Online Bitrate Selection for Viewport Adaptive 360-Degree Video Streaming

360-degree video streaming provides users with immersive experience by letting users determine their field-of-views (FoVs) in real time. To enhance the users' quality of experience (QoE) given their limited bandwidth, recent works have proposed a viewport adaptive 360-degree video streaming model by exploiting the bitrate adaptation in spatial and temporal domains. Under this video streaming model, in this paper, we consider a scenario with a newly generated 360-degree video without viewing history from other users. To maximize the user's QoE, we propose an online bitrate selection algorithm, called OBS360. The proposed online algorithm can adapt to the unknown and heterogeneous users' FoVs and downloading capacities. We prove that the proposed algorithm achieves sublinear dynamic regret under a convex decision set. This suggests that as the number of video segments increases, the performance of the online algorithm approaches the performance of the offline algorithm, where the users' FoVs and downloading capacities are known. We perform simulations with real-world dataset to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. Results show that compared with several existing methods, our proposed algorithm can enhance the users' QoE significantly by improving the viewing bitrate and reducing the inter-segment and intra-segment degradation losses of the users

Adaptive Bitrate Video Streaming for Wireless nodes: A Survey

In today's Internet, video is the most dominant application and in addition to this, wireless networks such as WiFi, Cellular, and Bluetooth have become ubiquitous. Hence, most of the Internet traffic is video over wireless nodes. There is a plethora of research to improve video streaming to achieve high Quality of Experience (QoE) over the Internet. Many of them focus on wireless nodes. Recent measurement studies often show QoE of video suffers in many wireless clients over the Internet. Recently, many research papers have presented models and schemes to optimize the Adaptive BitRate (ABR) based video streaming for wireless and mobile users. In this survey, we present a comprehensive overview of recent work in the area of Internet video specially designed for wireless network. Recent research has suggested that there are some new challenges added by the connectivity of clients through wireless. Also these challenges become more difficult to handle when these nodes are mobile. This survey also discusses new potential areas of future research due to the increasing scarcity of wireless spectrum