Interpolation in local theory extensions

In this paper we study interpolation in local extensions of a base theory. We identify situations in which it is possible to obtain interpolants in a hierarchical manner, by using a prover and a procedure for generating interpolants in the base theory as black-boxes. We present several examples of theory extensions in which interpolants can be computed this way, and discuss applications in verification, knowledge representation, and modular reasoning in combinations of local theories.Comment: 31 pages, 1 figur

Raman studies of suspensions and solutions of singlewall carbon nanotubes

Raman spectroscopy is used to probe the structure and electronic properties of nanotubes dispersed in a liquid phase. We show that the radial breathing modes are upshifted in suspensions due to the molecular pressure of the solvent. On the other hand, we directly probe charge transfer in solutions of nanotube polyelectrolytes and its reversibility after oxydation in air

Fluctuation-Facilitated Charge Migration along DNA

We propose a model Hamiltonian for charge transfer along the DNA double helix with temperature driven fluctuations in the base pair positions acting as the rate limiting factor for charge transfer between neighboring base pairs. We compare the predictions of the model with the recent work of J.K. Barton and A.H. Zewail (Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA, {\bf 96}, 6014 (1999)) on the unusual two-stage charge transfer of DNA.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

LiVGe2O6, an anomalous quasi 1D, S=1S = 1 system, as revealed by NMR

We report the results of $^{7}$Li nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of LiVGe$_{2}$O$_{6}$, a quasi one--dimensional spin $S = 1$ model system, at low temperatures. Our data, including NMR spectra and the temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation rate $T_{1}^{-1}$, indicate a first order phase transition to occur at $T_{c}\simeq 23$ K. The NMR response of LiVGe$_{2}$O$_{6}$ below $T_{c}$ suggests that the ordered phase is antiferromagnetic and has unusual features. Possible reasons for this unexpected behavior are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 Postscript figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. Let

Mn-doped II-VI quantum dots: artificial molecular magnets

The notion of artifical atom relies on the capability to change the number of carriers one by one in semiconductor quantum dots, and the resulting changes in their electronic structure. Organic molecules with transition metal atoms that have a net magnetic moment and display hysteretic behaviour are known as single molecule magnets (SMM). The fabrication of CdTe quantum dots chemically doped with a controlled number of Mn atoms and with a number of carriers controlled either electrically or optically paves the way towards a new concept in nanomagnetism: the artificial single molecule magnet. Here we study the magnetic properties of a Mn-doped CdTe quantum dot for different charge states and show to what extent they behave like a single molecule magnet.Comment: Conference article presented at QD2006, Chamonix, May 200

A compact design for the Josephson mixer: the lumped element circuit

We present a compact and efficient design in terms of gain, bandwidth and dynamical range for the Josephson mixer, the superconducting circuit performing three-wave mixing at microwave frequencies. In an all lumped-element based circuit with galvanically coupled ports, we demonstrate non degenerate amplification for microwave signals over a bandwidth up to 50 MHz for a power gain of 20 dB. The quantum efficiency of the mixer is shown to be about 70$\%$ and its saturation power reaches $-112$ dBm.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

MISYAR MARRIAGE: A Comparative Study on Yusuf Al-Qaradhawi And Suhailah Zainul Abidin Hammad Perspective

This study delves into the perspectives of Yusuf Al-Qaradhawi and Suhailah Zainul Abidin Hammad on the complex topic of Misyar marriage within the framework of Islamic jurisprudence. The objective of this study is to analyze and compare their viewpoints on the legitimacy, societal implications, and ethical dimensions of Misyar marriage within the Islamic context. Utilizing a qualitative approach, this study takes the form of a library research inquiry. Employing a descriptive-comparative approach, researcher scrutinize Misyar marriage law through the lenses of both Yusuf Al�Qaradhawi and Suhailah Zainul Abidin Hammad. The data was gathered from various documents, and the principal data originates from Al-Qaradhawi's book "Zawajul Misyar, Haqiqatuhu Wa Hukumuhu" and Suhailah's "Zawajul Misyar." Key findings reveal that Al-Qaradhawi tends to adopt a more lenient stance, emphasizing its potential to address specific societal needs. In contrast, Suhailah expresses significant reservations, highlighting potential exploitation and its consequences on familial relationships and broader societal dynamics

Variation in the thermionic work function of semiconductor powders exposed to electromagnetic radiation

The study of the variation of thermoelectronic work function potential of TiO2 in the presence of isobutane shows that this gas is not adsorbed on this solid, in either the presence or the absence of ultraviolet radiation. These results, as well as those obtained in a previous work, lead to the mechanism of the photo-oxidation of isobutane at room temperature, in which excited atomic oxygen is the active species

Oxidation reactions are required to produce atranorin from acetate by alginate-immobilized cells of Cladonia verticillaris.

Atranorin, a p-depside of the b-orcinol series, is produced by several Cladonia species. Immobilized cells of Cladonia verticillaris in calcium alginate are able to produce atranorin when they are supplied with 1.0 mM acetate as a precursor. Production of the depside is enhanced by adding an oxidant agent (NAD+ or FMN) to the incubation media and its secretion to these media is facilitated by permeabilizing the immobilized cells with 2 % iso-propanol