Controlled Interaction: Strategies For Using Virtual Reality To Study Perception

Immersive virtual reality systems employing head-mounted displays offer great promise for the investigation of perception and action, but there are well-documented limitations to most virtual reality systems. In the present article, we suggest strategies for studying perception/action interactions that try to depend on both scale-invariant metrics (such as power function exponents) and careful consideration of the requirements of the interactions under investigation. New data concerning the effect of pincushion distortion on the perception of surface orientation are presented, as well as data documenting the perception of dynamic distortions associated with head movements with uncorrected optics. A review of several successful uses of virtual reality to study the interaction of perception and action emphasizes scale-free analysis strategies that can achieve theoretical goals while minimizing assumptions about the accuracy of virtual simulations

A Multi-Scale Network Model of Brightness Perception

A neural network model of brightness perception is developed to account for a wide variety of difficult data, including the classical phenomenon of Mach bands and nonlinear contrast effects associated with sinusoidal luminance waves. The model builds upon previous work by Grossberg and colleagues on filling-in models that predict brightness perception through the interaction of boundary and feature signals. Model equations are presented and computer simulations illustrate the model's potential.Air Force Office of Scientific Research (F49620-92-J-0334); Northeast Consortium for Engineering Education (NCEE-A303-21-93); Office of Naval Research (N00014-91-J-4100); German BMFT grant (413-5839-01 IN 101 C/1); CNPq and NUTES/UFRJ, Brazi

Perception of Nuclear Energy and Coal in France and the Netherlands

This study focuses on the perception of large scale application of nuclear energy and coal in the Netherlands and France. The application of these energy-sources and the risks and benefits are judged differently by various group in society. In Europe, France has the highest density of nuclear power plants and the Netherlands has one of the lowest. In both countries scientists and social scientists completed a questionnaire assessing the perception of the large scale application of both energy sources. Furthermore, a number of variables relating to the socio cultural and political circumstances were measured. The results indicate that the French had a higher risk perception and a more negative attitude toward nuclear power than the Dutch. But they also assess the benefits of the use of nuclear power to be higher. Explanations for these differences are discussed

Measuring public perceptions of sex offenders: reimagining the Community Attitudes Toward Sex Offenders (CATSO) scale

The Community Attitudes Toward Sex Offenders (CATSO) scale is an 18-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure respondents’ attitudes toward sex offenders. Its original factor structure has been questioned by a number of previous studies, and so this paper sought to reimagine the scale as an outcome measure, as opposed to a scale of attitudes. A face validity analysis produced a provisional three-factor structure underlying the CATSO: ‘punitiveness,’ ‘stereotype endorsement,’ and ‘risk perception.’ A sample of 400 British members of the public completed a modified version of the CATSO, the Attitudes Toward Sex Offenders scale, the General Punitiveness Scale, and the Rational-Experiential Inventory. A three-factor structure of a 22-item modified CATSO was supported using half of the sample, with factors being labeled ‘sentencing and management,’ ‘stereotype endorsement,’ and ‘risk perception.’ Confirmatory factor analysis on data from the other half of the sample endorsed the three-factor structure; however, two items were removed in order to improve ratings of model fit. This new 20-item ‘Perceptions of Sex Offenders scale’ has practical utility beyond the measurement of attitudes, and suggestions for its future use are provided

HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI STATUS PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL DENGAN\ud PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KERJA PADA REMAJA

Each person has his own life goal and its positive life achievement can only be determined by a good decision making. Most of decision makers implement perception as one of measurements to select the best alternative. It can be described through the working perception, as to work is a\ud demand to fulfill human need. The working perception of the civil servant status can be illustrated as one example in this case, that some people might have either positive or negative view. Both views have potential to influence individual in the decision making process for working.\ud This study is aimed to find out the correlation betwen the civil servant status perception and job decision making especially for teenagers, as the decision making is a natural process experienced by teenagers within their personal development. This study is a quantitative research in which the civil servant status perception is stated as free variable and the job decision making as tied\ud variable. The population of this study is students of Sekolah Menengah Umum Negeri 7 Pontianak (State Senior High School 7 Pontianak) and the sample is one hundred third graders of the mentioned school that is taken by Cluster Sampling technique. The data collection process uses scale, by the likert scale as well as the other two scales; the civil servant perseption scale and the job decision making scale. The data analysis applies a product moment technique by Karl Pearson with the application of SPSS 12 computer peogram. Based on the data analysis, the result of the study (by r = 0.370; p = 0.000) can be stated that there is a significant difference between the civil servant status perception and job decision making especially for teenagers. Thus, if there is a positive perception, the job decision making will be higher; on the other hand, if there is a negative perseption, the job decision making will be lower. By having this study, the (r2) is discovered as 0.137 or 13.7% that indicates the civil servant perseption gives effective contribution for job decision by 13.7% while the other 86.3% is influenced by other variable, insufficient accuracy, and the imprecision of research subjects

HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERSEPSI TENTANG SUSU FORMULA DENGAN INTENSI MEMBELI

For a few Indonesia society moment have been re-caused an uproar regarding the problem of health world with invention of bacterium of Enterobacter Sakazakii ( E. sakazakii) at milk of formula baby and baby food by researcher of IPB ( Institute Agriculture of Bogor). Before is final month of february last, researcher team of IPB announce result of research of them about milk of formula marketed baby food and baby during the month of April till June 2006. \ud Its result, researcher team find 22,73% from 22 milk sample of formula and 40% from 15 the baby food sample have bacterium contaminate E. Sakazakii. Result of finding of IPB concerning bacterium E. Sakazakii in milk of formula baby and baby food make society worry and anxious which so extraordinary. More than anything else, till now milk brand of formula anticipated contain bacterium E. Sakazakii still is mysterious. The news can influence perception of consumer about the product so that intention to buy product also will have an effect on. As for conducting of this research is to test by empiric relation between perception about milk of formula with intensity buy. \ud In this research of research subject the used is mothers having baby buying milk of formula that is totalizing the overall of subject counted 80 subject which consist of 30 subject for tryout and 50 subject for research, taken with technique of accidental sampling. Method data collecting the used is scale, there is 2 used scale that is perception scale about milk of formula scale and of intensity buy compiled by researcher alone, for method analyze data by using technique of product moment of assisted Karl Pearson with computer program of SPSS 12. \ud From data analysis which have to be got by result of that ( r) 0,725 and ( p) 0,000 hence earning concluded that there is positive relation and very significant between perception about milk of formula with intensity buy. Its positive meaning progressively perception of mothers about milk of formula hence excelsior of intensity buy mothers to milk of formula, so also on the contrary progressively negativity perception of mothers about milk of formula \ud hence progressively lower intensity buy it to milk of formula. Of this research is got also ( ) equal to 0,526 with the meaning effective contribution of perception about milk of formula to intensity buy is equal to 52,6%, and the rest equal to 47,4% is other factors which do not be involved in this research

The reliability and validity of functional brain connectivity compared to a self-reported measure of pain

Pain is a multidimensional perception that is complex in nature. It is a unitary construct that includes overlapping domains such as intensity, affect, quality, and frequency. These domains do not reflect the amount of tissue damage. It reflects the end result of the perception of pain in which multiple biopsychosocial factors are involved (Gatchel et al., 2007). Multiple self-reported measures have been used in an attempt to capture most factors that may influence pain such as psychological factors. However, there is no one scale that can be used to characterize pain as a whole with all its factors. Furthermore, physical measurements did not prove to be better than self-reported measure in pain characterization. Since pain perception is believed to occur in the brain, it seems rational to measure aspects of the brain as a biomarker for pain. One method that has been recently used is functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI), which is a measure of the connectivity between brain regions that are previously known to be related to pain. In this paper the focus will be on the recent “physical measure” of pain in comparison to the self-reported measure, the Gracely box scale. First a summary of the reliability and validity of the Gracely box scale will be mentioned. Then the development of the functional connectivity based on the fMRI studies will be addressed. Finally, I will assess the reliability and validity of the measure compared to the Gracely box scale

RPGs to enhance the second language acquisition of both Mandarin and English

Research Question: “To what degree can it be evidenced that interactive role playing games enhance the mutual second language acquisition of both Mandarin and English?”♦ Small scale side project to ascertain avatar interaction preferences based on perception.♦ Pilot study will apply psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic research knowledge to specifically designed game

Two mechanisms for optic flow and scale change processing of looming

Published in final edited form as: J Vis. ; 11(3): . doi:10.1167/11.3.5.The detection of looming, the motion of objects in depth, underlies many behavioral tasks, including the perception of self-motion and time-to-collision. A number of studies have demonstrated that one of the most important cues for looming detection is optic flow, the pattern of motion across the retina. Schrater et al. have suggested that changes in spatial frequency over time, or scale changes, may also support looming detection in the absence of optic flow (P. R. Schrater, D. C. Knill, & E. P. Simoncelli, 2001). Here we used an adaptation paradigm to determine whether the perception of looming from optic flow and scale changes is mediated by single or separate mechanisms. We show first that when the adaptation and test stimuli were the same (both optic flow or both scale change), observer performance was significantly impaired compared to a dynamic (non-motion, non-scale change) null adaptation control. Second, we found no evidence of cross-cue adaptation, either from optic flow to scale change, or vice versa. Taken together, our data suggest that optic flow and scale changes are processed by separate mechanisms, providing multiple pathways for the detection of looming.We thank Jonathan Victor and the anonymous reviewers of the paper for feedback and suggestions regarding the stimuli used here. This work was supported by NIH grant R01NS064100 to LMV. (R01NS064100 - NIH)Accepted manuscrip