Design and Build a Ventilator Tester with a Peak Inspiratory Flow Waveform Display as Validation using the F1031V Sensor

The ventilator is a supporter of respiratory needs which is very important for the patient so that there are several parameters that must be monitored specifically, such as the measurement of pressure and flow rate used in the ventilator system, the accuracy of which must be in accordance with the accuracy of the respirator. One of the important parameters to monitor is PIF (Peak Inspiratory Flow) which is the peak inspiratory flow rate given through the ventilator. PIF that is too high or too low can cause adverse effects on the patient. PIF monitoring can be seen through the PIF value and waveform on the PIF. Monitoring the waveform of the PIF will be very useful to improve the results of using the ventilator. The purpose of this research is to get the accuracy and precision of the sensor to display the waveform of the ventilator output. The procedure carried out is to use the F1031V sensor to detect the flow generated by the ventilator and then detect the PIF value and PIF waveform. From this research, the measurement of accuracy and precision of the F1031V sensor to detect PIF and generate a waveform graph is said to be good. This is because the highest error value is ±2.04% at the 20 LPM setting. While the value of the largest standard deviation at the 30 LPM setting is 1.517 and the greatest uncertainty value at the 30 LPM setting is 0.061. Then, the largest correction value is found in the setting of 20 LPM and 30 LPM, namely 0.4. PIF monitoring is carried out to maximize patient care and reduce the breakdown time on the ventilator

Optimization of flow setting during high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) with a new spirometry system

High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is frequently used to treat respiratory distress in infants and children because of its beneficial effects on alveolar ventilation and respiratory mechanics. Setting an adequate flow rate that meets a patient's peak inspiratory flow (PIF) is thus crucially important to achieve such effects. HFNC flow rate is typically set at 1 L/min/kg +1 as suggested by the manufacturer and increased to 2 L/min/kg according to the degree of respiratory distress. However, whether this empirical flow setting actually meets a patient's PIF has not yet been investigated. In this study, we implemented our previously described respiratory mechanics monitoring system (MAES) with a new spirometry function (NSS) that allows for a simultaneous visualization of the flow tracings of HFNC and the patient's spontaneous breathing. We tested the ability of NSS-MAES to determine the adequacy of empirically set flow rates of 1 L/min/kg +1 or 2 L/min/kg on 9 infants with respiratory distress receiving HFNC. HFNC flow rate was considered adequate if its tracing was just above the patient's respiratory flow. In patients in whom 1 L/kg/min +1 was inadequate, we used NSS-MAES to identify the adequate flow by raising the HFNC flow until it reached the patient's PIF (HFNC-NSS-MAES). We also investigated which flow rate was associated with the maximal decrease of respiratory effort, namely, Pressure Time Product (PTP) and Work of Breathing (WOB). We found that 1 L/min/kg +1, but not 2 L/min/kg was often unable to meet the patient's PIF. In these cases HFNC-NSS-MAES values were around 1.6 L/min/kg. Conversely, HFNC at 2 L/min/kg always exceeded the patient's PIF. All breathing effort indexes tested improved after HFNC treatment with the maximal unloading seen at 2 L/min/kg for PTP and at HFNC-NSS-MAES. © 2016 IEEE