topics include: New Product Ideas; Electronic Components and Circuits; Electronic Systems; Physical Sciences; Materials; Computer Programs; Mechanics; Machinery/Automation; Fabrication; Mathematics and Information Sciences; Life Sciences