Big Data and the Internet of Things

Advances in sensing and computing capabilities are making it possible to embed increasing computing power in small devices. This has enabled the sensing devices not just to passively capture data at very high resolution but also to take sophisticated actions in response. Combined with advances in communication, this is resulting in an ecosystem of highly interconnected devices referred to as the Internet of Things - IoT. In conjunction, the advances in machine learning have allowed building models on this ever increasing amounts of data. Consequently, devices all the way from heavy assets such as aircraft engines to wearables such as health monitors can all now not only generate massive amounts of data but can draw back on aggregate analytics to "improve" their performance over time. Big data analytics has been identified as a key enabler for the IoT. In this chapter, we discuss various avenues of the IoT where big data analytics either is already making a significant impact or is on the cusp of doing so. We also discuss social implications and areas of concern.Comment: 33 pages. draft of upcoming book chapter in Japkowicz and Stefanowski (eds.) Big Data Analysis: New algorithms for a new society, Springer Series on Studies in Big Data, to appea

Practical Immutable Signature Bouquets (PISB) for Authentication and Integrity in Outsourced Databases

Abstract. Database outsourcing is a prominent trend that enables organizations to offload their data management overhead (e.g., query handling) to the external service providers. Immutable signatures are ideal tools to provide authentication and integrity for such applications with an important property called immutability. Signature immutability ensures that, no attacker can derive a valid signature for unposed queries from previous queries and their corresponding signatures. This prevents an attacker from creating his own de-facto services via such derived signatures. Unfortunately, existing immutable signatures are very computation and communication costly (e.g., highly interactive), which make them impractical for task-intensive and heterogeneous applications. In this paper, we developed two new schemes that we call Practical and Immutable Signature Bouquets (PISB), which achieve efficient immutability for outsourced database systems. Both PISB schemes are very simple, noninteractive, and computation/communication efficient. Our generic scheme can be constructed from any aggregate signature coupled with a standard signature. Hence, it can flexibly provide performance trade-offs for various types of applications. Our specific scheme is constructed from Condensed-RSA and Sequential Aggregate RSA. It has a very low verifier computational overhead and end-to-end delay with a small signature size. We showed that PISB schemes are secure and also much more efficient than previous alternatives