Non-invasive Glaucoma Screening Using Ocular Thermal Image Classification

Ocular thermography is an important, emerging modality in the diagnosis and management of diseases related to eye. It is a non-invasive procedure to evaluate the presence of eye diseases and monitor the response to treatments. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a system designed using infrared thermal image processing that detects glaucoma. Euclidean distance based segmentation technique is used to threshold the IR image to obtain the region of interest, where the manifestation of glaucoma is predominant. Features are extracted using statistical moments from the temperature mapped IR image and Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix of the IR image. Two significant attributes, namely the homogeneity and area of region of interest are the inputs to a Support Vector Machine classifier to classify a given input ocular thermal image as a normal or diseased image. In our simulation study, one hundred ocular thermal images with even number of normal and diseased subjects were analysed. The classifier has achieved a maximum accuracy of 96% when homogeneity and area of region of interest are used as attributes, indicating the potential use of proposed method for screening patients even at early stages of glaucoma

Evaluación de la estructura de las glándulas de meibomio mediante tecnología infrarroja

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Departamento de Optometría y Visión, leída el 26/06/2019Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface considered one of the most frequently encountered ocular conditions seen by eye care practitioners. Nowadays, DED is estimated to affect between 5 − 50% of the worldwide population. Furthermore, the prevalence of DED increases linearly with age which makes DED a growing public health concern as the global population of older people is expected to be more than double its current amount by 2050. According to DED classification, the aqueous deficient dry eye (ADDE) and evaporative dry eye (EDE) are the two major DED types and are considered to exist on a continuum rather than as separate entities. Despite this, according to the current DED understanding, an evaporative component is more common than an ADDE component. Currently, the Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is considered the leading cause of EDE. This condition may result in alteration of the tear film, symptoms of eye irritation, clinically apparent inflammation and ocular surface disease. Therefore, any change that occurs in the morphology of the MG or in its secretion has an important clinical impact...El ojo seco o síndrome de ojo seco (SOS) es una enfermedad multifactorial de la superficie ocular considerada como una de las afecciones oculares más frecuentes observadas por los profesionales de la visión en la práctica clínica. Hoy en día, se estima que el SOS afecta al 5-50% de la población mundial. Además, su prevalencia aumenta linealmente con la edad, lo que hace que el SOS sea un problema de salud pública creciente, ya que se espera un aumento del doble de la población mundial de personas ancianas para 2050. Según la clasificación del SOS, se pueden distinguir principalmente dos tipos: el ojo seco acuodeficiente, caracterizado por un déficit en la capa acuosa de la película lagrimal y el ojo seco evaporativo, el cual se caracteriza por una alteración en la evaporación de esta. A pesar de esta diferenciación, recientemente se ha observado que ambos tipos de SOS pueden coexistir simultáneamente, aunque el componente evaporativo tiende a ser el más común. Actualmente, la disfunción de las glándulas de meibomio (DGM) se considera la causa principal de la SOS evaporativo. Esta condición puede provocar alteración de la película lagrimal, síntomas de irritación ocular, inflamación clínicamente aparente y enfermedad de la superficie ocular. Por lo tanto, cualquier cambio que se produzca en la morfología o en la secreción de las glándulas puede tener un impacto clínico importante...Zespół suchego oka (ZSO) jest wieloczynnikowym schorzeniem powierzchni ocznej i jedną z najczęściej obserwowanych w praktyce klinicznej dolegliwości okulistycznych. Obecnie szacuje się, że ZSO dotyka od 5 do 50% światowej populacji. Ponadto, zachorowalność na ZSO wzrasta liniowo z wiekiem. Szacuje się, iż populacja osób starszych ulegnie do 2050 roku podwojeniu, przez co ZSO może stać się znaczącym problem zdrowia publicznego. Zgodnie z przyjętą ogólnie klasyfikacją, podtyp ZSO związany z niedostatecznym wydzielaniem warstwy wodnej filmu łzowego (ang. aqueous deficient) oraz podtyp związany z nadmiernym jego parowaniem (ang. evaporative) są dwoma najbardziej powszechnymi rodzajami ZSO, które nierzadko są współistniejące. Badania naukowe pokazują, że ZSO spowodowane zwiększonym parowaniem łez występuje częściej niż pozostałe typy. Obecnie uważa się, że za ten podtyp odpowiada w dużej mierze dysfunkcja gruczołów Meiboma (ang. Meibomian gland dysfunction, MGD). Dysfunkcja ta powoduje zaburzenia filmu łzowego, podrażnienie, stan zapalny i chorobę powierzchni oka. Stąd też, każda zmiana zachodząca w morfologii gruczołów Meiboma lub w ich zdolności wydzielniczej ma duże znaczenie kliniczne...Fac. de Óptica y OptometríaTRUEunpu

Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye syndrome is one of the most common types of ocular surface disorders that significantly worsen the quality of life of tens of millions of people worldwide.In the last decades, researchers worldwide investigated the composition and regulatory mechanisms of the preocular tear film to better understand dry eye syndrome. The tear film, in fact, plays a critical role in maintaining corneal and conjunctival integrity, protecting the eyes against infections, and preserving visual acuity. Recent scientific discoveries helped us gain a more and more accurate understanding of the structure and functioning of the tear film and how disorders in the tear film relate to dry eye syndrome. Today, ophthalmologists benefit from sophisticated diagnostic techniques, and they have at their disposal a wide range of effective therapeutic options to manage dry eye syndrome. This book illustrates the most recent research results in the diagnosis and treatment of dry eye syndrome, and it is of interest to the broad audience that comprises ophthalmologists, researchers, and students

Jefferson Digital Commons quarterly report: January-March 2020

This quarterly report includes: New Look for the Jefferson Digital Commons Articles COVID-19 Working Papers Educational Materials From the Archives Grand Rounds and Lectures JeffMD Scholarly Inquiry Abstracts Journals and Newsletters Master of Public Health Capstones Oral Histories Posters and Conference Presentations What People are Saying About the Jefferson the Digital Common

Novel dynamic corneal response parameters in a practice use: a critical review

Background: Non-contact tonometers based on the method using air puff and Scheimpflug’s fast camera are one of the latest devices allowing the measurement of intraocular pressure and additional biomechanical parameters of the cornea. Biomechanical features significantly affect changes in intraocular pressure values, as well as their changes, may indicate the possibility of corneal ectasia. This work presents the latest and already known biomechanical parameters available in the new offered software. The authors focused on their practical application and the diagnostic credibility indicated in the literature. Discussion: An overview of available literature indicates the importance of new dynamic corneal parameters. The latest parameters developed on the basis of biomechanics analysis of corneal deformation process, available in non-contact tonometers using Scheimpflug’s fast camera, are used in the evaluation of laser refractive surgery procedures, e.g. LASIK procedure. In addition, the assessment of changes in biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure confirms its independence from changes in the corneal biomechanics which may allow an intraocular pressure real assessment. The newly developed Corvis Biomechanical Index combined with the corneal tomography and topography assessment is an important aid in the classification of patients with keratoconus. Conclusion: New parameters characterising corneal deformation, including Corvis Biomechanical Index and biomechanical compensated intraocular pressure, significantly extend the diagnostic capabilities of this device and may be helpful in assessing corneal diseases of the eye. Nevertheless, further research is needed to confirm their diagnostic pertinence

Report of the Inaugural Meeting of the TFOS i2 = initiating innovation Series: Targeting the Unmet Need for Dry Eye Treatment

In March 2015, a meeting was held in London, United Kingdom, to address the progress in targeting the unmet need for dry eye disease (DED) treatment. The meeting, which launched the i2 = initiating innovation series, was sponsored by the Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society (TFOS; www.TearFilm.org) and supported by Dompé. The TFOS i2 meeting was designed to review advances in the understanding of DED since publication of the 2007 TFOS International Dry Eye WorkShop (DEWS) report, and to help launch the highly anticipated sequel, DEWS II. The meeting was structured to discuss the scope of the DED problem, to review the clinical challenges of DED, and to consider the treatment challenges of DED. This article provides a synopsis of the presentations of this TFOS i2 meeting

Vision Correction and Eye Surgery

This book focuses on the current approaches in the medical and surgical treatment of the most diffuse and important ocular diseases. It reports the latest developments in surgery (anterior segment surgery, posterior pole surgery, etc.) for various types of ocular disease, including glaucoma, corneal diseases, and vitreoretinal disease. the latest developments in the surgical field of ocular disease from the anterior segment to the posterior pole going through the main ocular disease (cataract surgery in normal and/or complicated conditions, glaucoma, corneal diseases, and vitreoretinal disease), with the latest developments in the treatment of ocular disease that enable improved surgical outcomes and fewer complications

Imaging of the human fundus in the clinical setting:past present and future

The human fundus is a complex structure that can be easily visualized and the world of ophthalmology is going through a golden era of new and exciting fundus imaging techniques; recent advances in technology have allowed a significant improvement in the imaging modalities clinicians have available to formulate a diagnostic and treatment plan for the patient, but there is constant on-going work to improve current technology and create new ideas in order to gather as much information as possible from the human fundus. In this article we shall summarize the imaging techniques available in the standard medical retina clinic (i.e. not limited to the research lab) and delineate the technologies that we believe will have a significant impact on the way clinicians will assess retinal and choroidal pathology in the not too distant future