Observational Calculi – Tool for Semantic Web (Poster abstract)

The goal of this poster is to draw attention to observational calculi, to explain their main features and to outline possibilities of their application in Semantic Web. Observational calculi were defined in the book [1] as a tool to answer the questions (i) Can computers formulate and verify scientific hypotheses? (ii) Can computers in a rational way analyze empirical data and produce a reasonable reflection of the observed empirical world? Can it be done using mathematical logic and statistics? Formulas of observational calculi correspond to suitable statements concerning observational data. The important observational calculi studied in [1] are observational predicate calculi. They are defined by modifications of predicate calculi. The modifications consist in allowing only finite models (that correspond to analyzed data in the form of {0,1}- data matrices) and in adding generalized quantifiers. The generalized quantifiers are used to express patterns corresponding to statistical hypothesis tests. Important theoretical results concerning logic of observational calculi are published in [1]. Observational calculi are also studied in relation to data mining [3]. Ther