3 research outputs found
Learning to design from humans: Imitating human designers through deep learning
Humans as designers have quite versatile problem-solving strategies. Computer
agents on the other hand can access large scale computational resources to
solve certain design problems. Hence, if agents can learn from human behavior,
a synergetic human-agent problem solving team can be created. This paper
presents an approach to extract human design strategies and implicit rules,
purely from historical human data, and use that for design generation. A
two-step framework that learns to imitate human design strategies from
observation is proposed and implemented. This framework makes use of deep
learning constructs to learn to generate designs without any explicit
information about objective and performance metrics. The framework is designed
to interact with the problem through a visual interface as humans did when
solving the problem. It is trained to imitate a set of human designers by
observing their design state sequences without inducing problem-specific
modelling bias or extra information about the problem. Furthermore, an
end-to-end agent is developed that uses this deep learning framework as its
core in conjunction with image processing to map pixel-to-design moves as a
mechanism to generate designs. Finally, the designs generated by a
computational team of these agents are then compared to actual human data for
teams solving a truss design problem. Results demonstrates that these agents
are able to create feasible and efficient truss designs without guidance,
showing that this methodology allows agents to learn effective design
strategies
Nonlinear methods for design-space dimensionality reduction in shape optimization
In shape optimization, design improvements significantly depend on the dimension and variability of the design space. High dimensional and variability spaces are more difficult to explore, but also usually allow for more significant improvements. The assessment and breakdown of design-space dimensionality and variability are therefore key elements to shape optimization. A linear method based on the principal component analysis (PCA) has been developed in earlier research to build a reduced-dimensionality design-space, resolving the 95% of the original geometric variance. The present work introduces an extension to more efficient nonlinear approaches. Specifically the use of Kernel PCA, Local PCA, and Deep Autoencoder (DAE) is discussed. The methods are demonstrated for the design-space dimensionality reduction of the hull form of a USS Arleigh Burke-class destroyer. Nonlinear methods are shown to be more effective than linear PCA. DAE shows the best performance overall