A Pattern Language for High-Performance Computing Resilience

High-performance computing systems (HPC) provide powerful capabilities for modeling, simulation, and data analytics for a broad class of computational problems. They enable extreme performance of the order of quadrillion floating-point arithmetic calculations per second by aggregating the power of millions of compute, memory, networking and storage components. With the rapidly growing scale and complexity of HPC systems for achieving even greater performance, ensuring their reliable operation in the face of system degradations and failures is a critical challenge. System fault events often lead the scientific applications to produce incorrect results, or may even cause their untimely termination. The sheer number of components in modern extreme-scale HPC systems and the complex interactions and dependencies among the hardware and software components, the applications, and the physical environment makes the design of practical solutions that support fault resilience a complex undertaking. To manage this complexity, we developed a methodology for designing HPC resilience solutions using design patterns. We codified the well-known techniques for handling faults, errors and failures that have been devised, applied and improved upon over the past three decades in the form of design patterns. In this paper, we present a pattern language to enable a structured approach to the development of HPC resilience solutions. The pattern language reveals the relations among the resilience patterns and provides the means to explore alternative techniques for handling a specific fault model that may have different efficiency and complexity characteristics. Using the pattern language enables the design and implementation of comprehensive resilience solutions as a set of interconnected resilience patterns that can be instantiated across layers of the system stack.Comment: Proceedings of the 22nd European Conference on Pattern Languages of Program

Rhythm in Korean verse, sico

Although rhythm in language and speech is elusive, the prosodic pattern in verse and the way language is aligned to music can reveal cross-linguistic differences in rhythm. This paper presents an analysis of the temporal patterning in the Korean verse sico /sitɕo/ and its sung performance. The conclusion is that the sico rhythm does not exclusively suggest that Korean is syllable-based as claimed in psycholinguistic literature. Although the syllable can be a useful unit for segmenting speech, the primary building block for temporal organisation of sico is the word-sized prosodic unit resembling the Accentual Phrase

Achieving Secure and Efficient Cloud Search Services: Cross-Lingual Multi-Keyword Rank Search over Encrypted Cloud Data

Multi-user multi-keyword ranked search scheme in arbitrary language is a novel multi-keyword rank searchable encryption (MRSE) framework based on Paillier Cryptosystem with Threshold Decryption (PCTD). Compared to previous MRSE schemes constructed based on the k-nearest neighbor searcha-ble encryption (KNN-SE) algorithm, it can mitigate some draw-backs and achieve better performance in terms of functionality and efficiency. Additionally, it does not require a predefined keyword set and support keywords in arbitrary languages. However, due to the pattern of exact matching of keywords in the new MRSE scheme, multilingual search is limited to each language and cannot be searched across languages. In this pa-per, we propose a cross-lingual multi-keyword rank search (CLRSE) scheme which eliminates the barrier of languages and achieves semantic extension with using the Open Multilingual Wordnet. Our CLRSE scheme also realizes intelligent and per-sonalized search through flexible keyword and language prefer-ence settings. We evaluate the performance of our scheme in terms of security, functionality, precision and efficiency, via extensive experiments

The performance of language-impaired preschoolers on the K-ABC scales.

This study examined the effects of language impairment and age on the pattern of performance on the scales of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC). Four groups of preschool children were examined: 14 four-year-old children and 10 five-year-old children with a clinical diagnosis of expressive and receptive language impairments; 14 four-year-old children and 19 five-year-old children referred for reason other than language impairment. Subjects were matched on age, sex, SES, and presence of behavior problems. The results provided some support for Telzrow\u27s (1984) predicted pattern of performance. The language-impaired children did perform better on the Simultaneous Processing than the Sequential Processing Scale. However, the control group also exhibited this pattern of performance. The hypothesis that older language-impaired children would exhibit Telzrow\u27s (1984) predicted pattern more clearly than the younger language-impaired children was not supported. Such findings may have been due to the small sample size and narrow age range employed. No clear distinction was revealed between the K-ABC Nonverbal Scale and Kamphaus-Reynolds\u27s Verbal Intelligence Composite for the subjects employed in the present study. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 30-04, page: 1503. Thesis (M.A.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1990

Error Analysis on Learners' Interlanguage and Intralanguage: a Case Study of Two Adolescent Students

This research focuses on exploring learners' language, especially the errors that are performed by the English learners. The subjects of this study are two adolescent students who have been learning English since early age. The data analyzed is collected by doing the interview session. Identification and classification are done toward the errors performed by the subjects. After that, the pattern is drawn to find out the subjects' nature of language. The result shows that both interlanguage and intralanguage affect the students' English. However, interlanguage affects the errors more than does intralanguage. It proves that the nature of L1 affects the L2 acquisition. The errors occurred in terms of subject-verb agreement, tenses, and relative clause. At the end, the appropriate feedback given to speaking performance is implicit correction such as recast and prompts

Learning to Understand Child-directed and Adult-directed Speech

Speech directed to children differs from adult-directed speech in linguistic aspects such as repetition, word choice, and sentence length, as well as in aspects of the speech signal itself, such as prosodic and phonemic variation. Human language acquisition research indicates that child-directed speech helps language learners. This study explores the effect of child-directed speech when learning to extract semantic information from speech directly. We compare the task performance of models trained on adult-directed speech (ADS) and child-directed speech (CDS). We find indications that CDS helps in the initial stages of learning, but eventually, models trained on ADS reach comparable task performance, and generalize better. The results suggest that this is at least partially due to linguistic rather than acoustic properties of the two registers, as we see the same pattern when looking at models trained on acoustically comparable synthetic speech.Comment: Authors found an error in preprocessing of transcriptions before they were fed to SBERT. After correction, the experiments were rerun. The updated results can be found in this version. Importantly, - Most scores were affected to a small degree (performance was slightly worse). - The effect was consistent across conditions. Therefore, the general patterns remain the sam