15,065 research outputs found
Korean to English Translation Using Synchronous TAGs
It is often argued that accurate machine translation requires reference to
contextual knowledge for the correct treatment of linguistic phenomena such as
dropped arguments and accurate lexical selection. One of the historical
arguments in favor of the interlingua approach has been that, since it revolves
around a deep semantic representation, it is better able to handle the types of
linguistic phenomena that are seen as requiring a knowledge-based approach. In
this paper we present an alternative approach, exemplified by a prototype
system for machine translation of English and Korean which is implemented in
Synchronous TAGs. This approach is essentially transfer based, and uses
semantic feature unification for accurate lexical selection of polysemous
verbs. The same semantic features, when combined with a discourse model which
stores previously mentioned entities, can also be used for the recovery of
topicalized arguments. In this paper we concentrate on the translation of
Korean to English.Comment: ps file. 8 page
Robust Parsing of Spoken Dialogue Using Contextual Knowledge and Recognition Probabilities
In this paper we describe the linguistic processor of a spoken dialogue
system. The parser receives a word graph from the recognition module as its
input. Its task is to find the best path through the graph. If no complete
solution can be found, a robust mechanism for selecting multiple partial
results is applied. We show how the information content rate of the results can
be improved if the selection is based on an integrated quality score combining
word recognition scores and context-dependent semantic predictions. Results of
parsing word graphs with and without predictions are reported.Comment: 4 pages, LaTex source, 3 PostScript figures, uses epsf.sty and
ETRW.sty, to appear in Proceedings of ESCA Workshop on Spoken Dialogue
Systems, Denmark, May 30-June
Перспективы упорядочения лингвистической терминосистемы
The paper is devoted to the issues of unification and
regularization of the terminological system of linguistics forming a basis of
meta
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language in given branch of science. The alignment and universalization
of semantic space, conventionalization of meanings are appreciably supported
by use of standard meanings of Greco
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Latin lexemes and word
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formative
elements. The paper reports results derived from studying the expression means
of system, lexico
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semantic, pragmatic relations of terminological units, ways
of
replenishment of meta
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dictionary in modern linguistics, ways of
structuralization of linguistic terms themselves and stages of their codification
"Implicature-Laden" Elicitations in Talk Radio Shows
Indirect elicitations in talk radio programmes on BBC Radio are not uncommon, notwithstanding, misunderstanding between the host and his conversational partner is not frequent. Investigating some of the reasons this paper focuses on how the socio-cultural and cognitive factors of the context interweave in discourse. The author suggests that valid interpretation and appropriate response to inferred elicitations can be best explained within the framework of Relevance Theory, and more specifically, with the presumption of accessibility of schemas obtained from the cognitive environment of the discourse partners. Through examples of empirical research the paper aims to reveal how the mutual knowledge of the participants controls discourse via the mental processes occurring in the interaction of two minds
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Welche Sprache ist sie anyway?: Borrowed anyway/anyhow in Texas German
A common phenomenon when languages are in contact is for one language to borrow
words or phrases from another and incorporate them into the native vocabulary. Texas
German, which has been in contact with English for over 100 years, shows extensive
borrowing of English words. In addition to content word borrowing, lexical items such as
nouns and verbs, Texas German shows examples of borrowings of discourse markers
(DMs), which serve functional rather than lexical purposes. One of the most common
English DM borrowings is anyway and it variant form anyhow. In this thesis I analyze the
extent to which borrowed anyway/anyhow exhibit the same semantic and pragmatic
functions as in English.Germanic Studie
Language, logic and ontology: uncovering the structure of commonsense knowledge
The purpose of this paper is twofold: (i) we argue that the structure of commonsense knowledge must be discovered, rather than invented; and (ii) we argue that natural
language, which is the best known theory of our (shared) commonsense knowledge, should itself be used as a guide to discovering the structure of commonsense knowledge. In addition to suggesting a systematic method to the discovery of the structure of commonsense knowledge, the method we propose seems to also provide an explanation for a number of phenomena in natural language, such as metaphor, intensionality, and the semantics of nominal compounds. Admittedly, our ultimate goal is quite ambitious, and it is no less than the systematic ‘discovery’ of a well-typed
ontology of commonsense knowledge, and the subsequent formulation of the longawaited goal of a meaning algebra
Mathematical Modeling in Biology: Philosophy and Pragmatics
Philosophy can shed light on mathematical modeling and the juxtaposition of modeling and empirical data. This paper explores three philosophical traditions of the structure of scientific theory—Syntactic, Semantic, and Pragmatic—to show that each illuminates mathematical modeling. The Pragmatic View identifies four critical functions of mathematical modeling: (1) unification of both models and data, (2) model fitting to data, (3) mechanism identification accounting for observation, and (4) prediction of future observations. Such facets are explored using a recent exchange between two groups of mathematical modelers in plant biology. Scientific debate can arise from different modeling philosophies
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