99,578 research outputs found
q-Differential equations for q-classical polynomials and q-Jacobi-Stirling numbers
We introduce, characterise and provide a combinatorial interpretation for the so-called q-Jacobi–Stirling numbers.
This study is motivated by their key role in the (reciprocal) expansion of any power of a second order
q-differential operator having the q-classical polynomials as eigenfunctions in terms of other even order operators,
which we explicitly construct in this work. The results here obtained can be viewed as the q-version of
those given by Everitt et al. and by the first author, whilst the combinatorics of this new set of numbers is a
q-version of the Jacobi–Stirling numbers given by Gelineau and the second author
Deterministic elliptic curve primality proving for a special sequence of numbers
We give a deterministic algorithm that very quickly proves the primality or
compositeness of the integers N in a certain sequence, using an elliptic curve
E/Q with complex multiplication by the ring of integers of Q(sqrt(-7)). The
algorithm uses O(log N) arithmetic operations in the ring Z/NZ, implying a bit
complexity that is quasi-quadratic in log N. Notably, neither of the classical
"N-1" or "N+1" primality tests apply to the integers in our sequence. We
discuss how this algorithm may be applied, in combination with sieving
techniques, to efficiently search for very large primes. This has allowed us to
prove the primality of several integers with more than 100,000 decimal digits,
the largest of which has more than a million bits in its binary representation.
At the time it was found, it was the largest proven prime N for which no
significant partial factorization of N-1 or N+1 is known.Comment: 16 pages, corrected a minor sign error in 5.
Conway's subprime Fibonacci sequences
It's the age-old recurrence with a twist: sum the last two terms and if the
result is composite, divide by its smallest prime divisor to get the next term
(e.g., 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 3, 7, ...). These sequences exhibit pseudo-random
behaviour and generally terminate in a handful of cycles, properties
reminiscent of 3x+1 and related sequences. We examine the elementary properties
of these 'subprime' Fibonacci sequences.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure
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