The use of multiple antenna techniques for uwb wireless personal area networks (UWB-MIMO WPANS)

The research activities over the three years were presented in this thesis. The work centred on the use of multiple spatial elements for Ultra wide band wireless system in order to increase the throughput, and for wireless range requirement applications, increases the coverage area. The challenges and problems of this type of implementation are identified and analysed when considered at the physical layer. The study presents a model design that integrates the multiple antenna configurations on the short range wireless communication systems. As the demand for capacity increases in Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPAN); to address this issue, the framework of the Wi-Media Ultra Wide Band (UWB) standard has been implemented in many WPAN systems. However, challenging issues still remain in terms of increasing throughput, as well as extending cellular coverage range. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology is a well-established antenna technology that can increase system capacity and extend the link coverage area for wireless communication systems. The work started by carrying out an investigation into integrated MIMO technology for WPANs based on the Wi-Media framework using Multi-band Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MB-OFDM). It considered an extensive review of applicable research, the potential problems posed by some approaches and some novel approaches to resolve these issues. The proposed ECMA-368 standard was considered, and a UWB system with a multiple antenna configuration was undertaken as a basis for the analysis. A novel scheme incorporating Dual Circular 32 - QAM was proposed for MB-OFDM based systems in order to enhance overall throughput, and could be modified to increase the coverage area at compromise of the data rate. The scheme was incorporated into a spatial multiplexing model with measured computational complexity and practical design issues. This way the capacity could be increased to twice the theoretical levels, which could pay the way to high speed multi-media wireless indoor communication between devices. Furthermore, the range of the indoor wireless network could be increased in practical wireless sensor networks. The inherent presence of spatial and frequency diversity that is associated with this multiple radiators configuration enlarge the signal space, by introducing additional degrees of freedom that provide a linear increase in the system capacity, for the same available spectrum. By incorporating the spatial elements with a Dual Circular modulation that is specified within the standard, it can be shown that a substantial gain in spectral efficiency could be possible. A performance analysis of this system and the use of spatial multiplexing for potential data rates above Gigabit per second transmission were considered. In this work, a model design was constructed that increases the throughput of indoor wireless network systems with the use of dual radiating elements at the both transmitter and receiver. A simulation model had been developed that encapsulate the proposed design. Tests were carried out which investigate the performance characteristics of various spatial and modulation proposals and identifies the challenges surrounding their deployments. Results analysis based on various simulation tests including the IEEE802.15.3a UWB channel model had shown a lower error rate performance in the implementation of the model. The proposed model can be integrated in commercial indoor wireless networks and devices with relatively low implementation cost. Further, the design used in future work to address the current challenges in this field and provides a framework for future systems development

Advanced receivers for distributed cooperation in mobile ad hoc networks

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are rapidly deployable wireless communications systems, operating with minimal coordination in order to avoid spectral efficiency losses caused by overhead. Cooperative transmission schemes are attractive for MANETs, but the distributed nature of such protocols comes with an increased level of interference, whose impact is further amplified by the need to push the limits of energy and spectral efficiency. Hence, the impact of interference has to be mitigated through with the use PHY layer signal processing algorithms with reasonable computational complexity. Recent advances in iterative digital receiver design techniques exploit approximate Bayesian inference and derivative message passing techniques to improve the capabilities of well-established turbo detectors. In particular, expectation propagation (EP) is a flexible technique which offers attractive complexity-performance trade-offs in situations where conventional belief propagation is limited by computational complexity. Moreover, thanks to emerging techniques in deep learning, such iterative structures are cast into deep detection networks, where learning the algorithmic hyper-parameters further improves receiver performance. In this thesis, EP-based finite-impulse response decision feedback equalizers are designed, and they achieve significant improvements, especially in high spectral efficiency applications, over more conventional turbo-equalization techniques, while having the advantage of being asymptotically predictable. A framework for designing frequency-domain EP-based receivers is proposed, in order to obtain detection architectures with low computational complexity. This framework is theoretically and numerically analysed with a focus on channel equalization, and then it is also extended to handle detection for time-varying channels and multiple-antenna systems. The design of multiple-user detectors and the impact of channel estimation are also explored to understand the capabilities and limits of this framework. Finally, a finite-length performance prediction method is presented for carrying out link abstraction for the EP-based frequency domain equalizer. The impact of accurate physical layer modelling is evaluated in the context of cooperative broadcasting in tactical MANETs, thanks to a flexible MAC-level simulato

Cooperative Radio Communications for Green Smart Environments

The demand for mobile connectivity is continuously increasing, and by 2020 Mobile and Wireless Communications will serve not only very dense populations of mobile phones and nomadic computers, but also the expected multiplicity of devices and sensors located in machines, vehicles, health systems and city infrastructures. Future Mobile Networks are then faced with many new scenarios and use cases, which will load the networks with different data traffic patterns, in new or shared spectrum bands, creating new specific requirements. This book addresses both the techniques to model, analyse and optimise the radio links and transmission systems in such scenarios, together with the most advanced radio access, resource management and mobile networking technologies. This text summarises the work performed by more than 500 researchers from more than 120 institutions in Europe, America and Asia, from both academia and industries, within the framework of the COST IC1004 Action on "Cooperative Radio Communications for Green and Smart Environments". The book will have appeal to graduates and researchers in the Radio Communications area, and also to engineers working in the Wireless industry. Topics discussed in this book include: • Radio waves propagation phenomena in diverse urban, indoor, vehicular and body environments• Measurements, characterization, and modelling of radio channels beyond 4G networks• Key issues in Vehicle (V2X) communication• Wireless Body Area Networks, including specific Radio Channel Models for WBANs• Energy efficiency and resource management enhancements in Radio Access Networks• Definitions and models for the virtualised and cloud RAN architectures• Advances on feasible indoor localization and tracking techniques• Recent findings and innovations in antenna systems for communications• Physical Layer Network Coding for next generation wireless systems• Methods and techniques for MIMO Over the Air (OTA) testin

Cooperative Radio Communications for Green Smart Environments

The demand for mobile connectivity is continuously increasing, and by 2020 Mobile and Wireless Communications will serve not only very dense populations of mobile phones and nomadic computers, but also the expected multiplicity of devices and sensors located in machines, vehicles, health systems and city infrastructures. Future Mobile Networks are then faced with many new scenarios and use cases, which will load the networks with different data traffic patterns, in new or shared spectrum bands, creating new specific requirements. This book addresses both the techniques to model, analyse and optimise the radio links and transmission systems in such scenarios, together with the most advanced radio access, resource management and mobile networking technologies. This text summarises the work performed by more than 500 researchers from more than 120 institutions in Europe, America and Asia, from both academia and industries, within the framework of the COST IC1004 Action on "Cooperative Radio Communications for Green and Smart Environments". The book will have appeal to graduates and researchers in the Radio Communications area, and also to engineers working in the Wireless industry. Topics discussed in this book include: • Radio waves propagation phenomena in diverse urban, indoor, vehicular and body environments• Measurements, characterization, and modelling of radio channels beyond 4G networks• Key issues in Vehicle (V2X) communication• Wireless Body Area Networks, including specific Radio Channel Models for WBANs• Energy efficiency and resource management enhancements in Radio Access Networks• Definitions and models for the virtualised and cloud RAN architectures• Advances on feasible indoor localization and tracking techniques• Recent findings and innovations in antenna systems for communications• Physical Layer Network Coding for next generation wireless systems• Methods and techniques for MIMO Over the Air (OTA) testin

Advanced Applications of Rapid Prototyping Technology in Modern Engineering

Rapid prototyping (RP) technology has been widely known and appreciated due to its flexible and customized manufacturing capabilities. The widely studied RP techniques include stereolithography apparatus (SLA), selective laser sintering (SLS), three-dimensional printing (3DP), fused deposition modeling (FDM), 3D plotting, solid ground curing (SGC), multiphase jet solidification (MJS), laminated object manufacturing (LOM). Different techniques are associated with different materials and/or processing principles and thus are devoted to specific applications. RP technology has no longer been only for prototype building rather has been extended for real industrial manufacturing solutions. Today, the RP technology has contributed to almost all engineering areas that include mechanical, materials, industrial, aerospace, electrical and most recently biomedical engineering. This book aims to present the advanced development of RP technologies in various engineering areas as the solutions to the real world engineering problems