2 research outputs found

    Developing and evaluating a smartphone application for tuberculosis amongst private sector academic clinicians in India

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    Contexte : La tuberculose est la première cause de mortalité au monde et parmi les 10,4 millions de cas de tuberculose par année, 2,8 millions proviennent de l’Inde. De ce fait, il est considéré comme le pays ayant le plus haut taux d’incidence de la tuberculose au monde. Une manque de qualité des soins est une cause majeure pour l’épidémie de la tuberculose en Inde. Le secteur privé, qui n’est pas réglementé, prend soin de 50% des patients ayant la tuberculose. Des études précédentes indiquent le mauvais diagnostic ou le mauvais traitement comme des facteurs qui sont présents dans le secteur privé. Ce secteur comprend plusieurs types de médecins, dont ceux qui ont un diplôme en médecine et ceux qui n’ont pas de diplôme en médecine mais pratiquent la médicine. Une amélioration dans l’éducation des cliniciens utilisant les technologies mobiles, dont les applications mobiles, pourrait être une solution pour améliorer et assurer la qualité des soins des patients ayant la tuberculose. Toutefois, il existe peu d’études sur les technologies mobiles pour la tuberculose en Inde. Objectifs : Ce mémoire vise à évaluer l’expérience de l’usager et l’acceptabilité d’une application mobile (LearnTB) parmi les cliniciens académiques du secteur privé en Inde. Méthodes: L’étude a utilisé une approche à deux étapes. Cinq cliniciens (étape 1) et 101 cliniciens (étape 2) ont été contactés à Kasturba Hospital Manipal, Manipal, Inde entre février et mars 2017. L’expérience des participants était évaluée par le System Usability Scale. L’acceptabilité était évaluée par un questionnaire adopté du Technology Assessment Model. Les résultats étaient analysés à l’aide des statistiques descriptives, la régression linéaire multiple ainsi que la régression logistique. Résultats : Des taux de réponse de 100% et 99% ont été obtenus pour la première et deuxième partie respectivement. L’expérience de l’usager était vraiment positive. En ce qui concerne l’acceptabilité, une analyse de cheminement a confirmé la relation directe entre l’utilité perçue et l’intention d’utilisation, et la relation indirecte entre la facilité d’utilisation perçue et l’intention d’utilisation. La régression logistique a permis de cibler les items qui influencent fortement l’intention d’utilisation. Conclusion : L’expérience de l’usager pour LearnTB était vraiment positive, et l’utilité perçue a le plus grand impact sur l’intention d’utilisation (acceptabilité). Cette étude permet d’avoir une analyse préliminaire de l’acceptabilité des cliniciens concernant les technologies mobiles pour la tuberculose en Inde. D’autres recherches dans ce domaine sont requises afin d’assurer l’implantation optimale de ces technologies.Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious killer, and India accounts for 2.8 of the 10.4 million TB cases that occur each year, making it the highest TB burden country worldwide. Poor quality of TB care is a major driver of the epidemic in India. India’s large private, unregulated health sector manages over 50% of the TB patients, with studies showing suboptimal diagnosis and treatment in the private sector. This sector comprises of health professionals who are medically trained, and those who are not medically trained but are practicing medicine. Better education of doctors using mobile health (mHealth) applications is a possible solution. However, little is known about mHealth around TB in India. Objective: This masters thesis aimed to evaluate the user experience and acceptability of a smartphone application for TB (LearnTB) amongst private sector academic clinicians in India. Methods: This study adopted a two part approach. Five clinicians (part 1) and 101 clinicians (part 2) were contacted at Kasturba Hospital Manipal, Manipal, India between February and March 2017. The user experience of participants (part 1) was evaluated based on the System Usability Scale (SUS). Acceptability (part 2) was evaluated based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression as well as logistic regression analysis. Results: Response rates of 100% and 99% were achieved for part 1 and part 2, respectively. User experience was very positive. Regarding acceptability, a path analysis confirmed the direct relationship between perceived usefulness and intention to use, and the indirect relationship between perceived ease of use and intention to use. Logistic regression analysis helped target items strongly influencing intention to use. Conclusion: The user experience with LearnTB was very positive, and perceived usefulness has the highest impact on intention to use (acceptability). This study provides a preliminary analysis of mHealth interventions for TB in India, and emphasizes the need for future research in this domain

    Augmented reality for computer assisted orthopaedic surgery

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    In recent years, computer-assistance and robotics have established their presence in operating theatres and found success in orthopaedic procedures. Benefits of computer assisted orthopaedic surgery (CAOS) have been thoroughly explored in research, finding improvements in clinical outcomes, through increased control and precision over surgical actions. However, human-computer interaction in CAOS remains an evolving field, through emerging display technologies including augmented reality (AR) – a fused view of the real environment with virtual, computer-generated holograms. Interactions between clinicians and patient-specific data generated during CAOS are limited to basic 2D interactions on touchscreen monitors, potentially creating clutter and cognitive challenges in surgery. Work described in this thesis sought to explore the benefits of AR in CAOS through: an integration between commercially available AR and CAOS systems, creating a novel AR-centric surgical workflow to support various tasks of computer-assisted knee arthroplasty, and three pre–clinical studies exploring the impact of the new AR workflow on both existing and newly proposed quantitative and qualitative performance metrics. Early research focused on cloning the (2D) user-interface of an existing CAOS system onto a virtual AR screen and investigating any resulting impacts on usability and performance. An infrared-based registration system is also presented, describing a protocol for calibrating commercial AR headsets with optical trackers, calculating a spatial transformation between surgical and holographic coordinate frames. The main contribution of this thesis is a novel AR workflow designed to support computer-assisted patellofemoral arthroplasty. The reported workflow provided 3D in-situ holographic guidance for CAOS tasks including patient registration, pre-operative planning, and assisted-cutting. Pre-clinical experimental validation on a commercial system (NAVIO®, Smith & Nephew) for these contributions demonstrates encouraging early-stage results showing successful deployment of AR to CAOS systems, and promising indications that AR can enhance the clinician’s interactions in the future. The thesis concludes with a summary of achievements, corresponding limitations and future research opportunities.Open Acces
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